The development of student entrepreneurship in Russia and foreign countries

Examines attitudes of Russian students towards entrepreneurship. Summarizes the results of sociological researches of students opinions about the development of entrepreneurship among the youth. Presents the experience of foreign countries in support of student entrepreneurship at the University.Рассматривается отношение российских студентов к предпринимательству. Обощены результаты социологических исследований мнений студенческой молодежи о развитии предпринимательства в молодежной среде. Представлен опыт зарубежных стран по поддержке студенческого предпринимательства в вузе

Innovative solutions of improving efficiency in public management

The paper reflects the analyzing of current trends in the use of innovation, technical and technological potential of different countries in the context of optimizing the interaction of government and the public to stimulate the effectiveness of public management. As a result of correlation analysis, it has been proven that the basic factors, determining the effectiveness of the outlined management model, are the level of development of online services and the availability of the necessary information data infrastructure. Perspective for e-government lies in the ability to improve and adapt innovative tools to public management systems around the world by using the existing digital, research and technological potential of governments of different countries

Luminosity Function of High-Mass X-ray Binaries and Anisotropy in the Distribution of Active Galactic Nuclei toward the Large Magellanic Cloud

In 2003-2012, the INTEGRAL observatory has performed long-term observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). At present, this is one of the deepest hard X-ray (20-60 keV) surveys of extragalactic fields in which more than 20 sources of different natures have been detected. We present the results of a statistical analysis of the population of high-mass X-ray binaries in the LMC and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) observed in its direction. The hard X-ray luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries is shown to be described by a power law with a slope alpha~1.8, that in agreement with the luminosity function measurements both in the LMC itself, but made in the soft X-ray energy band, and in other galaxies. At the same time, the number of detected AGNs toward the LMC turns out to be considerably smaller than the number of AGNs registered in other directions, in particular, toward the source 3C 273. The latter confirms the previously made assumption that the distribution of matter in the local Universe is nonuniform.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, will be published in Astronomy Letters, 2012, Vol. 38, No. 8, p. 492--49

Limit theorems for von Mises statistics of a measure preserving transformation

For a measure preserving transformation $T$ of a probability space $(X,\mathcal F,\mu)$ we investigate almost sure and distributional convergence of random variables of the form $$x \to \frac{1}{C_n} \sum_{i_1<n,...,i_d<n} f(T^{i_1}x,...,T^{i_d}x),\, n=1,2,...,$$ where $f$ (called the \emph{kernel}) is a function from $X^d$ to $\R$ and $C_1, C_2,...$ are appropriate normalizing constants. We observe that the above random variables are well defined and belong to $L_r(\mu)$ provided that the kernel is chosen from the projective tensor product $$L_p(X_1,\mathcal F_1, \mu_1) \otimes_{\pi}...\otimes_{\pi} L_p(X_d,\mathcal F_d, \mu_d)\subset L_p(\mu^d)$$ with $p=d\,r,\, r\ \in [1, \infty).$ We establish a form of the individual ergodic theorem for such sequences. Next, we give a martingale approximation argument to derive a central limit theorem in the non-degenerate case (in the sense of the classical Hoeffding's decomposition). Furthermore, for $d=2$ and a wide class of canonical kernels $f$ we also show that the convergence holds in distribution towards a quadratic form $\sum_{m=1}^{\infty} \lambda_m\eta^2_m$ in independent standard Gaussian variables $\eta_1, \eta_2,...$. Our results on the distributional convergence use a $T$--\,invariant filtration as a prerequisite and are derived from uni- and multivariate martingale approximations

Получение низкозастывающего дизельного топлива для надёжной работы техники в районах Крайнего Севера и Арктики

In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) there are many winter roads for transportation of food and essential goods. As a rule, vehicles are running on a diesel fuel on such roads. Despite the difficulties in operating diesel vehicles under extremely low temperatures, diesel vehicles are much more powerful and economical than gasoline ones. Problems with start and operation of a diesel engine are associated with low-temperature properties of diesel fuel. The process involved in refining oil to create a winter class diesel fuel is expensive and complex because paraffinic hydrocarbons must be removed.Therefore, today it is important to produce winter classes of diesel fuel by compounding a pour point depressant and a summer class of fuel. When using additives, problems arise with the choice of their concentration. Those limits that the manufacturer recommends in real life show a negative result.There is no wide range of those additives in Yakutia so the authors chose for experiments Dewaxol additives that diminish sedimentation during fuel transportation. So, during the study of the impact of Dewaxol additive, that contained amides and imides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids on the diesel fuel, it was considered how, at various concentrations of the additive and the heating temperature of fuel, the cloud point decreases, and sedimentation stability improves. The least squares method has allowed describing optimal concentration of pour point depressant. The study resulted in the conclusion that the fuel with a high content of depressant-dispersant additive has the best sedimentation stability.В Республике Саха (Якутия) функционирует множество автозимников для перевозки продовольствия и товаров первой необходимости. Как правило, по таким дорогам ездят автомобили, работающие на дизельном двигателе. Несмотря на трудности в эксплуатации дизельной техники при экстремально низких температурах, дизельная техника намного мощнее и экономичнее бензиновой. Проблемы с запуском и работой дизельного двигателя связаны с низкотемпературными свойствами дизельного топлива. Процесс переработки нефти для создания зимнего сорта дизельного топлива сопровождается большими затратами и сложной технологией, потому что необходимо удалить парафиновые углеводороды.Поэтому сегодня актуально производство зимних сортов дизельного топлива путём компаундирования депрессорной присадки и летнего сорта топлива. При использовании присадок возникают проблемы с выбором их концентрации. Те пределы, которые рекомендует производитель, в реальной жизни показывают отрицательный результат.В Якутии отсутствует широкий спектр таких присадок, поэтому авторы остановили свой выбор для проведения экспериментов присадках Dewaxol, которые уменьшают отложения при перевозке топлива. В ходе изучения воздействия присадки Dewaxol, в составе которой были амиды и имиды моно- и дикарбоновых кислот, на дизельное топливо было рассмотрено, как при различных концентрациях присадки и температуре нагрева топлива снижается температура помутнения и улучшается седиментационная устойчивость. Метод наименьших квадратов позволил описать оптимальную концентрацию депрессорной присадки. В результате исследования выяснилось, что наилучшей седиментационной устойчивостью обладает топливо с высоким содержанием депрессорно-диспергирующей присадки

A new fireworm (Amphinomidae) from the Cretaceous of Lebanon identified from three-dimensionally preserved myoanatomy

© 2015 Parry et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. The attached file is the published version of the article

A large spin-up rate measured with INTEGRAL in the High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsar SAXJ2103.5+4545

The High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsar SAXJ2103.5+4545 has been observed with INTEGRAL several times during the last outburst in 2002-2004. We report a comprehensive study of all INTEGRAL observations, allowing a study of the pulse period evolution during the recent outburst. We measured a very rapid spin-up episode, lasting 130days, which decreased the pulse period by 1.8s. The spin-up rate, pdot=-1.5e-7 s/s, is the largest ever measured for SAXJ2103.5+4545, and it is among the fastest for an accreting pulsar. The pulse profile shows evidence for temporal variability, apparently not related to the source flux or to the orbital phase. The X-ray spectrum is hard and there is significant emission up to 150keV. A new derivation of the orbital period, based on RXTE data, is also reported.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&