Image similarity in medical images

Recent experiments have indicated a strong influence of the substrate grain orientation on the self-ordering in anodic porous alumina. Anodic porous alumina with straight pore channels grown in a stable, self-ordered manner is formed on (001) oriented Al grain, while disordered porous pattern is formed on (101) oriented Al grain with tilted pore channels growing in an unstable manner. In this work, numerical simulation of the pore growth process is carried out to understand this phenomenon. The rate-determining step of the oxide growth is assumed to be the Cabrera-Mott barrier at the oxide/electrolyte (o/e) interface, while the substrate is assumed to determine the ratio β between the ionization and oxidation reactions at the metal/oxide (m/o) interface. By numerically solving the electric field inside a growing porous alumina during anodization, the migration rates of the ions and hence the evolution of the o/e and m/o interfaces are computed. The simulated results show that pore growth is more stable when β is higher. A higher β corresponds to more Al ionized and migrating away from the m/o interface rather than being oxidized, and hence a higher retained O:Al ratio in the oxide. Experimentally measured oxygen content in the self-ordered porous alumina on (001) Al is indeed found to be about 3% higher than that in the disordered alumina on (101) Al, in agreement with the theoretical prediction. The results, therefore, suggest that ionization on (001) Al substrate is relatively easier than on (101) Al, and this leads to the more stable growth of the pore channels on (001) Al

Risk of cervical cancer is not increased in Chinese carrying homozygous arginine at codon 72 of p53

Homozygous arginine at codon 72 (HA72) of p53 was found in 22% of normal cervices and 30.0% of cervical cancers and no significant difference was detected between normal and cervical cancer with or without HPV 16/18. There was no correlation between HA72 and risk of cervical cancer in Chinese.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Família e ensino secundário: a colaboração e participação nas escolas do ensino público da Região Autónoma da Madeira

Hoje em dia é cada vez mais frequente ouvir falar na necessidade de uma maior aproximação entre as Famílias, a Escola e a Comunidade, pois são as três entidades que estão presentes, não só, durante as primeiras aprendizagens, mas também durante grande parte da vida do indivíduo. Sabemos que neste mundo globalizado, no qual as mudanças acontecem a todo o momento, cada vez mais competitivo, as famílias têm visto o seu tempo com as crianças ser reduzido de dia para dia, facto este que tem feito com que esta entidade se veja, quase, na obrigação de entregar os seus “meninos” às escolas, lhes delegando certas responsabilidades. É, por isso, premente e necessário conhecer a realidade em que se vive, e explorar os factores que estão envolvidos nesta problemática, de modo a criar condições para que exista a possibilidade de criar e desenvolver novas estratégias para atrair os pais à escola. É também importante desmistificar esta relação para que os receios de ambas as entidades, face à participação e envolvimento, sejam superados. O presente trabalho será desenvolvido na rede de escolas públicas da Região Autónoma da Madeira, distribuídas pelos vários concelhos e, vai incidir sobre o Ensino Secundário. A finalidade primordial é a de conhecer a realidade da participação no Ensino Secundário nas escolas da RAM, ou seja, compreender de que modo acontece, quem a promove e quem está implicado. Para tal recorremos à aplicação de questionários a uma amostra construída através do processo de amostragem por conveniência. Os dados obtidos permitiram-nos concluir que na nossa região a colaboração e participação acontecem independentemente do estatuto sócio-cultural. Esta participação é, sobretudo, indirecta, acontecendo raramente nas tomadas de decisão. Por último concluímos que os Presidentes dos Conselhos Executivos são quem apresenta um discurso mais favorável à participação e colaboração dos Encarregados de Educação.Universidade da Madeir

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDHK1) regulates ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, and chemoresistance and contributes to poor prognosis in patients

Conference Theme: Anticancer Drug Action and Drug Resistance: From Cancer Biology to the ClinicPoster Session - Carcinogenesis 2: abstract no. 152postprin

A phase I trial of Capecitabine+Gemcitabine with radical radiation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Standard chemoradiotherapy with infusional 5FU for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) has limited efficacy in this disease. The combination of Capecitabine (Cap) and Gemcitabine (Gem) are synergistic and are potent radiosensitisers. The aim of this phase I trial was thus to determine the highest administered dose of the Cap plus Gem combination with radical radiotherapy (RT) for LAPC. Patients had LAPC, adequate organ function, ECOG PS 0–1. During RT, Gem was escalated from 20–50 mg m−2 day−1 (twice per week), and Cap 800–2000 mg m−2 day−1 (b.i.d, days 1–5 of each week). Radiotherapy 50.4 Gy/28 fractions/5.5 weeks, using 3D-conformal techniques. Three patients were entered to each dose level (DL). Dose-limiting toxicity(s) (DLTs) were based on treatment-related toxicities. Twenty patients were accrued. Dose level (DL) 1: Cap/Gem; 800/20 mg m−2 day−1 (3 patients), DL2: 1000/20 (12 patients), DL3: 1300/30 (5 patients). Dose-limiting toxicities were observed in DL3; grade 3 dehydration (1 patient) and grade 3 diarrhoea and dehydration (1 patient). Dose level 2 was the recommend phase 2 dose. Disease control rate was 75%: PR=15%, SD=60%. Median overall survival was 11.2 months. The addition of Cap and Gem to radical RT was feasible and active and achieved at relatively low doses

Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) Extract Inhibits Tumorigenicity and Overcomes Cisplatin-Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells Through Targeting AMPK Signaling Cascade

OBJECTIVE: Acquired chemoresistance is a major obstacle in the clinical management of ovarian cancer. Therefore, searching for alternative therapeutic modalities is urgently needed. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a traditional dietary fruit, but its extract also shows potential medicinal values in human diabetes and cancers. Here, we sought to investigate the extract of bitter melon (BME) in antitumorigenic and cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells. METHODS: Three varieties of bitter melon were used to prepare the BME. Ovarian cancer cell lines, human immortalized epithelial ovarian cells (HOSEs), and nude mice were used to evaluate the cell cytotoxicity, cisplatin resistance, and tumor inhibitory effect of BME. The molecular mechanism of BME was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Cotreatment with BME and cisplatin markedly attenuated tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in a mouse xenograft model, whereas there was no observable toxicity in HOSEs or in nude mice in vivo. Interestingly, the antitumorigenic effects of BME varied with different varieties of bitter melon, suggesting that the amount of antitumorigenic substances may vary. Studies of the molecular mechanism demonstrated that BME activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in an AMP-independent but CaMKK (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase)-dependent manner, exerting anticancer effects through activation of AMPK and suppression of the mTOR/p70S6K and/or the AKT/ERK/FOXM1 (Forkhead Box M1) signaling cascade. CONCLUSION: BME functions as a natural AMPK activator in the inhibition of ovarian cancer cell growth and might be useful as a supplement to improve the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.published_or_final_versio