Influence of the Antithrombotic Therapy in the Healing of Simple Post-Extraction Sockets: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: An adequate blood supply plays a leading role in the healing process of the post-extractive socket; its coagulation leads to fibrin clot formation, which acts as a physical barrier able to prevent postoperative bleeding and microbial infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antiaggregant drugs in healing post-extraction sockets compared to natural wound healing. Methods: This was a single-center prospective clinical trial. Extraction sockets allocated in healthy patients and in patients assuming antiplatelet drugs were considered. Thirty consecutive patients under (treated with/in treatment with) oral antiplatelet treatment were enrolled in the test group. In order to provide a control group, 30 consecutive patients meeting all the exclusion and inclusion criteria were enrolled. The extraction of the mono-radicular tooth was atraumatically performed without gingivoplasty or osteotomy procedures that could influence the healing process. Photographs were obtained before and immediately after surgery and at 3-, 7-, 14-and 28-days follow-up. Results: All patients assumed the prescribed therapy and their postoperative recovery was uneventful without any kind of post-extractive complications. The results of inter-group comparison show that on the third and seventh days of follow-up, the antiplatelet group expressed a statistically significant higher level of healing compared to the control group (p < 0.05), while no statistically significant differences were recorded at 14-and 28-days follow-up. Conclusions: Patients treated with antiplatelet agents seemed to show that this therapy can positively affect the healing process after tooth extractions

ISO-Cha I 192: A New Embedded Eruptive Variable in the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud*

We report the detection of an increase of about 2 mag in the 2.2 μm brightness of ISO-Cha I 192, a class I low-mass stellar object thought to be driving a bipolar CO outflow in the Chamaeleon I cloud. This substantial brightness change has taken place during less than 3 yr, from 1996 March to 1999 April. An elongated infrared reflection nebula of size ~530 AU is seen originating from the star in the direction of the CO bipolar outflow. The historic infrared properties of this young stellar object are examined in order to substantiate the hypothesis that this object is an FU Ori- or EX Lup-type system. Combining our new ground-based near- and mid-infrared photometry with Spitzer IRAC and MIPS broadband fluxes supplemented by published recent spectrophotometry, the spectral energy distribution of this source was constructed. We explored the plausibility of a "standard" configuration of infalling envelope + disk + central source for this object by fitting a two-dimensional radiative transfer code that includes the contributions of each of these components

Advanced platelet-rich fibrin as a therapeutic option in the treatment of dry socket: Literature review and case series

Alveolar osteitis (AO) is one of the complications that occur after tooth extraction. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the efficacy of Advanced Platelet-rich Fibrin (A-PRF) in the management of pain and the acceleration of wound healing in the treatment of AO. Consecutive patients who were diagnosed with AO, recruited from patients referred to the Oral Surgery Department of the University of Naples Federico II, were enrolled. After local anesthesia, the dry socket was curetted and irrigated with saline. The Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) clot was placed in the socket and then covered with an A-PRF membrane. Clinical parameters, such as the degree of pain and rate of granulation tissue (GT) formation, were measured before treatment and after 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The Friedman test for dependent samples was used to detect the treatment and time effect. Four patients with established AO were included. On all the examination days, the post-operative recovery was uneventful. The pain scores progressively reduced, from an average of 8.5 before treatment to 0.25 on the third day, and the GT formation improved over time. The use of A-PRF in the treatment of AO significantly reduced the pain level and enhanced the wound-healing process

Thermography as a method to detect dental anxiety in oral surgery

(1) Background: the aim of this study was to evaluate if dental anxiety can be measured objectively using thermal infrared imaging. (2) Methods: Patients referred to the Department of Oral Surgery of the University of Naples Federico II and requiring dental extractions were consecutively enrolled in the study. Face thermal distribution images of the patients were acquired before and during their first clinical examination using infrared thermal cameras. The data were analyzed in relation to five regions of interest (ROI) of the patient’s face (nose, ear, forehead, zygoma, chin). The differences in the temperatures assessed between the two measurements for each ROI were evaluated by using paired T‐test. The Pearson correlation and linear regression were performed to evaluate the association between differences in temperatures and Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questionnaire score, age, and gender; (3) results: sixty participants were enrolled in the study (28 males and 32 females; mean age 57.4 year‐old; age range 18–80 year‐old). Only for nose and ear zone there was a statistically significant difference between measurements at baseline and visit. Correlation between the thermal imaging measurements and the scores of the MDAS questionnaire was found for nose and ear, but not for all of the other regions. (4) Conclusions: the study demonstrated a potential use of thermal infrared imaging to measure dental anxiety

STAR FORMATION IN THE SOUTHERN DARK CLOUD DC 296.2-3.6

We report near- and mid-infrared (IR) images of the southern hemisphere dark cloud DC 296.2-3.6 associated with IRAS 11431 – 6516. The Ks and L' images show the presence of an IR nebulosity at the center of the dark cloud (DC). From the analysis of the near-IR color-color diagrams we have identified a young stellar population in the region. Five of these young stellar objects, here named A, B, C, D, and E, were also detected in the mid-IR. Sources B, D, and E are Class I-II T Tauri as suggested by the analysis of their spectral energy distributions. In addition, source E shows a long-term near-IR variability. The near-IR color-color diagrams indicate the presence of circumstellar dust envelope in sources A, B, D, and E, while the fit of SEDs of the intermediate- and low-mass objects A and B with a radiation transfer model including infalling envelope+disk+central source suggests circumstellar disks around these two objects. These results indicate that DC 296.2-3.6, located in the far Carina arm, is associated with an embedded cluster of low-mass young stellar objects

MONITORIZAÇÃO DE MICROALGAS PLANCTÔNICAS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICAS NA ÁREA DE MARICULTURA DA ENSEADA DE ARMAÇÃO DE ITAPOCOROY - PENHA - SC

This paper is a descriptive synthesis of approximately 17 months of phytoplankton sampling in the shellfish culture area of Enseada de Armação do Itapocoroy (Penha - Santa Catarina - Brazil). The goal of this program was to know the local phytoplankton composition, specially the toxic and potentially toxic ones; to verify the characteristics of water masses associated to the different phytoplankton assemblies and to monitor the occurrence of blooms of toxic or potentially toxic species, in order to prevent human intoxication by ingestion of contaminated shellfish. The results have indicated the occurrence of seasonal patterns in species succession. Potential producers of diarrhetic toxins tend to occur in winter and spring. From late spring to late summer the occurrence of Trichodesmium spp. indicate the possible presence of cyanobacteria toxins. Alexandrium fraterculus - a potential producer of paralytic toxin - has ocurred only in low cell densities and mainly in winter.O presente trabalho trata-se de uma síntese de aproximadamente 17 meses de amostragens de fitoplâncton na área de maricultura da Enseada de Armação do Itapocoroy, município de Penha, Santa Catarina. Os objetivos foram conhecer as principais espécies de microalgas planctônicas ocorrentes no local, especialmente as espécies tóxicas ou potencialmente tóxicas; verificar as características das massas de água associadas às diferentes espécies ou assembléias de microalgas (salinidade, temperatura e transparência) e monitorar a ocorrência de densidades elevadas de espécies tóxicas ou potencialmente tóxicas para prevenir possíveis intoxicações pela ingestão de moluscos com acúmulo de ficotoxinas. Os resultados indicam a ocorrência de padrões sazonais de sucessão de espécies. Espécies potencialmente produtoras de toxinas diarréicas e amnésicas tendem a ocorrer nos meses de inverno e primavera. Entre o final da primavera e durante o verão a ocorrência de Trichodesmium spp. indica possibilidade de toxinas de cianobactérias. Alexandrium fraterculus - um potencial produtor de toxina paralisante - ocorreu em pequenas densidades e principalmente no inverno

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study

Background. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation plays a key role in acute kidney injury (AKI) pathogenesis. We explored the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and AKI in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods. We prospectively included 2,063 AMI patients in whom hs-CRP was measured at admission. AKI incidence and a clinical composite of in-hospital death, cardiogenic shock, and acute pulmonary edema were the study endpoints. Results. Two-hundred-thirty-four (11%) patients developed AKI. hs-CRP levels were higher in AKI patients (45 \ub1 87 vs. 16 \ub1 41 mg/L; p < 0.0001). The incidence and severity of AKI, as well as the rate of the composite endpoint, increased in parallel with hs-CRP quartiles (p for trend <0.0001 for all comparisons). A significant correlation was found between hs-CRP and the maximal increase of serum creatinine (R = 0.23; p < 0.0001). The AUC of hs-CRP for AKI prediction was 0.69 (p < 0.001). At reclassification analysis, addition of hs-CRP allowed to properly reclassify 14% of patients when added to creatinine and 8% of patients when added to a clinical model. Conclusions. In AMI, admission hs-CRP is closely associated with AKI development and severity, and with in-hospital outcomes. Future research should focus on whether prophylactic renal strategies in patients with high hs-CRP might prevent AKI and improve outcome