Стан соснових насаджень на водно-льодовикових відкладах у Житомирському поліссі

The results of researches of the state of forest plantations of pine trees of different ages on water-glacial deposits in Zhytomyr Polissya are presented. The phyto-indicative analysis describes the types of forest conditions, such as: fresh bory and fresh subory. It is established that about 40 % of trees grow in fresh bory by the first class of Kraft and in fresh subory – about 50 %. The first class of merchantability includes 30 % of trees in fresh bory and 47 % of trees from their total number in fresh subory. The number of weakened, dying and dead trees in fresh bory is 35.5 %, and in fresh subory 54.3 %. The dying and dead trees appear as a result of diseases, insect pests and competition for nutrients. It is found out that the absolute value of the annual tree rings decreases with the increase in the age of pine: in fresh bory by 28.0 %, in fresh subory by 50.5 %. It is established that the least annual rings are characteristic for plantations of fresh bory, and the widest ones – for tree stands growing in richer conditions (fresh subory). The maximum values of the growth of annual rings are recorded for mature and overmature forest stands, regardless of forest conditions. By dendrochronological analysis it is established that the annual radial increment of the pine varies between 1.19–3.94 mm. By the values of the standard deviation it is clear that the organization of the system continues in the fresh bory throughout the studied period, and in the fresh subory – the system is formed at the age of up to 40 years. By the values of the coefficients of variation, the structural stability of plantations on water-glacial deposits decreases with age. It is established that identical or similar coefficients of variation are recorded in all age groups. Thus, all this time the proportion of anomalous components of radial growth increases, the plantations are structurally unstable and more vulnerable to environmental factors. According to that it can be asserted that in fresh bory, in fact, stable, internally balanced Scots pine stands are not formed in practice, while in fresh subory pine stands are organized in a single phytosystem only after 60 years.Наведено результати досліджень стану лісових насаджень сосни звичайної різного віку на водно-льодовикових відкладах у Житомирському Поліссі. За фітоіндикаційним аналізом охарактеризовано типи лісорослинних умов як свіжі бори та свіжі субори. Встановлено, що у свіжих борах за І класом Крафта ростуть близько 40 % дерев, а у свіжих суборах – близько 50 %. До І класу товарності належить 30 % дерев у свіжих борах та 47 % дерев від загальної їх кількості у свіжих суборах. Частка ослаблих, всихаючих і відмерлих дерев у свіжих борах становить 35,5 %, а у свіжих суборах – 54,3 %. Виявлено, що абсолютні значення величин річних кілець дерев зменшуються із збільшенням віку сосни звичайної: у свіжих борах – на 28,0 %, у свіжих суборах – на 50,5 %. Встановлено, що найвужчі річні кільця характерні для насаджень свіжих борів, а найширші – для деревостанів, що ростуть у багатших умовах (свіжий субір). Максимальні значення приросту річних кілець зареєстровано для стиглих та перестійних деревостанів, незалежно від лісорослинних умов. Щорічний радіальний приріст сосни звичайної змінюється у межах 1,19–3,94 мм. За розрахунковими значеннями стандартного відхилення та коефіцієнта варіації можна стверджувати, що у свіжих борах фактично не формуються стійкі, внутрішньо збалансовані деревостани сосни звичайної, а у свіжих суборах соснові деревостани організовуються в єдину фітосистему лише після 60-ти років

The problems of psychological adaptation of first – year students to the educational process

The article deals with the issues of psychological adaptation of first-year students of the University to the new educational and social environment. The data of the survey conducted among students in order to identify problems of adaptation are given and the ways of providing psychological and pedagogical support to students for their successful educational activities in the conditions of the University for their professional and personal development are named.В статье рассматриваются вопросы психологической адаптации первокурсников университета к новой образовательной и социальной среде. Приведены данные анкетирования, проведенного среди обучающихся с целью выявления проблем адаптации, названы способы оказания психолого–педагогической поддержки студентам для осуществления ими успешной учебной деятельности в условиях вуза, для их профессионального и личностного становления

Dynamics of cumulating of metronidazole in the gut wall on a model of mechanical ileus.

The frequency of acute intestinal obstruction in relation to urgent surgical diseases in Ukraine remains high and reaches 3.8-6%. In the postoperative period, such patients develop a high number of severe purulent-septic complications. For the prevention and treatment of purulent-septic complications, various combinations of antibiotics with metronidazole are used. On the model of experimental mechanical ileus, the ability of the modified bowel wall to retain metronidazole was determined. The experiment was performed on 20 lines of the "Vistar" line in which the mechanical model of the ileus was formed. The results of the study showed that the accumulation of metronidazole in the phlegmonous-altered gut wall at therapeutic concentrations occurs within the first 24 hours and is of a short-term nature. The lack of the possibility of cumulating of antibacterial drugs by the wall of the inflamed gut after 24 hours contributes to the development of purulent complications

Dynamics of cumulating of metronidazole in the gut wall on a model of mechanical ileus.

The frequency of acute intestinal obstruction in relation to urgent surgical diseases in Ukraine remains high and reaches 3.8-6%. In the postoperative period, such patients develop a high number of severe purulent-septic complications. For the prevention and treatment of purulent-septic complications, various combinations of antibiotics with metronidazole are used. On the model of experimental mechanical ileus, the ability of the modified bowel wall to retain metronidazole was determined. The experiment was performed on 20 lines of the "Vistar" line in which the mechanical model of the ileus was formed. The results of the study showed that the accumulation of metronidazole in the phlegmonous-altered gut wall at therapeutic concentrations occurs within the first 24 hours and is of a short-term nature. The lack of the possibility of cumulating of antibacterial drugs by the wall of the inflamed gut after 24 hours contributes to the development of purulent complications

The results of treatment of patients with an acute cholecystitis and perivesical complications

Objective. To improve the quality of diagnosis and results of treatment in patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis, complicated by formation of perivesicular infiltrate, abscess and Mirizzi’s syndrome. Materials and methods. Results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 694 patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis, ageing 38 - 87 yrs old, admitted to the clinic in 2010 - 2019 yrs, were analyzed. The examination have included general clinical investigation, biochemical investigations of the blood, ultrasonographic investigation of a gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts, and in accordance to certain indications – computer tomography, papilloscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography. Results. Of 694 patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis in 541 (78.0%) perivesical complications were revealed. In 215 (31.0%) patients perivesical infiltrate was formed, while in 76 (11.0%) – perivesical abscess. In 250 (36.0%) patients an acute cholecystitis have developed on background of obturation jaundice, caused by choledocholithiasis in 138 patients, while in 98 patients Mirizzi’s syndrome Type I was diagnosed, and in 14 - Mirizzi’s syndrome Type II. Of 215 patients with an acute cholecystitis and perivesical infiltrate in 84 laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed after course of antibacterial therapy, while in 131 patients – open cholecystectomy. In all 76 patients with perivesical abscess open cholecystectomy was performed. Of 138 patients, suffering obturation jaundice on background of choledocholithiasis in 82 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with simultaneous lithoextraction and subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy was conducted. In 56 patients naso-biliary drainage was installed and was held in place till calculi from common biliary duct have gone away and subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed. Of 98 patients with an acute cholecystitis and confirmed Mirizzi’s syndrome Type I in 95 laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed, while in 3 – the open one. Of 14 patients, suffering Mirizzi’s syndrome Type II, in 10 open operation was done with sanation of biliary ducts and plasty of a common biliary duct defect, while in 4 – laparoscopic cholecystocholedocholithotomy with restoration of the bile physiological passage. Conclusion. In 78.0% patients with an acute cholecystitis perivesical complications were diagnosed. Of 531 patients with perivesical infiltrate, choledocholithiasis and Mirizzi’s syndrome in 321 (60.5%) laparoscopic operations on biliary ducts were accomplished. Open laparotomy was performed in 210 (39.5%) patients. In all the patients, suffering Mirizzi’s syndrome of both Types, physiologic passage of bile was preserved

Combined QCD and electroweak analysis of HERA data

A simultaneous fit of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and electroweak parameters to HERA data on deep inelastic scattering is presented. The input data are the neutral current and charged current inclusive cross sections which were previously used in the QCD analysis leading to the HERAPDF2.0 PDFs. In addition, the polarisation of the electron beam was taken into account for the ZEUS data recorded between 2004 and 2007. Results on the vector and axial-vector couplings of the Z boson to u- and d-type quarks, on the value of the electroweak mixing angle and the mass of the W boson are presented. The values obtained for the electroweak parameters are in agreement with Standard Model predictions.Comment: 32 pages, 10 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. D. Small corrections from proofing process and small change to Fig. 12 and Table

Limits on the effective quark radius from inclusive epep scattering at HERA

The high-precision HERA data allows searches up to TeV scales for Beyond the Standard Model contributions to electron-quark scattering. Combined measurements of the inclusive deep inelastic cross sections in neutral and charged current $ep$ scattering corresponding to a luminosity of around 1 fb$^{-1}$ have been used in this analysis. A new approach to the beyond the Standard Model analysis of the inclusive $ep$ data is presented; simultaneous fits of parton distribution functions together with contributions of "new physics" processes were performed. Results are presented considering a finite radius of quarks within the quark form-factor model. The resulting 95% C.L. upper limit on the effective quark radius is $0.43\cdot 10^{-16}$ cm.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Lett.

Search for a narrow baryonic state decaying to pKS0{pK^0_S} and pˉKS0{\bar{p}K^0_S} in deep inelastic scattering at HERA

A search for a narrow baryonic state in the $pK^0_S$ and $\bar{p}K^0_S$ system has been performed in $ep$ collisions at HERA with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 358 pb$^{-1}$ taken in 2003-2007. The search was performed with deep inelastic scattering events at an $ep$ centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV for exchanged photon virtuality, $Q^2$, between 20 and 100 $\rm{} GeV^{2}$. Contrary to evidence presented for such a state around 1.52 GeV in a previous ZEUS analysis using a sample of 121 pb$^{-1}$ taken in 1996-2000, no resonance peak was found in the $p(\bar{p})K^0_S$ invariant-mass distribution in the range 1.45-1.7 GeV. Upper limits on the production cross section are set.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Lett. B. Minor changes from journal reviewing process, including a small correction to figure

Measurement of the cross-section ratio sigma_{psi(2S)}/sigma_{J/psi(1S)} in deep inelastic exclusive ep scattering at HERA

The exclusive deep inelastic electroproduction of $\psi(2S)$ and $J/\psi(1S)$ at an $ep$ centre-of-mass energy of 317 GeV has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA in the kinematic range $2 < Q^2 < 80$ GeV$^2$, $30 < W < 210$ GeV and $|t| < 1$ GeV$^2$, where $Q^2$ is the photon virtuality, $W$ is the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy and $t$ is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex. The data for $2 < Q^2 < 5$ GeV$^2$ were taken in the HERA I running period and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 114 pb$^{-1}$. The data for $5 < Q^2 < 80$ GeV$^2$ are from both HERA I and HERA II periods and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 468 pb$^{-1}$. The decay modes analysed were $\mu^+\mu^-$ and $J/\psi(1S) \,\pi^+\pi^-$ for the $\psi(2S)$ and $\mu^+\mu^-$ for the $J/\psi(1S)$. The cross-section ratio $\sigma_{\psi(2S)}/\sigma_{J/\psi(1S)}$ has been measured as a function of $Q^2, W$ and $t$. The results are compared to predictions of QCD-inspired models of exclusive vector-meson production.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figure

Measurement of neutral current e+/-p cross sections at high Bjorken x with the ZEUS detector

The neutral current e+/-p cross section has been measured up to values of Bjorken x of approximately 1 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 187 inv. pb of e-p and 142 inv. pb of e+p collisions at sqrt(s) = 318GeV. Differential cross sections in x and Q2, the exchanged boson virtuality, are presented for Q2 geq 725GeV2. An improved reconstruction method and greatly increased amount of data allows a finer binning in the high-x region of the neutral current cross section and leads to a measurement with much improved precision compared to a similar earlier analysis. The measurements are compared to Standard Model expectations based on a variety of recent parton distribution functions.Comment: 39 pages, 9 figure