356 research outputs found

    Analisa Prediksi Potensi Bahan Baku Biodiesel Sebagai Suplemen Bahan Bakar Motor Diesel Di Indoesia

    Full text link
    Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar yang terbuat dari bahan yang bersifat dapat diperbarui seperti tumbuh-tumbuhan dan hewan-hewanan. Indonesia adalah negara tropis, dimana memiliki curah hujan yang tinggi dan setiap tahun mendapat sinar matahari. Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati dan hewani yang tinggi, untuk itu terdapat banyak jenis bahan baku biodiesel yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan suplemen bahan bakar motor diesel di Indonesia. Saat ini jenis bahan baku di Indonesia mencapai lebih dari 50 jenis bahan baku. Metode pemilihan dan analisa bahan baku biodiesel adalah menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Metode prediksi yang dipakai adalah metode bilangan kuadrat terkecil (Least Square). Dari analisa bahan baku yang sudah dilakukan didapat 6 jenis bahan baku yang berpotensi sebagai suplemen bahan bakar motor diesel di Indonesia yaitu minyak jelantah, kelapa sawit, kelapa, alga, jarak pagar dan karet. Besar potensi produksi minyak biodiesel dari 6 jenis bahan baku biodiesel meliputi jarak pagar 557842 ribu barel minyak biodiesel. Disusul dengan kelapa sawit 438876, alga 258867 ribu barel, kelapa 238455 ribu barel, minyak jelantah 45515 ribu barel, dan karet 3989,7 ribu barel. Dengan adanya suplemen biodiesel, Indonesia akan dapat mengatasi krisis energi sampai pada tahun 2101

    Evaluation de la fiabilité des structures fissurées en mode mixte en tenant compte des inspections

    Get PDF

    The Effect of Blend Fuel Waste Plastic and Waste Cooking Oil on Diesel Engine Performance based on Simulation

    Get PDF
    Nowadays, polypropylene plastics are very often found and cause various environmental problems. Though it is known that along with polypropylene itself comes from propylene monomers obtained from refining petroleum. Besides the use of waste cooking, biodiesel fuel has many drawbacks, one of which is power and fuel consumption. Mixing polypropylene plastic waste for reuse with waste cooking oil biodiesel is an option. This study uses five variations of fuel, namely HSD, B30, C20, C30, and C40, a combination of HSD, waste cooking, and polypropylene. This research is based on experiments to analyze the impact of using these five variations of fuel on the performance diesel engines based on simulation. The performance of the diesel engine would be measured to SFOC, power, and torque produced by each fuel. Based on the results of the analysis of the performance of the diesel engine performance of C20, fuel can be the most optimum alternative fuel to the substitute B30, producing 6.0 kW of power, 238gr / kWh of SFOC, and 31.7Nm of torque.

    Prediksi Performa Linear Engine Bersilinder Tunggal Sistem Pegas Hasil Modifikasi Dari Mesin Konvensional Yamaha RS 100CC

    Full text link
    Linear engine adalah salah satu inovasi dari engine yang dikembangkan karena memiliki performa yang lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan mesin konvensional. Peningkatan performa yang dialami karena berkurangnya gaya gesek yang terjadi. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pembuktian untuk mengetahui performa linear engine hasil modifikasi dari mesin konvensional Yamaha RS 100 CC dengan cara memprediksi melalui simulasi. Dalam analisa ini akan dibandingkan performa mesin konvensional dengan linear engine dalam bentuk perbandingan tekanan dengan volume, daya, torque, BSFC, Brake efficiency dalam variasi kecepatan antara 3.2 m/s – 19.2 m/s. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa performa yang dihasilkan linear engine hasil modifikasi tersebut meningkat. Daya maksimal dari linear engine meningkat sekitar 7.2% dari daya sebelumnya 6.9 kW menjadi 7.4 kW. Begitu juga torque yang dihasilkan meningkat menjadi 12.4 N/m , selain itu BSFC dari linear engine mengalami perbaikan sekitar 2 – 10% dari BSFC sebelumnya

    BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY OF ONDANSETRON GEL IN RABBITS AND HUMAN VOLUNTEERS APPLING UPLC AS ANALYTICAL TOOL AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIEMETIC EFFECT OF ONDANSETRON GEL IN CISPLATIN-INDUCED EMESIS IN RATS

    Get PDF
    Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the bioavailability of ondansetron gel in experimental animals and humans applying UPLC as an analytical tool and evaluation of the antiemetic effect of ondansetron gel in cisplatin-induced emesis in rats. Methods: Ondansetron gel (F13: sodium alginate 7% w/w) was used, marketed I. V. ondansetron (Zofran) Âź was chosen as reference. The bioavailability study in rabbits was selected as a parallel design using nine healthy rabbits divided into three groups whereas, bioavailability study in humans was an open-label, wherein 6 healthy subjects administered ondansetron gel. The potential effect of ondansetron gel was evaluated for the prevention of different phases of emesis motivated by exposure to antineoplastic drugs (cisplatin) by determination of body weight loss, water and food intake applying kaolin-pica model in rats using seventy-two rats divided into six groups. Results: Ondansetron gel (0.5%) showed detectable plasma concentration 22.833±2.17 ng/m1 after ÂŒ h and 419.55±2.17 ng/ml after 1-h post-treatment in rabbits and human respectively and concentration was maintained above-reported minimum effective concentration for more than 2.5 h for rabbits and 7 h for humans compared to 1.75 h after I. V. administration. The ondansetron gel significantly reduces all phases of cisplatin-induced emesis and a decrease in body weight, water, and food consumption was significantly attenuated. Conclusion: Based on the high efficacy of gel on emesis induced by cisplatin, and its high bioavailability, transdermal ondansetron gel could be a promising convenient system to prevent nausea and vomiting following administration of antineoplastic drugs

    Étude des performances Ă©puratoires de la technique du lagunage aĂ©rĂ© appliquĂ©e Ă  la station d’épuration de la ville d’Errachidia - Maroc

    Get PDF
    Dans le but d’évaluer le rendement de la nouvelle station d’épuration de la ville d’Errachidia type lagunage aĂ©rĂ©, nous avons Ă©tudiĂ© les paramĂštres physico-chimiques et bactĂ©riologiques des eaux brutes et Ă©purĂ©es de la station. Pour cela, nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© un ensemble de mesures tels que : la tempĂ©rature, le pH et la conductivitĂ© (paramĂštres sur places), la demande biochimique en oxygĂšne DBO5, la demande chimique en oxygĂšne DCO et les matiĂšres en suspension MES (paramĂštres physico-chimiques), les coliformes fĂ©caux (CF) et les coliformes totaux (CT) (paramĂštres bactĂ©riologiques). Les rĂ©sultats d’analyses ont montrĂ© une Ă©volution des rendements Ă©puratoires de la nouvelle station par rapport Ă  l’ancienne de type lagunage naturel. Ces rendements mesurĂ©s Ă  partir de la DBO5, DCO et MES donnent des valeurs respectivement de 82%, 83% et 88%. D’autre part la qualitĂ© bactĂ©riologique des eaux Ă©purĂ©es est conforme Ă  une rĂ©utilisation agricole.Mots-clĂ©s : station d’épuration, MES, DCO, DBO5, paramĂštres bactĂ©riologiques
    • 

    corecore