Foreign Direct Investment between the EU and EAEU

This study is part of the “Challenges and Opportunities of Economic Integration within a Wider European and Eurasian Space” project, an ambitious undertaking seeking to scope the complex issues and potentials for economic cooperation between the European Union (EU) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), as well as with third-party countries of the vast Eurasian landmass. It is based on the intense research going on in over 25 countries, including Member-States of both the EU and the EAEU, the United States, China, Japan, Turkey and Ukraine, and on the results of seven international project workshops held at IIASA from June 2013 to April 2016, which discussed and synthesized these analyses. The project workshops were attended by renowned academics and high-level policymakers, including representatives from the European Commission and the Eurasian Economic Commission. This report presents the synthesis of three years of multi-disciplinary work

Nucleon-nucleon interaction in the JJ-matrix inverse scattering approach and few-nucleon systems

The nucleon-nucleon interaction is constructed by means of the $J$-matrix version of inverse scattering theory. Ambiguities of the interaction are eliminated by postulating tridiagonal and quasi-tridiagonal forms of the potential matrix in the oscillator basis in uncoupled and coupled waves, respectively. The obtained interaction is very accurate in reproducing the $NN$ scattering data and deuteron properties. The interaction is used in the no-core shell model calculations of $^3$H and $^4$He nuclei. The resulting binding energies of $^3$H and $^4$He are very close to experimental values.Comment: Text is revised, new figures and references adde

Application of the JJ-matrix Method to Faddeev-Merkuriev equation: beyond pseudostates

A version of the $J$-matrix method for solving numerically the three-body Faddeev-Merkuriev differential equations is proposed. This version allows to take into account the full spectrum of the two-body Coulomb subsystem. As a result, a discrete analog of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation is obtained which allows to interpret correctly the three-body wave function in two-body domains. The scheme is applied to calculations of the fully resolved absolute differential cross sections for the He$(e,2e)$He$^+$ and He$(e,3e)$He$^{++}$ reactions at small energy and momentum transfers. The results are in good agreement with the experiment both in shape and in absolute value.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figure

Optimization of the Wound Reparation Process

Nowadays, postoperative wound complications are quite frequent in surgery. Various medicines and physical methods are widely used to accelerate reparative regeneration (1,2). So far, the effect of oxygen air ions on the wound healing process has not been studied. Meanwhile, aeroionotherapy, characterized by an anti-oxidant action, can have an inducer effect.The purpose of the research was to study the effect of oxygen air ions on the regeneration of tissue structures of a laparotomic wound. Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted in 48 patients (divided into two groups) with acute peritonitis of appendicular origin. The patients of the basic group underwent aerorionotherapy in the early postoperative period. While using aeroionotherapy, the reparative process was faster and more perfect. The effect of oxygen air ions was accompanied by an acceleration of the inflammatory reaction course, which is manifested by the rapid migration of cellular elements to the wound surface and their differentiation into the connective tissues. This important fact explains the anti-inflammatory effect of such therapy, its capability to inhibit the alterative process and stimulate the reparative process. In the basic group, the intensity of biological consolidation was significantly different from that of the comparison group. Only 3 days after the operation, it was higher than the control value by 23.2%, after 5 days - by 37.7%, after 7 days - by 35.6% (p <0.01). Thus, the obtained data suggest that the negative oxygen air ions should have a rather pronounced regenerative effect

Broadband spectroscopy of astrophysical ice analogues: II. Optical constants of CO and CO2_2 ices in the terahertz and infrared ranges

Context: Broadband optical constants of astrophysical ice analogues in the infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) ranges are required for modeling the dust continuum emission and radiative transfer in dense and cold regions, where thick icy mantles are formed on the surface of dust grains. Aims: In this paper, the THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) and the Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) are combined to study optical constants of CO and CO$_2$ ices in the broad THz-IR spectral range. Methods: The measured ices are grown at cryogenic temperatures by gas deposition on a cold Si window. A method to quantify the broadband THz-IR optical constants of ices is developed based on the direct reconstruction of the complex refractive index of ices in the THz range from the TDS data, and the use of the Kramers-Kronig relation in the IR range for the reconstruction from the FTIR data. Uncertainties of the Kramers-Kronig relation are eliminated by merging the THz and IR spectra. The reconstructed THz-IR response is then analyzed using classical models of complex dielectric permittivity. Results: The complex refractive index of CO and CO$_2$ ices deposited at the temperature of $28$ K is obtained in the range of 0.3--12.0 THz. Based on the measured dielectric constants, opacities of the astrophysical dust with CO and CO$_2$ icy mantles are computed. Conclusions: The developed method can be used for a model-independent reconstruction of optical constants of various astrophysical ice analogs in a broad THz-IR range. Such data can provide important benchmarks to interpret the broadband observations from the existing and future ground-based facilities and space telescopes. The reported results will be useful to model sources that show a drastic molecular freeze-out, such as central regions of prestellar cores and mid-planes of protoplanetary disks, as well as CO and CO$_2$ snow lines in disks.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 7 figure