The genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in Western Malaysia

A survey for Xiphinema species in Serdang, the Puchong area and the Cameron Highlands (Malaysia) yielded eleven species, of which one new, described hereunder as X.winotoi n.sp. It is close to X.radicicola

Ontslag vanwege een hoofddoek; de arresten Achbita en Bougnaoui en de Nederlandse rechtspraktijk

Het Hof van Justitie heeft zich op 14 maart 2017 in twee verschillende zaken uitgesproken over het ontslag van een vrouwelijke werknemer vanwege het dragen van een islamitische hoofddoek. Naar beide arresten werd al enige tijd met spanning uitgekeken, onder meer vanwege de eerder gepubliceerde volkomen uiteenlopende conclusies van advocaten-generaal Kokott en Sharpston. Het Hof van Justitie lijkt veel ruimte te laten aan werkgevers om het dragen van religieuze symbolen op de werkplek te verbieden, mits zo’n verbod op een algemene en neutrale manier geformuleerd wordt. Er blijven echter veel vragen onbeantwoord en daardoor is onduidelijk hoe richtinggevend de arresten nu precies zijn.Effective Protection of Fundamental Rights in a pluralist worl

S04-04 OA. HIV-specific responses induced by anti-CD40 targeting antibodies

International audiencen.

P16-49. Broad types of cytokines secreted by Gag-specific T cells from HIV infected patients on HAART

International audiencen.

P17-23. Enhanced expression of HIV antigens and improved antigen presentation after infection with replication competent attenuated vaccinia virus in vitro

1 página.-- Presentación de póster presentation.-- Este artículo es parte del suplemento: AIDS Vaccine 2009.Peer reviewe

The impact of low erythrocyte density in human blood on the fitness and energetic reserves of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae

Background Anaemia is a common health problem in the developing world. This condition is characterized by a reduction in erythrocyte density, primarily from malnutrition and/or infectious diseases such as malaria. As red blood cells are the primary source of protein for haematophagous mosquitoes, any reduction could impede the ability of mosquito vectors to transmit malaria by influencing their fitness or that of the parasites they transmit. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of differences in the density of red blood cells in human blood on malaria vector (Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto) fitness. The hypotheses tested are that mosquito vector energetic reserves and fitness are negatively influenced by reductions in the red cell density of host human blood meals commensurate with those expected from severe anaemia. Methods Mosquitoes (An. gambiae s.s.) were offered blood meals of different packed cell volume(PCV) of human blood consistent with those arising from severe anaemia (15%) and normalPCV (50%). Associations between mosquito energetic reserves (lipid, glucose and glycogen)and fitness measures (reproduction and survival) and blood meal PCV were investigated. Results The amount of protein that malaria vectors acquired from blood feeding (indexed by haematin excretion) was significantly reduced at low blood PCV. However, mosquitoes feeding on blood of low PCV had the same oviposition rates as those feeding on blood of normal PCV, and showed an increase in egg production of around 15%. The long-term survival of An. gambiae s.s was reduced after feeding on low PCV blood, but PCV had no significant impact on the proportion of mosquitoes surviving through the minimal period required to develop and transmit malaria parasites (estimated as 14 days post-blood feeding). The impact of blood PCV on the energetic reserves of mosquitoes was relatively minor. Conclusions These results suggest that feeding on human hosts whose PCV has been depleted due to severe anaemia does not significantly reduce the fitness or transmission potential of malaria vectors, and indicates that mosquitoes may be able exploit resources for reproduction more efficiently from blood of low rather than normal PCV