Comparisons of Karcı and Shannon entropies and their effects on centrality of social networks

In order to measure the amount of different information in a system, entropy concept can be used. Graph entropy measures nodes’ contribution to the entropy of the graph. By this way, the influential actors can be identified. Due to this case, a new entropy-based method was proposed to identify the influential actors. Karcı entropy was applied to the social networks first time. The alpha parameter allowed us to combine many different conditions together when measuring in the network. The other important contribution of this paper is to predict the value of alpha parameter of Karcı entropy by using fuzzy logic. After that Karcı and Shannon entropies were compared based on experimental results. Moreover, Karcı entropy was compared to traditional centrality measures. If Karcı entropy definition is considered as a set of entropies, Shannon entropy can be regarded as an element of this set. Accordingly, it can be concluded that Karcı entropy is superior to Shannon entropy. © 201

Investigation of ground state tautomeric form of a heterocyclic disazo dye derived from barbituric acid by ab initio Hartree-Fock and density functional theory calculations

The optimized molecular structures, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 10 tautomeric forms of a heterocyclic disazo dye [5-(3-methyl-4-phenylazo-1H-pyrazole-5-ylazo) barbituric acid] have been calculated using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (B3LYP) methods with 6-31G(d, p) basis set level. Calculations have shown that the most probably preferential form of the heterocyclic disazo barbituric acid dye in the ground state is azo-hydrazo-keto form corresponding to the experimental results. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

An approach to the synthesis of chemically modified bisazocalix[4] arenes and their extraction properties

Bisazocalix[4]arenas [N,N'-bis(5-azo-25,26,27-tribenzoyloxy-28- hydroxycalix[4]arene)benzene (1), N,N'-bis(5-azo-25,26,27-tribenzoyloxy- 28-hydroxycalix [4]arene)biphenyl (2) and N,N'-bis(5-azo-25,26,27- tribenzoyloxy-28-hydroxycalix[4]arene)-2,2'-dinitro biphenyl (3)] have been synthesized from 25,26,27-tribenzoyloxy-28-hydroxycalix[4]arene by diazocoupling with the corresponding aromatic diamines (p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diamino biphenyl and 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-dinitrobiphenyl). Extraction studies of bisazocalix [4]arenes 1, 2, and 3 show no difference in their extraction behavior and selectivity, whereas azocalix[4]arenes are a poor extradant for heavy metal cations. The absorption spectra of the prepared bisazocalix[4]arenes are discussed, both the effect of varying pH and solvent upon the absorption ability of bisazocalix[4]arenes. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The synthesis, characterization and investigation of absorption properties of disperse disazo dyes containing pyrazole and isoxazole

In this study, new heterocyclic disazo disperse dyes, substituted with methyl, nitro and chloro groups at their o-, m-, p- positions were synthesized (4a-4j). These newly synthesized ten disazo disperse dyes were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral techniques. Spectroscopic data for novel synthesized dyes, dissolved in six solvents, were procured. The influences of six different acidic and alkaline solutions were also reported. In addition, the absorption capability of these ten-novel heterocyclic disazo disperse dyes at their o-, m- and p- positions were explored in detail. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.109M578This study is sponsored and supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with the TUBITAK project number of 109M578

Collision tumors of the paranasal region: presentation of two cases

PubMed ID: 24835907Collision tumors in the paranasal region are extremely rare with limited literature data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of associations of squamous cell carcinoma-esthesioneuroblastoma and lymphoma-hemangiopericytoma in the paranasal region. Preoperatively, radiological and clinical findings should be evaluated carefully for the diagnosis and two or more biopsy specimens should be taken from different morphological parts of the lesions. Adjuvant therapy should be planned according to two different histologies and special importance should be given to the tumor which indicates the prognosis of the patient. A multidisciplinary approach is required for the management of synchronous malignancies

behaviour of four new azocalix[4]arenes

Four new azocalix[4]arenes {5,11,17,23-tetrakis[(2-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenylazo)]-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (1), 5,11,17,23-tetrakis[(2-hydroxy-5-nitro phenylazo)]-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (2), 5,11,17,23-tetrakis[(2-amino-5-carboxylphenylazo)]-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (3) and 5,11,17,23-tetrakis[(1-amino-2-hydroxy-4-sulfonicacidnapthylazo)]-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (4)} have been synthesized from p-tert-butylphenol, p-nitrophenol, p-aminobenzoic acid and 1-amino-2-hydroxy-4-sulphonic acid by diazo coupling reaction with p-aminocalix[4]arene. The resulting ligands (1-4) were treated with three transition metal salts (e.g., CuCl2 center dot 2H(2)O, NiCl2 center dot 6H(2)O or CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O). Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes of the azocalix[4]arene derivatives were obtained and characterized by UV-vis, IR, H-1-NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. All the complexes have a metal:ligand ratio of 2:1. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes of azocalix[4]arenes are square-planar, while the Co(II) complexes of azocalix[4]arenes are octahedral with water molecules as axial ligands. The solvent extraction of various transition metal cations from the aqueous phase to the organic phase was carried out by using azocalix[4]arenes (1-4). It was found that, azocalix[4]arenes 1, 2 and 3 examined selectivity for transition metal cations such as Ag+, Hg+ and Hg2+. In addition, the thermal stability of metal:azocalix[4]arene complexes were also reported.C1 Pamukkale Univ, Fac Sci Arts, Dept Chem, TR-20017 Denizli, Turkey