Digital Technologies in Youth Career Guidance Management for Professions of the Agricultural and Industrial Complex of the Sverdlovsk Region

The research is aimed at finding ways to effectively integrate traditional career guidance approaches and the capabilities of digital platforms working in the field of youth policy management in the Sverdlovsk region. The ways of intersection of interests of universities and youth policy management bodies in the emerging unified Internet space are outlined. The analysis of digital transformation process in the field of career guidance is carried out. The possibilities of the main federal information platforms in the field of youth work and their effectiveness in terms of indicators are presented: the number of events, the coverage of participants and, what is important for us- the project activities of young people with a career-oriented component. The article provides examples of social projects that already have a digital footprint and a sufficiently large involvement of schoolchildren and students of the Sverdlovsk region. The educational component containing elements of career guidance, which can be further strengthened, is of particular interest. The ways of creating a territorial multilevel digital model of youth career guidance of the Sverdlovsk region are outlined. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.A major social project involving schoolchildren was carried out by the Ural SAU in partnership with the Sverdlovsk regional branch of the All-Russian Public Youth Organization "All-Russian Student Rescue Corps", with the support of the Autonomous Non-profit Organization "Resource Center for the Support of Volunteering in the Field of Safety Culture and Disaster Response Sverdlovsk region", and the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Sverdlovsk region. The form of career guidance work through the joint participation of schoolchildren and students in such projects shows the social significance of joint actions, creates a community of like-minded people and helps to attract schoolchildren to the university

Current achievements in modifying crop genes using CRISPR/Cas system

With the advent of the new genome editing tool of target-specifically customizable endonucleases, a huge variety of novel opportunities have become feasible. The crop improvement is one of the main applications of genome editing in plant science and plant biotechnology. The amount of publications referring to genome editing and CRISPR/Cas system based molecular tools application in crops is permanently growing. The aim of this study is the systematization and cataloging of these data. Earlier we published the first catalog of targeted crop genome modifications as of February 10, 2017. The current review is an update of the catalog; it covers research papers on crop genome modifications from February 10, 2017 to August 17, 2018, found by searching 47 crop names in the Scopus database. Over one year and a half, 377 articles mentioning CRISPR/Cas and crop names have been published, of which 131 articles describe an experimental application of this tool for editing 193 genes in 19 crops, including rice with the largest number of genes modified (109 genes). Editing 50 of 193 genes was aimed at crop improvement. The catalog presented here includes these 50 genes, specifying the cultivars, each gene and gene product function, modification type and delivery method used. The current full list of genes modified with CRISPR/Cas with the aim of crop improvement is 81 in 16 crops (for 5 years from August 2013 to August 2018). In this paper, we also summarize data on different modifications types in different crops and provide a brief review of some novel methods and approaches that have appeared in crop genome editing research over the reviewed period. Taken together, these data provide a clear view on current progress in crop genome modifications and traits improvement using CRISPR/Cas based genome editing technology

Stimulating of entrepreneurs’ innovative activity in the Republic of Bashkortostan

The article views some aspects of promoting innovative activity in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The measures stimulating innovative activity have been grouped into blocks.1. Creating favorable conditions for innovative activity. 2. Increasing the population’s innovative activity. 3. Development of the system of scientific and production cooperation and innovation commercialization. 4. Investment support of innovative projects. 5. Development of innovative infrastructure. 6. Development of innovative small businesses. 7. Information provision of innovative activity. The main directions of implementing the above-mentioned conditions are: - lawmaking activity in the Republic, taking into consideration the federal legislation, international standards and traditions; - financial and tax inducement of scientific-technical and innovative activity; - international technological integration; - private-state partnership in the sphere of innovative activity. Recommendations are suggested, relating to the innovative policy activation for more efficient fulfillment of the key functions of the Republic’s scientific and research sector. The authors conclude that the Republic has all necessary preconditions for small entrepreneurship functioning: the natural conditions favorable for many kinds of economic activity, the forming local market infrastructure for small business servicing, and the availability of large enterprises and centers of economic activity.Keywords: entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, innovation, innovative activity, region, infrastructure, investments, stimulation, monitoring

Изменение активности лизосомальных цистеиновых протеаз плазмы, моноядерных и полиморфноядерных лейкоцитов крови при болезни Альцгеймера

Aim. To study the level of activity of lysosomal cysteine proteases (cathepsins H, B, L) in blood plasma and fractionated leukocytes (polymorphonuclear and mononuclear) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease in comparison with similar indicators in persons without signs of neurodegeneration as a possible marker of Alzheimer’s disease development and diagnosis.Materials and methods. The spectrofluorimetric study of cathepsins B, L, H activity level in plasma and fractionated leukocytes was conducted in 22 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in comparison with the same indicators in 22 patients matched by sex, age and associated diseases with patients of the observation group, but having no signs of neurodegeneration.Results. The activity of all three enzymes, and especially cathepsin H, increased significantly in blood plasma.  A significant increase is also noted in the activity of cathepsins H, B, and L in homogenates of fractionated  leukocytes. At the same time, in both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes the greatest degree of changes is demonstrated by the activity of cathepsin B, and the least is the activity of cathepsin L. Given the available data on an increased cathepsin B activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, we can assume a correlation between the state of lysosomal proteases activity in the Central nervous system and in the peripheral blood cells.Conclusion. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with increased activity of cysteine cathepsins in plasma, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes of peripheral blood, which can be considered as one of the possible markers of development and diagnosis of the disease.  Цель. Изучить уровень активности лизосомальных цистеиновых протеиназ (катепсинов H, B, L) в плазме крови и фракционированных лейкоцитах (полиморфноядерных и моноядерных) пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера в сравнении с аналогичными показателями у лиц, не имеющих признаков нейродегенерации, как возможный маркер развития и диагностики болезни Альцгеймера.Материалы и методы. Проведено спектрофлуориметрическое исследование уровня активности катепсинов B, L, H в плазме крови и фракционированных лейкоцитах 22 пациентов с диагнозом «Болезнь Альцгеймера» в сравнении с аналогичными показателями 22 пациентов, сопоставимых по полу, возрасту и сопутствующим заболеваниям с пациентами группы наблюдения, но не имеющих  признаков нейродегенерации.Результаты. В плазме крови статистически значимо повышена активность всех трех ферментов, в наибольшей степени – активности катепсина Н. В гомогенатах фракционированных лейкоцитов также отмечается статистически значимое повышение активности катепсинов Н, B, L, при этом как в полиморфноядерных, так и в моноядерных лейкоцитах в наибольшей степени изменяется активность катепсина В, наименьшей –катепсина L. Учитывая имеющиеся данные о повышении активности катепсина В в цереброспинальной жидкости пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера, можно предположить взаимосвязь между состоянием активности лизосомальных протеиназ в центральной нервной системе и периферических клетках крови.Заключение. Болезнь Альцгеймера ассоциирована с нарастанием активности цистеиновых катепсинов в плазме, полиморфноядерных и моноядерных лейкоцитах периферической крови, что может рассматриваться как один из возможных маркеров развития и диагностики заболевания

Spectroscopy of Helium Isotope 6He

The excited states of heavy helium isotope 6He were studied in stopped pion absorption in the reactions 9Be

Molecular basis for recognition of the Group A Carbohydrate backbone by the PlyC streptococcal bacteriophage endolysin

Endolysins are peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases that function as part of the bacteriophage (phage) lytic system to release progeny phage at the end of a replication cycle. Notably, endolysins alone can produce lysis without phage infection, which offers an attractive alternative to traditional antibiotics. Endolysins from phage that infect Gram-positive bacterial hosts contain at least one enzymatically active domain (EAD) responsible for hydrolysis of PG bonds and a cell wall binding domain (CBD) that binds a cell wall epitope, such as a surface carbohydrate, providing some degree of specificity for the endolysin. Whilst the EADs typically cluster into conserved mechanistic classes with well-defined active sites, relatively little is known about the nature of the CBDs and only a few binding epitopes for CBDs have been elucidated. The major cell wall components of many streptococci are the polysaccharides that contain the polyrhamnose (pRha) backbone modified with species-specific and serotype-specific glycosyl side chains. In this report, using molecular genetics, microscopy, flow cytometry and lytic activity assays, we demonstrate the interaction of PlyCB, the CBD subunit of the streptococcal PlyC endolysin, with the pRha backbone of the cell wall polysaccharides, Group A Carbohydrate (GAC) and serotype c-specific carbohydrate (SCC) expressed by the Group A Streptococcus and Streptococcus mutans, respectively

Cellulases from Mycelial fungi <em>Penicillium verruculosum</em> as a Real Alternative to Trichoderma Enzymes in Industrial Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Biomass

Abstract The possibility of using the recipient strain Penicillium verruculosum B1-537 (ΔniaD) as a producer of laboratory and industrial enzymes was considered. The advantage of this strain is its ability to secrete a basic cellulase complex consisting of cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidase, which exceeds in its hydrolytic ability the enzyme complex of Hypocrea (Trichoderma) strains. Using the expression system, the basic complex of cellulases of the recipient strain Piptochaetium verruculosum B1-537 (ΔniaD) was supplemented with new (booster) enzymes that are necessary to increase its hydrolytic activity. Enzyme preparations adapted to the processing of various types of renewable plant biomass were obtained