Endothelial Wall Thickness, Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Inflammatory Markers In Obese And Non-obese Adolescents.

Increased carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) is considered a marker of early-onset atherosclerosis and it has been found in obese children and adolescents, but the risk factors associated with this population remain to be elucidated. To compare and verify the relationship between c-IMT, metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and non-obese children and adolescents. Thirty-five obese subjects (19 boys) and 18 non-obese subjects (9 boys), aged 10-16 years, were included. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and basal metabolic rate were evaluated. Serum glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin were assessed. c-IMT was measured by ultrasound. The results showed that c-IMT, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP values were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), adiponectin, and VO2max values were significantly lower in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The c-IMT was directly correlated with body weight, waist circumference, % body fat, and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with % free fat mass, HDL-c, and VO2max. Our findings show that c-IMT correlates not only with body composition, lipids, insulin resistance, and inflammation but also with low VO2max values in children and adolescents.1847-5

Endothelial wall thickness, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory markers in obese and non-obese adolescents

Background: Increased carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) is considered a marker of early-onset atherosclerosis and it has been found in obese children and adolescents, but the risk factors associated with this population remain to be elucidated. Objective : To compare and verify the relationship between c-IMT, metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and non-obese children and adolescents. Method : Thirty-five obese subjects (19 boys) and 18 non-obese subjects (9 boys), aged 10-16 years, were included. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and basal metabolic rate were evaluated. Serum glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin were assessed. c-IMT was measured by ultrasound. Results: The results showed that c-IMT, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP values were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), adiponectin, and VO2max values were significantly lower in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The c-IMT was directly correlated with body weight, waist circumference, % body fat, and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with % free fat mass, HDL-c, and VO2max. Conclusions : Our findings show that c-IMT correlates not only with body composition, lipids, insulin resistance, and inflammation but also with low VO2max values in children and adolescents

A relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in HSD11β1 and ADIPOQ genes and obesity related features in children and adolescents submitted on physical exercises

Obesity have overloaded the public health system and it is considered a multifactorial trait. This study aimed to verify if Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) in ADIPOQ (rs1501299) and HSD11β1 (rs12086634) genes influence the anthropometric and biochemical outcomes (Body Mass Index (BMI), Abdominal Circumference (AC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C), Triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC) and Glucose (Glu)) before and after practicing physical exercises training modalities, in a sample of 126 Southern Brazilian children and adolescents. Genotyping were performed by Taqman allelic discrimination. T carriers of rs1501299 had a higher BMI reduction (b*=0.28±0.12; p=1.70.10-2) and TT genotype of rs12086634 influence on AC reduction (b*=-0.33±0.13; p=1.24.10-2), independent of sex, age and modality of physical exercise. Ultimately, we observed an association of SNP of ADIPOQ and HSD11β1 gene with anthropometric variables early in life and the importance of physical exercise on biochemical and obesity related features.La obesidad ha sobrecargado el sistema de salud pública y es una característica multifactorial. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar si los polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNP) en los genes ADIPOQ (rs1501299) y HSD11β1 (rs12086634) influyen en los resultados antropométricos y bioquímicos (Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), Circunferencia Abdominal (CA), Lipoproteínas de Baja Densidad (LDL-C), Lipoproteínas de Alta Densidad (HDL-C), Triglicéridos (TG), Colesterol Total (TC) y Glucosa (Glu)) antes y después de practicar diferentes tipos de ejercicios físicos en una muestra de 126 niños y adolescentes brasileños. Los SNPs fueron idenficados mediante discriminación alélica usando sondas Taqman. Los portadores del alelo T del polimofismo rs1501299 del gen ADIPOQ tuvieron una mayor reducción del IMC (b*=0,28±0,12; p=1,70.10-2) y el genotipo TT del polimorfismo rs12086634 del gen HSD11β1 influencia en la reducción de AC (b*=-0,33±0,13; p=1,24.10-2), independiente de sexo, edad y modalidad de ejercicio físico. Por fin, observamos una asociación entre los SNPs de los genes ADIPOQ y HSD11β1 con variables antropométricas en las primeras etapas de la vida, así como la importancia del ejercicio físico sobre características bioquímicas y relacionadas con la obesidad.Obesity have overloaded the public health system and it is considered a multifactorial trait. This study aimed to verify if Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) in ADIPOQ (rs1501299) and HSD11β1 (rs12086634) genes influence the anthropometric and biochemical outcomes (Body Mass Index (BMI), Abdominal Circumference (AC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C), Triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC) and Glucose (Glu)) before and after practicing physical exercises training modalities, in a sample of 126 Southern Brazilian children and adolescents. Genotyping were performed by Taqman allelic discrimination. T carriers of rs1501299 had a higher BMI reduction (b*=0.28±0.12; p=1.70.10-2) and TT genotype of rs12086634 influence on AC reduction (b*=-0.33±0.13; p=1.24.10-2), independent of sex, age and modality of physical exercise. Ultimately, we observed an association of SNP of ADIPOQ and HSD11β1 gene with anthropometric variables early in life and the importance of physical exercise on biochemical and obesity related features

2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on the articulation and strategic contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of a close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. It is hoped that this document will strengthen the development of integrated actions against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research

Peak oxygen uptake responses to training in obese adolescents: a multilevel allometric framework to partition the influence of body size and maturity status

The influence of body size and maturation on the responses in peak oxygen uptake (VO2) to a 12-week aerobic training and nutritional intervention in obese boys (n = 30; 10-16 years) was examined using multilevel allometric regressions. Anthropometry, sexual maturity status, peak VO2, and body composition were measured pre- and postintervention. Significant decrements for body mass, body mass index z-score, and waist circumference and increments for stature, fat-free mass, and peak oxygen uptake were observed after intervention. Partitioning body size on peak VO2, the responses of the individuals to training were positive (11.8% to 12.7% for body mass; 7.6% to 8.1% for fat-free mass). Body mass and fat-free mass were found as significant explanatory variables, with an additional positive effect for chronological. The allometric coefficients (k') in the initial models were k' = 0.883 and k' = 1.058 for body mass and fat-free mass, respectively. The coefficients decreased when age was considered (k' = 0.530 for body mass; k' = 0.860 for fat-free mass). Including maturity indicator in the models was not significant, thus the influence of variability in sexual maturity status in responses to exercise-based intervention in peak VO2 may be mediated by the changes in body dimensions

Peak Oxygen Uptake Responses to Training in Obese Adolescents: A Multilevel Allometric Framework to Partition the Influence of Body Size and Maturity Status

The influence of body size and maturation on the responses in peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)) to a 12-week aerobic training and nutritional intervention in obese boys (n = 30; 10–16 years) was examined using multilevel allometric regressions. Anthropometry, sexual maturity status, peak VO(2), and body composition were measured pre- and postintervention. Significant decrements for body mass, body mass index z-score, and waist circumference and increments for stature, fat-free mass, and peak oxygen uptake were observed after intervention. Partitioning body size on peak VO(2), the responses of the individuals to training were positive (11.8% to 12.7% for body mass; 7.6% to 8.1% for fat-free mass). Body mass and fat-free mass were found as significant explanatory variables, with an additional positive effect for chronological. The allometric coefficients (k′) in the initial models were k′ = 0.883 and k′ = 1.058 for body mass and fat-free mass, respectively. The coefficients decreased when age was considered (k′ = 0.530 for body mass; k′ = 0.860 for fat-free mass). Including maturity indicator in the models was not significant, thus the influence of variability in sexual maturity status in responses to exercise-based intervention in peak VO(2) may be mediated by the changes in body dimensions

Endothelial wall thickness, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory markers in obese and non-obese adolescents

Background:Increased carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) is considered a marker of early-onset atherosclerosis and it has been found in obese children and adolescents, but the risk factors associated with this population remain to be elucidated.Objective : To compare and verify the relationship between c-IMT, metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and non-obese children and adolescents.Method : Thirty-five obese subjects (19 boys) and 18 non-obese subjects (9 boys), aged 10-16 years, were included. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and basal metabolic rate were evaluated. Serum glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin were assessed. c-IMT was measured by ultrasound.Results:The results showed that c-IMT, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP values were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), adiponectin, and VO2max values were significantly lower in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The c-IMT was directly correlated with body weight, waist circumference, % body fat, and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with % free fat mass, HDL-c, and VO2max.Conclusions : Our findings show that c-IMT correlates not only with body composition, lipids, insulin resistance, and inflammation but also with low VO2max values in children and adolescents.475

Effects of polymorphisms in APOB, APOE, HSD11β1, PLIN4, and ADIPOQ genes on lipid profile and anthropometric variables related to obesity in children and adolescents

Abstract Genes can influence lipid profile and anthropometric variables related to obesity. The present study aimed to verify if variants of the APOE, APOB, ADIPOQ, HSD11β1, and PLIN4 genes are associated with lipid levels or anthropometric variables in a sample comprised of 393 Euro-Brazilian children and adolescents. DNA was genotyped by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. The ε4 and ε2 alleles of the APOE gene were associated respectively with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p=0.015 and p=0.012, respectively), while the ε3 allele was associated with higher abdominal circumference (p=0.0416) and excess weight (p=0.0001). The G allele (rs846910) of the HSD11β1 gene was also associated with excess weight (p=0.039). No other association was found. Our results indicate that the ε4 and ε2 alleles could contribute to lower HDL-C and LDL-C levels, respectively, furthermore, the ε3 allele and the G allele (rs846910) of HSD11β1 gene may be risk factors for excess of weight.These findings are very important because we observed that some genetic variants influence the lipid profile and anthropometric variables early in life

A novel Pt2+ complex containing 1,4-benzodioxan-6-amine: Stability, DNA binding, and antitumor effects against human breast cancer cells

In this work, a new platinum(II) complex was prepared by the reaction of K2PtCl4 with 1,4-benzodioxan-6-amine (bda) at room temperature in the molar ratio 2:1 (L:M). The complex was characterized by physicochemical (elemental analysis, TGA/DTA, and conductivity measurements) and spectroscopic methods (UV–Vis, FTIR, 1H, 13C and 195Pt NMR). According to the spectroscopic data, two bda ligands coordinate to the platinum ion in a monodentate manner through the nitrogen atom to give the complex cis-[PtCl2(bda)2]. Stability studies were carried out under different conditions and showed that the complex is stable in pure DMF, although it undergoes slow solvolysis in DMSO. The interaction of this complex with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied using circular dichroism (CD), electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The complex binds to CT-DNA with a Kb value of 1.06 ​× ​103 ​M−1 and according to data from CD and fluorescence spectroscopy, appears to interact with DNA by electrostatic forces and or other no intercalative binding mode. Compared to cisplatin, the complex exhibited good cytotoxic activity and selectivity against the MCF-7 tumor cell line, displaying an IC50 value of 17.33 ​± ​1.1 ​μM, as well as inhibited MCF-7 ​cells migration