352 research outputs found
Observation of sub-natural linewidths for cold atoms in a magneto-optic trap
We have studied the absorption of a weak probe beam through cold rubidium
atoms in a magneto-optic trap. The absorption spectrum shows two peaks with the
smaller peak having linewidth as small as 28% of the natural linewidth. The
modification happens because the laser beams used for trapping also drive the
atoms coherently between the ground and excited states. This creates
``dressed'' states whose energies are shifted depending on the strength of the
drive. Linewidth narrowing occurs due to quantum coherence between the dressed
states. The separation of the states increases with laser intensity and
detuning, as expected from this model.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Short Distance Scale to the LMC
We present {\it UBVI} photometry of the eclipsing binary HV2274 - the system
which has been recently used for distance determination to the LMC by Guinan et
al. (1998). We determine the interstellar reddening to the star,
E(B-V)=0.149+/-0.015 mag, based on observed colors of the star. This value is
in excellent agreement with the mean reddening towards HV2274 obtained from
photometry of the red clump stars in the surrounding field. The reddening is
almost twice as large as determined by Guinan et al. (1998).
We discuss the consequences of reddening underestimate. Most likely HV2274 is
located much closer with the distance modulus to the star and the LMC: m-M =
18.22+/-0.13 mag supporting the short distance scale to the LMC. Such a
distance modulus is in excellent agreement with the recent distance
determinations with RR Lyr and red clump stars.Comment: 11 pages, Latex, 2 Figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical
Journal Letters. New version - trimmed to fit ApJL. Additional determination
of the reddening towards HV2274 with OB star
Photometric Solutions for Detached Eclipsing Binaries: selection of ideal distance indicators in the SMC
Detached eclipsing binary stars provide a robust one-step distance
determination to nearby galaxies. As a by-product of Galactic microlensing
searches, catalogs of thousands of variable stars including eclipsing binaries
have been produced by the OGLE, MACHO and EROS collaborations. We present
photometric solutions for detached eclipsing binaries in the Small Magellanic
Cloud (SMC) discovered by the OGLE collaboration. The solutions were obtained
with an automated version of the Wilson-Devinney program. By fitting mock
catalogs of eclipsing binaries we find that the normalized stellar radii
(particularly their sum) and the surface brightness ratio are accurately
described by the fitted parameters and estimated standard errors, despite
various systematic uncertainties. In many cases these parameters are well
constrained. In addition we find that systems exhibiting complete eclipses can
be reliably identified where the fractional standard errors in the radii are
small. We present two quantitatively selected sub-samples of eclipsing binaries
that will be excellent distance indicators. These can be used both for
computation of the distance to the SMC and to probe its structure. One
particularly interesting binary has a very well determined solution, exhibits
complete eclipses, and is comprised of well detached G-type, class giants.Comment: 29 pages, 12 figures. To be published in Ap
Optical nonlinear dynamics with cold atoms in a cavity
This paper presents the nonlinear dynamics of laser cooled and trapped cesium
atoms placed inside an optical cavity and interacting with a probe light beam
slightly detuned from the 6S1/2(F=4) to 6P3/2(F=5) transition. The system
exhibits very strong bistability and instabilities. The origin of the latter is
found to be a competition between optical pumping and non-linearities due to
saturation of the optical transition.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, LaTe
Wave particle interactions in the high-altitude polar cusp: a Cluster case study
On 23 March 2002, the four Cluster spacecraft crossed in close configuration (~100 km separation) the high-altitude (10 <i>R<sub>E</sub></i>) cusp region. During a large part of the crossing, the STAFF and EFW instruments have detected strong electromagnetic wave activity at low frequencies, especially when intense field-aligned proton fluxes were detected by the CIS/HIA instrument. In all likelihood, such fluxes correspond to newly-reconnected field lines. A focus on one of these ion injection periods highlights the interaction between waves and protons. The wave activity has been investigated using the k-filtering technique. Experimental dispersion relations have been built in the plasma frame for the two most energetic wave modes. Results show that kinetic Alfv&#233;n waves dominate the electromagnetic wave spectrum up to 1 Hz (in the spacecraft frame). Above 0.8 Hz, intense Bernstein waves are also observed. The close simultaneity observed between the wave and particle events is discussed as an evidence for local wave generation. A mechanism based on current instabilities is consistent with the observations of the kinetic Alfv&#233;n waves. A weak ion heating along the recently-opened field lines is also suggested from the examination of the ion distribution functions. During an injection event, a large plasma convection motion, indicative of a reconnection site location, is shown to be consistent with the velocity perturbation induced by the large-scale Alfv&#233;n wave simultaneously detected
Matter-wave diffraction in time with a linear potential
Diffraction in time of matter waves incident on a shutter which is removed at
time is studied in the presence of a linear potential. The solution is
also discussed in phase space in terms of the Wigner function. An alternative
configuration relevant to current experiments where particles are released from
a hard wall trap is also analyzed for single-particle states and for a
Tonks-Girardeau gas.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Polarization dependence of four-wave mixing in a degenerate two-level system
Nearly degenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) within a closed degenerate
two-level atomic transition is theoretically and experimentally examined. Using
the model presented by A. Lezama et al [Phys. Rev. A 61, 013801 (2000)] the
NDFWM spectra corresponding to different pump and probe polarization cases are
calculated and discussed. The calculated spectra are compared to the
observation of NDFWM within the transition of
cesium in a phase conjugation experiment using magneto optically cooled atomsComment: 10 pages, 13 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.
Synthèse d'époxyphosphonates alpha-chlorés, intermédiaires potentiels dans la préparation de l'analogue phosphoré du KDO, cible privilégiée dans la recherche de nouveaux antibiotiques
Les époxyphosphonatesex-chlorés ont été préparés par action de l'acide métachloroperbenzoïque (mCPBA) sur les vinylphosphonates ex- chlorés. L'isomérisation des époxyphosphonates est en cours d'étude. Les résultats de ces travaux seront appliqués au mannose pour la préparation du KDO phosphoré
Matter wave pulses characteristics
We study the properties of quantum single-particle wave pulses created by
sharp-edged or apodized shutters with single or periodic openings. In
particular, we examine the visibility of diffraction fringes depending on
evolution time and temperature; the purity of the state depending on the
opening-time window; the accuracy of a simplified description which uses
``source'' boundary conditions instead of solving an initial value problem; and
the effects of apodization on the energy width.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure
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