Analytical review of methods for the determination of nitrogen oxides in tobacco and nicotine containing products

Reducing the toxicity of tobacco products is a pressing issue today. Manufacturers offer consumers innovative types of nicotine containing products, such as electric tobacco heating systems, as an alternative to traditional cigarettes. This type of nicotine containing products differs from cigarettes, i.e. the ECNT has a different way of consumption, which is the formation of the dispersed phase, which consists of the smallest solid particles in the absence of combustion by heating the filler. The presence of innovative products requires on the market evaluating and monitoring the quality of products, therefore, it is necessary to develop or improve existing methods to identify potentially harmful components for the body, including nitrogen oxides (NO, NOx), which are part of the generated aerosol. This paper presents a characteristic of nitrogen oxides (NO, NOx), reviews the formation process, toxic properties affecting the body, as well as an overview of the methods for determining nitrogen oxides using a smoking machine and chemiluminescent gas analyzer. The level of nitrogen oxides content (NO, NOx) in the gaseous phase of tobacco products aerosol compared with the content of nitrogen oxides in the gaseous phase of tobacco smoke of control cigarette 3R4F is also given. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of regulatory documentation for the regulation of innovative products. There is no generally accepted approach in the sphere of standard setting for regulation of innovative nicotine containing products at the present time and it is under development. The article substantiates the need to develop and implement in the national standard for tobacco heated methodology for determining nitrogen oxides

К 100-летнему юбилею Ирины Николаевны Крюковой, доктора биологических наук, заслуженного работника здравоохранения Российской Федерации (1920–2013)

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The realization of the concept of flexicurity in atypical employment relationships

The article discusses a reflection of the concept of flexicurity in the rules governing the non-standard employment relationships. The authors analyze the different national models of flexicurity (Danish, Dutch, Austrian and Estonian) and indicate that the effective model of flexicurity shall ensure a balance between the flexibility and security, the need for which is revealed most fully in the conditions of atypical employment distribution. It is stated that every country is looking for its own ways to achieve this balance, and it is invited to consider the interaction of flexibility and security on the example of atypical employment relations in the Russian Federation. To this end, it is given the characteristic of atypical employment and highlighted its forms; a more detailed analysis is made for such atypical employment relations as fixed-term employment, part-time employment, teleworking and agency work. Each of these forms has both the rules, providing the flexibility of legal regulation, and the "protective" rules. It is concluded that the rules governing the non-standard employment relationships should be formulated in such a way as to enable to provide adequate flexibility and security in the legal regulation of employment relations, providing everyone with the right to decent work. It is in this vein we see the further development of the Russian labor legislation

The World Experience and a Unified Model for Government Regulation of Development of the Automotive Industry

The article summarises the advanced world experience in government regulation of the automotive industry using the example of the leading automotive manufacturing countries – China, Japan, India, South Korea, the USA, and the European Union. Leading approach to the study of this problem is the comparative method that has afforded revealing peculiarities of the primary measures applied by governments of the world to regulate the automotive industry have been identified. A unified model for government regulation of the automotive industry has been elaborated. The presented model contains a set of measures for government support for the automotive industry depending on the life cycle stage (inception, growth, stabilisation, top position, stagnation, decline, crisis) of the automotive industry and the level (high, medium, low) of competitiveness of automotive enterprises

Influence of Psychological Training of Athletes on the Formation of the Personality of Youth Students

В статье раскрыты аспекты психологической подготовки спортсменов, занимающихся различными видами единоборств, и обосновано благотворное влияние данных видов спорта на формирование личности студенческой молодежи. Проведено исследование на студентах УрГУПС и результаты, полученные в ходе анкетирования, говорят о том, что самыми приоритетными качествами, которые воспитываются на практических занятиях различными видами единоборств, это уверенность в себе, внимание, терпение, упорство, чувство ответственности и скорость реакции. Доказано, что любой вид единоборств воспитывает такие качества личности студента, которые в дальнейшем способствуют эффективным действиям и противодействиям, как на спортивной арене, так и в будущей профессиональной деятельности будущих специалистов.The article reveals aspects of the psychological preparation of athletes involved in various types of martial arts, and substantiates the effective influence of these sports on the formation of the personality of student youth. A study was conducted on students of USUPS and the results obtained during the survey indicate that the highest priority qualities that are brought up in practical classes in various types of martial arts are self-confidence, attention, patience, perseverance, a sense of responsibility and speed of reaction. It is proved that any kind of martial arts brings up such qualities of a student's personality, which further contribute to effective actions and counteractions, both in the sports arena and in the future professional activities of future specialists

Modern Techniques for Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy

Cervical cancer is a socially significant illness often impacting women of reproductive and working age. The patients’ young age and social activity warrant the development of effective and safe therapies.The past decades have witnessed the novel radiation techniques to contain cervical cancer: 3DCRT-3D, IMRT, and VMAT, adaptive radiotherapy, CT/MRI-guided intracavitary radiation, combined interstitial and intracavitary radiation, abandoning intracavitary intervention for external beam delivery with sequential or concurrent cervical dose escalation, under brachytherapy unfeasible.Modern equipment and treatment planning systems allow a high dose delivery to the tumour and intracavitary treatment with visual control of the target and organs at risk. Combining of intracavitary and interstitial radiotherapy enables a better dose coverage of the target at a minimal radiation impact on organs at risk.Phasing-out of intracavitary for external radiotherapy may enable a cancericide dose delivery to the tumour under intractable intracavitary treatment.The major goal of technic novelties is the establishment of personalised radiotherapy for improving treatment outcomes and reducing the incidence and/or severity of radiation side effects. The article overviews the radiotherapy techniques for cervical cancer treatment and routes of their development

CHEMICAL AND RADIONUCLIDE ANALYSIS OF THE LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE FROM THE ACTIVE DRAINS’ TANKS OF THE JOINT STOCK COMPANY “INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS” (JSC “INM”)

Chemical and radionuclide composition of the liquid radioactive waste from the active drains’ tanks of the JSC ―INM‖ was analysed. Based upon the obtained results, sorbents were selected for testing on liquid radioactive waste

Occupational Safety Culture

В данной статье поднимается актуальная проблема культуры безопасности труда. Даются определения двум взаимосвязанным понятиям: охрана труда и культура охраны труда. Приводится краткая история появления концепции культуры безопасности труда. В работе говорится о современном состоянии общества и качестве охраны труда, а также о перспективах развития данного направления. На основе изученных данных были выявлены 2 составляющие культуры безопасности труда, методы и способы ее внедрения и реализации в современные предприятия.This article raises the actual pr oblem of occupational safety culture. Definitions of two interrelated concepts are given: occupational health and safety culture. A brief history of the emergence of the concept of occupational safety culture is given. The paper deals with the current stat e of society and the quality of labor protection, as well as the prospects for the development of this area. On the basis of the studied data, 2 components of the occupational safety culture, methods and methods of its implementation and implementation in modern enterprises were identified

Reflecting on Hybrid Events: Learning from a Year of Hybrid Experiences

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a sudden shift to virtual work and events, with the last two years enabling an appropriated and rather simulated togetherness - the hybrid mode. As we return to in-person events, it is important to reflect on not only what we learned about technologies and social justice, but about the types of events we desire, and how to re-design them accordingly. This SIG aims to reflect on hybrid events and their execution: scaling them across sectors, communities, and industries; considering trade-offs when choosing technologies; studying best practices and defining measures of "success"for hybrid events; and finally, identifying and charting the wider social, ethical, and legal implications of hybrid formats. This SIG will consolidate these topics by inviting participants to collaboratively reflect on previous hybrid experiences and what can be learned from them