Health as a space-time continuum

The purpose of work is to quantify the changes of the organism functional reserves during the successive phases of the human health Space-Time Continuum (STC) on the basis of postulates of reliability complex systems theory. The study is devoted to the problem of age-related human involution, which is evaluated not from the causal, but from the kinetic point of view The analysis of 10 most important basic life support systems of human body – cardiovascular (CVS), respiratory (RS), nervous (NS), digestive (DS), endocrine (ES), immune (IS), excretory (EXS), brain (BS), musculo-skeletal (MSS), hematopoietic (HS) was carried out. Based on this analysis two levels of ensuring the reliability of organism’s work were revealed: sequential and parallel. The system of logical equations for reduced sequential system is: Ys1 = CVS RS BS, where is the notation for the conjunctions of set elements. The system of logical equations for the reduced parallel system is: Ys2 = NS DS ES IS HS EXS MSS, where is the disjunction of the scheme elements. Visualization of human STC changes the concept of the kinetics of age-related changes in the organism and the role of determinants of health as a stable factor accompanying a uniform, smooth transition from the most pronounced functions of the body to their gradual extinction. For human STC is formulated the following regularity kinetics of involutionary processes: after 30 years of age in the human body morphological changes regress in arithmetic progression, and the functions of organs in a geometric one. Assumption of health as a state redundancy of functions is suggested

Renal dysfunction in patients with chronic toxic hepatitis and ways of its correction

The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of the long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Lisinopril in the correction of renal dysfunction in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH).It was found that in patients with СH under conditions of spontaneous diuresis, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases by 1.33 times against the background of a decrease in water reabsorption (p<0.05) and a tendency to a decrease in sodium excretion. During a 2-hour water load, a 3-fold decrease in GFR (p<0.05) was revealed with a slight decrease in water reabsorption and a decrease in sodium and potassium excretion in the urine (p<0.05). The occurrence of such disturbances in response to exercise indicates functional changes that may be due to intrarenal vasospasm as a result of activation of the interstitial renin-angiotensin system. The іnclusion of Lisinopril at a dose of 2.5 mg in the treatment regimen had a positive effect both on the clinical symptoms of hepatitis - a decrease in the activity of ALT, AST, urea (p<0.05), and on the functional state of the kidneys, mainly due to the effect on filtration processes. This is especially clearly demonstrated by the implementation of the water load: an increase in diuresis by 2 times (p<0.05) against the background of an increase in the glomerular filtration rate by 3 times (p<0.05), excretion of sodium and potassium (p<0.05). This indicates an increase in the adaptive function of the kidneys when included in the treatment ACE inhibitor

Functional impairment of the kidneys with their acute damage in patients with peritonitis

The aim of our study was to study renal function and processes in patients with peritonitis. The results of a study of 32 patients with peritonitis compared with 11 healthy individuals showed that patients showed signs of acute kidney injury (AKI), judging by the presence of urinary syndrome. Two periods of APF have been identified: preazotemic and azotemic with the development of acute renal failure, in which the glomerular filtration rate decreases. Proteinuria and sodium excretion have been shown to increase, but not definitively. Whereas when converted to a unit of glomerular filtration rate, they increase significantly. The proposition about the primary tubular-tubular compensation mechanism, which turns into the tubular-glomerular one, which reduces glomerular filtration and prevents sodium loss, is substantiated

Some aspects of hemodynamic disorders in patients with severe withdrawal syndrome

Arterial hypertension - the most common cardiovascular syndrome in many countries of the world. Up to 40-50% of the adult population of economically developed countries has an arterial pressure in excess of 140/90 mm Hg. Art. The author discusses the results of research conducted in 2010 -2012 inthe department of resuscitation and intensive care of theChernivtsiRegionalPsychiatric Hospital. 40 patients were examined: Group 1 - 20 patients diagnosed with withdrawal due to delirium alcohol. The results indicate significant hemodynamic disturbances in patients with withdrawal due to the use of delirium alcohol and patients with threatened delirium during hospitalization

Clinical pathophysiology of proteinuria

Proteinuria is the most important classical criterion of renal pathology, and its main characteristic is considered to be the quantitative degree of protein excretion. The latter in most patients determines the degree of nephron damage, the chronicity of the process in the kidneys, the prognosis of nephrological disease and the term of development of renal failure. Therefore, the clinical significance of proteinuria is quite significant, and consists in the timely detection and adequate treatment of proteinuria. The aim of the study was to determine and compare proteinuria under conditions of daily and induced salt diuresis. Materials and methods. 20 patients with proteinuria were selected for the study, 10 patients with diabetes mellitus and 10 patients with hypertension, who were inpatients. The age of the patients ranged from 31 to 59 years. Conclusions. 1. With water-salt loading, glomerular filtration rate, diuresis and total proteinuria increase. 2. Determination of latent proteinuria is a more informative indicator of kidney damage than comparing protein excretion during spontaneous, daily and induced water-salt diuresis. 3. The ratio of specific proteinuria to excretion of mmol creatinine or 1 ml of glomerular filtrate in % during salt loading compared to spontaneous daily diuresis is an important criterion for the degree of kidney damage. 4. Specific proteinuria is a marker of nephron damage, since it shows the true amount of protein that the nephron loses under conditions of its functional provocation; therefore, the study of specific proteinuria is quite relevant in the preclinical stages of kidney damage and can serve as one of the screening tests in risk groups with urinary system pathology

Analysis of heart rate variability in patients with chronic alcohol abuse

Article represents the results of studies on the use of the method of assessment of heart rate variability in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome without delirious syndrome and in patients with the condition as a result of alcohol withdrawal with delirium tremens in the intensive care unit. The studies were conducted on the first day of hospitalization in both groups of patients in the clinic. These data were compared with the norms of the corresponding options of heart rate variability and among themselves. The results indicate a significant autonomic dysfunction in patients with chronic alcohol dependence. The study determined the correlation between heart rate variability and hemodynamics in both groups

Condition of Renal Excretory Function in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

This study examined 37 patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver and 30 healthy individuals, assessing liver function indicators and renal function under conditions of daily diuresis and after a load of drinking water and a 0.5% sodium chloride solution, at 0.5% of body weight. The study showed that hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver lead to signs of hepatorenal syndrome development, particularly in patients with cirrhosis, primarily manifested by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The extent of reduction correlated with the severity of liver damage. Simultaneously, it was independent of blood pressure, plasma protein, and renal sodium exchange mechanisms. The primary dysfunction in hepatorenal syndrome was determined to be a reduction in GFR, evidenced by the rise in creatinine concentration, although urea increased only in cirrhosis, requiring further explanation. The results showed that liver diseases, especially cirrhosis, can lead to kidney problems, mainly by reducing the kidney's ability to filter blood, which was shown by higher creatinine levels in the blood

Structural and functional features of healing of tiba fractures using apiphonophoresis

Modernity is defined as an "epidemic of trauma". Every year, up to 2 million adults and 300 thousand children, residents of Ukraine, receive various injuries. Since injuries and their consequences are the cause of disability in 89% of the working population, the problem of trauma, including bone fractures, becomes not only a medical but also a social problem. In this regard, the treatment of injuries in general and fractures in particular remains very relevant. The aim of the work was to compare the results of restorative treatment of fractures of tubular bones using apiphonophoresis with a variable dose of bee venom and apiphonophoresis with a fixed dose of "Apizarthron". The materials of this study were the data obtained in the study of 60 white male rats of the Wistar line of outbred breeding, weighing 180-200 g. Our studies have established that apiphonophoresis, performed in a course, accelerates the process of restoring bone integrity in fractures. This is due to the increase in the activity of osteocytes, periosteocytes, and the protein-synthesizing functions of these cells

Incidence of COVID-19 after vaccination. Analysis of publicly available data

The coronavirus began in late 2019 in China's Hubei province. Since then, it has spread around the world. In the world, according to official data, more than 100 million people have become infected, more than 3 million have died from the coronavirus.On 18.03.2020, the first coronavirus vaccine trials began. Currently, 5 vaccines are used for vaccination: Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Johnson and Johnson and Sputnik-V. No vaccine against COVID-19 protects a person 100% from the incidence of coronavirus. Average mortality rate as of 19.04.2021. 1. Pfizer-39,4; 2. Moderna-20,2; 3. AstraZeneca-12,8; 4. Johnson and Johnson-7,5; 5. Sputnik V-2,0. Pfizer and Moderna vaccines cause a risk of cardiovascular disease (myocarditis and pericarditis), thrombosis, bleeding and embolism

Morphological changes in the kidneys of rats with experimental hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral hemorrhage)

The article presents the results of the study of morphological changes in the kidneys in Wistar rats during the stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke modeling was performed by injecting 0.1-0.2 ml of autoblood through an opening in the temporal bone into the region of the inner capsule of the right hemisphere. To form a hematoma, a stereotaxic destruction was performed. The experimental group consisted of 6 animals, the control group was represented by intact rats (n=3) and rats after trepanation of the temporal bone but without the introduction of autoblood (n=3). The animals were removed from the experiment on days 3 and21. Inthe course of the study, the structural changes in the right and left kidneys were compared to determine the difference in the location of the disorders. According to the results of the histological examination of the medulla, the tendency to reduction of cytological disorders of the epithelium of the tubules of the left kidney was revealed, while in the right kidney the structural disturbances of the tubules of the nephrons and the collecting ducts of the papilla of the kidney were recorded. Based on these data, it is possible to assume renal involvement in rats on day 3 after a stroke and a frequency recovery on day 21. The described histological studies give  a new data on the development of structural changes in renal medulla in rats with hemorrhagic stroke, which can be associated with a violation of electrolyte exchanges at the level of the distal nephron segment