Synthesis and Characterization of Cube-Shaped Cu2O Nanoparticles for Heat Transfer Enhancement Application

This project studies on the synthesis of cube-shaped cuprous oxide nanoparticles and evaluation of thermophysical properties of the nanofluid containing synthesized nanoparticles for heat transfer applications. Nanofluids are proven to have higher potential as a cooling medium in heat transfer applications due to its high thermal conductivity property. However, the nanofluids are not stable as the nanoparticles are not well dispersed and forms two layers. Shape of the nanoparticle is also an important factor in ensuring enhanced thermophysical properties of the nanofluid. Hence, in this project, cube-shaped cuprous oxide nanoparticles are synthesized because cube shape has high surface area to volume ratio. A two-step method is chosen as the procedure to prepare the cuprous oxide nanofluid which first focuses on the synthesis of the cuprous oxide nanoparticles in powder form using different bases and continued with the preparation of nanofluid using methanol as the base fluid. The thermophysical properties of the prepared nanofluid is then evaluated to determine the thermal conductivity, viscosity and density

Practical quantum cryptography for secure free-space communications

Quantum Cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the inviolability of the laws of quantum mechanics and information – theoretically secure post- processing methods. An adversary can neither successfully tap the quantum transmissions, nor evade detection, owing to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In this paper we describe the theory of quantum cryptography and the most recent results from our experimental free space system with which we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of quantum key generation over a point-to-point outdoor atmospheric path in daylight. We achieved a transmission distance of 0.5km which was limited only by the length of the test range. Our results provide strong evidence that cryptographic key material could be generated on the demand between a ground station and a satellite (or between two satellites), allowing a satellite to be securely re-keyed on orbit. We present a feasibility analysis of surface-to-satellite quantum key generation

Synthesis and Characterization of Cube-Shaped Cu2O Nanoparticles for Heat Transfer Enhancement Application

This project studies on the synthesis of cube-shaped cuprous oxide nanoparticles and evaluation of thermophysical properties of the nanofluid containing synthesized nanoparticles for heat transfer applications. Nanofluids are proven to have higher potential as a cooling medium in heat transfer applications due to its high thermal conductivity property. However, the nanofluids are not stable as the nanoparticles are not well dispersed and forms two layers. Shape of the nanoparticle is also an important factor in ensuring enhanced thermophysical properties of the nanofluid. Hence, in this project, cube-shaped cuprous oxide nanoparticles are synthesized because cube shape has high surface area to volume ratio. A two-step method is chosen as the procedure to prepare the cuprous oxide nanofluid which first focuses on the synthesis of the cuprous oxide nanoparticles in powder form using different bases and continued with the preparation of nanofluid using methanol as the base fluid. The thermophysical properties of the prepared nanofluid is then evaluated to determine the thermal conductivity, viscosity and density

A community-based study to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for osteoporosis among menopausal and pre-menopausal women

Background: To determine the prevalence of osteoporosis among pre and post menopausal women using quantitative ultrasound of calcaneal bone and to identify the risk factors associated with osteoporosis.Methods: This prospective community based epidemiological study was conducted during 2019 in a suburban area attached to Sri Muthu Kumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai. 305 subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using a structured questionnaire, demographic details, obstetric, gynaecological and medical history were collected. Quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneal bone was used to calculate the bone mineral density. Using statistical methods, risk factors for osteoporosis were analysed.Results: The mean age of the participants was 52.67±9.41 years, 62.2% were post menopausal and 37.38% were premenopausal. The BMD ‘T’ score was normal in 29.8%, osteopenia was diagnosed in 38.4% and osteoporosis in 31.8% of participants. 14% of premenopausal women and 42.4% of postmenopausal women were osteoporotic. Age, menopausal status, duration of menopause, and previous history of fractures emerged as significant risk factors for osteoporosis.Conclusions: The prevalence of osteoporosis is high among both pre-menopausal and menopausal women, but the awareness is limited. This study highlights the need for screening all women after the age of 40 years which is feasible using portable and easily available technology such as quantitative ultrasound of peripheral bones

Knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer prevention and HPV vaccination among medical and nursing students in a tertiary care hospital

Background: This study was done to assess the level of knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention among medical and nursing students. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during 2022 in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. The study included 407 subjects; 224 medical students, and 183 nursing students and consent was obtained from each participant prior to the study. A questionnaire survey was used to assess their knowledge on cervical cancer and its prevention. Results: Out of the 407 participants, 95.5% of the medical students and 30.6% of the nursing students knew that HPV virus causes cervical cancer. Medical students had more knowledge on risk factors. 84.38% of medical students and 43.72% of nursing students were aware that vaccine is available for the prevention of cervical cancer. Overall nursing students had limited knowledge on cervical cancer and its prevention. 51.79% of the medical students and 27.87% of the nursing students acquired their knowledge about HPV vaccine through social media. The uptake of HPV vaccine was very low among both medical and nursing students. Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrate that there is a need for creating more awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention among medical and nursing students

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

INSIGHT INTO THE MOLECULAR INTERACTION OF ANTI MALARIAL COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL CHORISMATE SYNTHASE INHIBITORS

ABSTRACTObjective: The study is focused and directed towards a promising gateway for novel inhibitor designing against malaria.Methods: Homology model was built for both ON-state and OFF-state of Plasmodium falciparum chorismate synthase (PfCS) protein. Around 240antimalarial compounds were docked into the active site of PfCS to understand the interaction and binding affinity. Virtual screening was carried outbased on docking score, molecular properties, drug likeliness and bioactivity toward lead molecule selection.Results: Based on these properties out of 240 compounds, we found the best fit ligand idarubicin interacting with Arg46, Lys60, Glu86, Arg483 and Arg491of ON state PfCS, with a high docking score of -13.7. The stability of complex and hydrogen bonds were analysed with molecular dynamic simulations. InOFF state also idarubicin interacting with a docking score of -15.2 and interacting residues was found to be Ser16, Glu86, Gly126, Arg127 and Arg491.Conclusion: Malaria, a cataclysmic disease caused by protozoan parasite P. falciparum is a leading disease and cause of death in many of the developingcountries. CS is an enzyme, which plays a major role in the aromatic amino acid biosynthesis of the shikimate pathway. Inhibition of PfCS protein is reportedto affect the growth and survival of the parasite. In this study, idarubicin compound shows anti-parasitic activity and high binding affinity towards PfCS.Keywords: Homology model, Drug likeliness, Shikimate pathway, Idarubicin

Efficient In vitro plant regeneration through leaf base derived callus cultures of abiotic stress sensitive popular Asian Indica rice cultivar IR 64 (Oryza sativa L.)

A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for high frequency plant regeneration through callus cultures derived from leaf bases of abiotic stress sensitive Asian indica rice variety IR 64. Leaf base segments (4–5 mm diameter) were obtained from 6-day-old dark grown seedlings germinated on halfstrength Murashige and Skoog medium and cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.2–18 μM) and Kinetin (0.2–1.7 μM). Among the various combinations, 13.5 μM 2,4-D and 1.3 μM Kn resulted in high callus induction frequency (87.5%) with a maximum fresh weight of 0.22 g per segment. The regeneration frequency was 75.5% with multiple shoots within 3 weeks of transfer on MS medium supplemented with 13.3 μM 6-benzylamino purine and 8 μM Naphthaleneacetic acid. The shoots readily rooted on half-strength MS medium without any hormonal supplements. In vitro regenerated plantlets with multiple shoots and roots were transferred to sterile soil and vermiculite mix and maintained in shade house for 30 days. Complete plantlets were then transferred to nursery and acclimatized to the external environment until seed set. RAPD profile reveals monomorphism and thus confirming the genetic stability of the regenerated plants. This method has the potential for both direct as well as indirect method of transformation for the production of genetically modified plants

A reconfigurable multiband nano-antenna design for photonic applications

The Antenna that comprises metal patches set on the Dielectric which is given by coplanar transmission line is known to be a patch antenna. It can also be known as Microstrip patch antenna. The foremost downside is the efficiency of the antenna. A M-patch antenna includes a patch i.e a radiating patch, ground plane on one side and a thin flat metallic region on the other side of dielectric substrate. There are various feed methods such as offset feed, centre feed, inset feed and quarter wave line feed. Microstrip patch antennas have better advantages over conventional antennas. In this paper we develop Multiband Antenna for photonic application. The proposed antenna is designed in a patch model. And in the patch, a cylindrical shape graphene is placed over the patch in which we use this for photonic application. And this antenna is designed in flexible material such as copper tape, Kaptonmaterial and nano materials. Nano based cylindrical antenna was not done previously.In this, we have achieved a gain of 8dB which is comparatively better with other antenna after many implementation

A Reconfigurable Multiband Nano-antenna Design for Photonic Applications

The Antenna that comprises metal patches set on the Dielectric which is given by coplanar transmission line is known to be a patch antenna. It can also be known as Microstrip patch antenna. The foremost downside is the efficiency of the antenna. A M-patch antenna includes a patch i.e a radiating patch, ground plane on one side and a thin flat metallic region on the other side of dielectric substrate. There are various feed methods such as offset feed, centre feed, inset feed and quarter wave line feed. Microstrip patch antennas have better advantages over conventional antennas. In this paper we develop Multiband Antenna for photonic application. The proposed antenna is designed in a patch model. And in the patch, a cylindrical shape graphene is placed over the patch in which we use this for photonic application. And this antenna is designed in flexible material such as copper tape, Kaptonmaterial and nano materials. Nano based cylindrical antenna was not done previously.In this, we have achieved a gain of 8dB which is comparatively better with other antenna after many implementation