Liver diseases in pregnancy and outcomes: A retrospective study from Saudi Arabia

Liver diseases unique to pregnancy are common causes of both maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. We retrospectively studied liver diseases unique to pregnancy, including hyperemesis gravidarum (HG); intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; eclampsia; preeclampsia; hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelets (HELLP) syndrome; and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. We collected data including maternal age, gestational weeks at presentation and at delivery, mode of delivery, number of parity, and laboratory markers at 0, 1 week, and within 24 hours after delivery; from 112 patients (mean age, 29.8 years) from April 2015 - March 2017. SPSS 22 was used for statistical analysis. We The commonest liver disease in pregnancy was pre-eclampsia followed by HG. HG patients were younger compared with those with eclampsia and preeclampsia (P=0.025). Gestational week at presentation and the week of delivery were significantly greater for preeclampsia/eclampsia and HELLP patients compared to HG. Primigravida represented 42.9% of our patients. Fetal complications were reported in 29 (26%) of cases. Of those, 17 had fetal or neonatal death. Fourteen mothers (12.5%) had ICU admission. Pregnancy related liver diseases are important causes for fetal mortality and morbidity. Maternal age and gestational weeks are important predictors of fetal and maternal outcomes.   Les maladies du foie propres à la grossesse sont des causes courantes de mortalité et de morbidité maternelles et foetales. Nous avons étudié rétrospectivement les maladies du foie propres à la grossesse, y compris l'hyperemesis gravidarum (HG); cholestase intrahépatique de la grossesse; éclampsie; prééclampsie; hémolyse, élévation des enzymes hépatiques et syndrome de bas taux de plaquettes (HELLP); et stéatose hépatique aiguë de la grossesse. Nous avons recueilli des données comprenant l'âge maternel, les semaines de gestation à la présentation et à l'accouchement, le mode d'accouchement, le nombre de parité et les marqueurs de laboratoire à 0, 1 semaine et dans les 24 heures suivant l'accouchement; de 112 patients (âge moyen, 29,8 ans) d'avril 2015 à mars 2017. SPSS 22 a été utilisé pour l'analyse statistique. Nous La maladie hépatique la plus courante pendant la grossesse était la pré-éclampsie suivie de l'HG. Les patients atteints de HG étaient plus jeunes que ceux atteints d'éclampsie et de prééclampsie (P = 0,025). La semaine gestationnelle lors de la présentation et la semaine de l'accouchement étaient significativement plus importantes pour les patients prééclampsie / éclampsie et HELLP par rapport à HG. Primigravida représentait 42,9% de nos patients. Des complications foetales ont été rapportées dans 29 (26%) des cas. Parmi ceux-ci, 17 ont eu un décès foetal ou néonatal. Quatorze mères (12,5%) ont été admises à l'USI. Les maladies hépatiques liées à la grossesse sont des causes importantes de mortalité et de morbidité foetales. L'âge maternel et les semaines de gestation sont des prédicteurs importants des issues foetales et maternelles. &nbsp

Genetic parameters estimation of growth in Salmo trutta caspius as a function of body weight and length

There is no available adequate information on the biology and genetics of the Caspian salmon (salmo truta Caspiu) living in the Caspian Sea with other species such as common carp families, sturgeons and etc., therefore we are interested in knowing whether selection for rapid growth rate in salmo trutta Caspius will potentially lead to correlated genetic response in body weight and length. The potential for correlated responses was evaluated by the heritability estimation, estimating heritabilities of body weight and length. The genetic parameter estimations were obtained for different stages of growth from 5400 fish consisting 27 unrelated families that reached maturity at 36 months of age. The parent which used to produce separate family groups had been caught from the Caspian Sea and spawned during the autumn season. The estimated heritability of body weight and length was 0.42±0.13 and 0.49±0.01, respectively based on differential and selection response between parent pairs and their offsprings. Several factors may have affected the creation of this high level of estimation, dominant effect, inherited from different breeders to offspring

Morphometrics studies of Mahisefid (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) from selected rivers in the southern Caspian Sea

Mahisefid, Rutilus frisii kutum , is a cyprinid fish which is distributed from Turkmenistan to Azerbaijan along the Caspian Sea. It is one of the economically important fish in the region. As part of the Iranian Fisheries Company’s policy to improve the stocks of this species, every year, fingerling of Mahisefid are released into the southern basin of the Caspian Sea. The main objective of this study was to determine populations in different of rivers. In total, 387 fish were collected from four rivers, including Lemir, Sefidrood, Shirrood and Tajan, where this fish migrates for spawning, in spring 2005. Thirteen conventional morphometric factors, 13 ratio and 12 Truss morphometrics were measured and calculated in this study. Conventional and Truss morphometric data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA Principal Component Analysis and discriminant. Average of coefficient of variation (CV%) of morphometric in males was 14.95, 10.28, 17.47 and 16.56 and in females was 21.35, 19.74, 18.25, and 19.74 in Lemir, Sefidrood, Shirrood and Tajan River, respectively, showing that all morphometric characters were significantly different (P<0.05) among four sampling sites (populations). The first component of morphometrics 44.32% in males and 68.94% in females were positive, indicating that the conventional morphometric was good descriptor of the body shape variation among the populations, especially in females. The total cumulative variances were 76.6% and 87.8% in males and females, respectively, suggesting that this can be considered as a useful discriminator. The total cumulative variances were 64.27% and 64.21% in males and females, respectively. The first component of truss was 87.7% and 81.3% of the total variance, in males and females, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that each sampling site represents independent population in each river

Adaptation, growth and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Bafgh brackish water

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the possibility of adaptation, growth and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with 0.3g initial weight and red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) with 0.7g initial weight in underground brackish water. Fry of Nile tilapia and red tilapia imported from Indonesia and after passing larviculture (25g) were examined separately in fiber glass tank by two replicate. Fish were fed at a restricted feeding program according to standard table during the light period. The results showed that some growth factors such as final weight, final length, daily growth rate, specific growth rate and weight gain in Nile tilapia were slightly higher than red tilapia but other factors such as survival and feed conversion rate in red tilapia were slightly higher than Nile tilapia. There were no significantly differences at 99% level among these factors. Length-weight relationship equation was w = 0.012×TL3.189 in Nile tilapia and w = 0.014×TL3.119 in red tilapia (r2 = 0.99), b value were 3.189 and 3.119 respectively in Nile and red tilapia representing isometric growth. According to the reliable growth and high survival rate (98%), it seems that both Nile and red tilapia could be good candidates for rearing in brackish water condition

Morphometrics Studies of Mahisefid (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) from Selected Rivers in the Southern Caspian Sea

Mahisefid, Rutilus frisii kutum , is a cyprinid fish which is distributed from Turkmenistan to Azerbaijan along the Caspian Sea. It is one of the economically important fish in the region. As part of the Iranian Fisheries Company’s policy to improve the stocks of this species, every year, fingerling of Mahisefid are released into the southern basin of the Caspian Sea. The main objective of this study was to determine populations in different of rivers. In total, 387 fish were collected from four rivers, including Lemir, Sefidrood, Shirrood and Tajan, where this fish migrates for spawning, in spring 2005. Thirteen conventional morphometric factors, 13 ratio and 12 Truss morphometrics were measured and calculated in this study. Conventional and Truss morphometric data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA Principal Component Analysis and discriminant. Average of coefficient of variation (CV%) of morphometric in males was 14.95, 10.28, 17.47 and 16.56 and in females was 21.35, 19.74, 18.25, and 19.74 in Lemir, Sefidrood, Shirrood and Tajan River, respectively, showing that all morphometric characters were significantly different (P<0.05) among four sampling sites (populations). The first component of morphometrics 44.32% in males and 68.94% in females were positive, indicating that the conventional morphometric was good descriptor of the body shape variation among the populations, especially in females. The total cumulative variances were 76.6% and 87.8% in males and females, respectively, suggesting that this can be considered as a useful discriminator. The total cumulative variances were 64.27% and 64.21% in males and females, respectively. The first component of truss was 87.7% and 81.3% of the total variance, in males and females, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that each sampling site represents independent population in each river

National cod of conduct on aquaculture insurance in I.R.IRAN

There are many factors affecting aquaculture insurance in Iran. In spite of existing formulation for cold water fish, warm water fish and shrimp culture in Iran, there was several aspects and new revisions were remind. In this study we focused on risk assessment as well as insurance procedure to find the better management practices on running insurance in the country. 360 farm (for carp in tree provinces Guilan, Mazandaran, Khozestan), 150 (for trout in tree provinces Fars, Mazandaran, Chamahal) and all 340 farm(for shrimp in four provinces Sistan ,Hormozgan, Bushehr, Khozestan) were selected for risk analysis program. Data were collected throw questionnaire forms. The project was carried out in two disciplines 1) risk analyzing for manageable and unmanageable accidents and their deductible rates 2) new formulation for insurance management

Introducing three species of Echinoids (order Echinoidea) in southern intertidal zone of Qeshm Island, the Persian Gulf

A one-year study (May 2007-April 2008) was undertaken to identify the echinoid species of intertidal sandy and rocky shores of the Qeshm Island. An intertidal sandy location and a rocky shore were surveyed in southern coasts of Qeshm Island, in northern Persian Gulf. Specimens were monthly collected along two 30m wide by 30 60m long (according to the tidal range) transects located approximately 300m apart, perpendicular to the sea, in each shore. Sampling was accomplished using 0.25m2 quadrat along each transect in the rocky shore, and by walking along nine 10×10-30m transects along each transect in the sandy shore. Three species of echinoids, belonging to 3 families were identified including: Clypeaster reticulatus, Diadema setosum and Echinometra mathaei. Identifications were verified by National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan. While Clypeaster reticulatus belongs to sandy habitats, none of the identified species were observed in sandy location

Road map of warm water fish culture

Carp aquaculture is one of Maine potential for commercial and rural development, employing enhancement and earning income .This enterprise which is conducted by using fresh water and unfertile lands have been attended in the country since last seven decades. In accordance to wide area of cultivation in the country, maximum production is about 150000 tonnes in 2010. Establishment of aquaculture center by technical deputy of president, made a suitable opportunity for preparation of carp development road map. In this report, present condition and problems in front of carp development have been analyzed, and regarding to targets of long term country development, projects for research and executive sectors have been prepared

A study on some non alive effective factors in incidence of white spot disease in Iran (Chabahar province)

Decline in capture fisheries and sea food demand lead to improve shrimp aquaculture activities. There are valuable capacities for shrimp culture in Guater site in Chabahar which could be mentioned as making employment. White spot disease collapses the shrimp farming activities in recent years. Although Guater were the main site for shrimp culture but this site were affected by white spot disease (WSD). Environmental stressors were the main criteria for attention in this regard. An investigation was carried out to monitor management practices and to find out whether there is any relationship with occurrence of white spot disease and environmental parameters. Desirable climate fluctuation happened in monsoon seasons in Guater area parallel with shrimp culture. Evidence of thermal shock beside presence of pathogens makes suitable condition for evidence of disease. Therefor one of the most important embarks is reducing the risk of this accident by selecting suitable time for post larvae stocking. Based on our study the best time for this purpose in Guater site is from March to June .Other recommended footsteps in relation to reduce outbreaks are: settlement bio security, using immune system simulators, embrace SPF brood stocks

Rearing of Indian craps fries to 1g weight in earthen ponds

30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan) and Sheiban Resaerch center (Khozestan), In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also. The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds.specimens were separated to tree experimental categories. fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured . Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings.Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specialy in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for futhre studies