24,545 research outputs found
CP, T and CPT violation in future long baseline experiments
I give a short overview about the possibilities and problems related to the
measurement of CP violation in long baseline experiments. Special attention is
paid to the issue of degeneracies and a method for their resolution is
quantitatively discussed. The CP violation reach for different experiments is
compared in dependence of and \dm{21}. Furthermore a
short comment about the possible effects of matter induced T violation is made.
Finally the limits on CPT violation obtainable at a neutrino factory are shown.Comment: Talk presented at NUFACT02, London, 1-6 July, 2002. 3 pages, 2
figure
Resolving Octant Degeneracy at LBL experiment by combining Daya Bay Reactor Setup
Long baseline Experiment (LBL) have promised to be a very powerful
experimental set up to study various issues related to Neutrinos. Some ongoing
and planned LBL and medium baseline experiments are - T2K, MINOS, NOvA, LBNE,
LBNO etc. But the long baseline experiments are crippled due to presence of
some parameter degeneracies, like the Octant degeneracy. In this work, we first
show the presence of Octant degeneracy in LBL experiments, and then combine it
with Daya Bay Reactor experiment, at different values of CP violation phase. We
show that the Octant degeneracy in LBNE can be resolved completely with this
proposal.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figure
Hospitalization, Arrest, or Discharge: Important Legal and Clinical Issues in the Emergency Evaluation of Persons Believed Dangerous to Others
Fluctuation Superconductivity in Mesoscopic Aluminum Rings
Fluctuations are important near phase transitions, where they can be
difficult to describe quantitatively. Superconductivity in mesoscopic rings is
particularly intriguing because the critical temperature is an oscillatory
function of magnetic field. There is an exact theory for thermal fluctuations
in one-dimensional superconducting rings, which are therefore expected to be an
excellent model system. We measure the susceptibility of many rings, one ring
at a time, using a scanning SQUID that can isolate magnetic signals from seven
orders of magnitude larger background applied flux. We find that the
fluctuation theory describes the results and that a single parameter
characterizes the ways in which the fluctuations are especially important at
magnetic fields where the critical temperature is suppressed.Comment: Reprinted with permission from AAA
Untangling CP Violation and the Mass Hierarchy in Long Baseline Experiments
In the overlap region, for the normal and inverted hierarchies, of the
neutrino-antineutrino bi-probability space for appearance,
we derive a simple identity between the solutions in the (, ) plane for the different hierarchies. The
parameter sets the scale of the
appearance probabilities at the atmospheric eV whereas controls the amount of CP
violation in the lepton sector. The identity between the solutions is that the
difference in the values of for the two hierarchies equals twice
the value of divided by the {\it critical} value
of . We apply this identity to the two proposed
long baseline experiments, T2K and NOA, and we show how it can be used to
provide a simple understanding of when and why fake solutions are excluded when
two or more experiments are combined. The identity demonstrates the true
complimentarity of T2K and NOA.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, 4 postscript figures. Submitted to New Journal of
Physics, ``Focus on Neutrino Physics'' issu
Ultrafast Insulator-Metal Phase Transition in VO2 Studied by Multiterahertz Spectroscopy
The ultrafast photoinduced insulator-metal transition in VO2 is studied at
different temperatures and excitation fluences using multi-THz probe pulses.
The spectrally resolved mid-infrared response allows us to trace separately the
dynamics of lattice and electronic degrees of freedom with a time resolution of
40 fs. The critical fluence of the optical pump pulse which drives the system
into a long-lived metallic state is found to increase with decreasing
temperature. Under all measurement conditions we observe a modulation of the
eigenfrequencies of the optical phonon modes induced by their anharmonic
coupling to the coherent wave packet motion of V-V dimers at 6.1 THz.
Furthermore, we find a weak quadratic coupling of the electronic response to
the coherent dimer oscillation resulting in a modulation of the electronic
conductivity at twice the frequency of the wave packet motion. The findings are
discussed in the framework of a qualitative model based on an approximation of
local photoexcitation of the vanadium dimers from the insulating state.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures submitted to Physical Review
Neutrino Factories and the "Magic" Baseline
We show that for a neutrino factory baseline of a
``clean'' measurement of becomes possible, which is
almost unaffected by parameter degeneracies. We call this baseline "magic"
baseline, because its length only depends on the matter density profile. For a
complete analysis, we demonstrate that the combination of the magic baseline
with a baseline of 3000 km is the ideal solution to perform equally well for
the , sign of , and CP violation
sensitivities. Especially, this combination can very successfully resolve
parameter degeneracies even below .Comment: Minor changes, final version to appear in PRD, 4 pages, 3 figures,
RevTe
Eluate derived by extracorporal antibody-based immunoadsorption elevates the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in podocytes via B-2 kinin receptors
Background/Aim: Patients with idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) often develop a recurrence of the disease after kidney transplantation. In a number of FSGS patients, plasmapheresis and immunoadsorption procedures have been shown to transiently reduce proteinuria and are thought to do this by eliminating a circulating factor. Direct cellular effects of eluates from immunoadsorption procedures on podocytes, the primary target of injury in FSGS, have not yet been reported. Methods: Eluates were derived from antibody-based immunoadsorption of a patient suffering from primary FSGS, a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, and a healthy volunteer. The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ({[}Ca2+](i)) of differentiated podocytes was measured by single-cell fura-2 microfluorescence measurements. Free and total immunoreactive kinin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: FSGS eluates increased the {[}Ca2+](i) levels concentration dependently (EC50 0.14 mg/ml; n = 3-19). 1 mg/ml eluate increased the {[}Ca2+](i) values reversibly from 82 +/- 12 to 1,462 +/- 370 nmol/l, and then they returned back to 100 16 nmol/l (n = 19). The eluate-induced increase of {[}Ca2+](i) consisted of an initial Ca2+ peak followed by a Ca2+ plateau which depended on the extracellular Ca2+ concentration. The eluate-induced increase of {[}Ca2+](i) was inhibited by the specific B-2 kinin receptor antagonist Hoe 140 in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 2.47 nmol/l). In addition, prior repetitive application of bradykinin desensitized the effect of eluate on {[}Ca2+](i). A colonic epithelial cell line not reacting to bradykinin did not respond to eluate either (n = 6). Similar to FSGS eluates, the eluate preparations of both the systemic lupus patient and the healthy volunteer led to a biphasic, concentration-dependent {[}Ca2+](i) increase in poclocytes which again was inhibited by Hoe 140. Free kinins were detected in all eluate preparations. Conclusion: The procedure of antibody-based immunoadsorption leads to kinin in the eluate which elevates the {[}Ca2+](i) level of podocytes via B-2 kinin receptors. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
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