3,017 research outputs found
Effect of the Pauli principle on photoelectron spin transport in GaAs
In p+ GaAs thin films, the effect of photoelectron degeneracy on spin
transport is investigated theoretically and experimentally by imaging the spin
polarization profile as a function of distance from a tightly-focussed light
excitation spot. Under degeneracy of the electron gas (high concentration, low
temperature), a dip at the center of the polarization profile appears with a
polarization maximum at a distance of about from the center. This
counterintuitive result reveals that photoelectron diffusion depends on spin,
as a direct consequence of the Pauli principle. This causes a concentration
dependence of the spin stiffness while the spin dependence of the mobility is
found to be weak in doped material. The various effects which can modify spin
transport in a degenerate electron gas under local laser excitation are
considered. A comparison of the data with a numerical solution of the coupled
diffusion equations reveals that ambipolar coupling with holes increases the
steady-state photo-electron density at the excitation spot and therefore the
amplitude of the degeneracy-induced polarization dip. Thermoelectric currrents
are predicted to depend on spin under degeneracy (spin Soret currents), but
these currents are negligible except at very high excitation power where they
play a relatively small role. Coulomb spin drag and bandgap renormalization are
negligible due to electrostatic screening by the hole gas
Vector form factor of the pion : A model-independent approach
We study a model-independent parameterization of the vector pion form factor
that arises from the constraints of analyticity and unitarity. Our description
should be suitable up to s^(1/2) ~ 1.2 GeV and allows a model-independent
determination of the mass of the rho(770) resonance. We analyse the
experimental data on tau^- -> pion^- pion^0 nu_tau and e^+ e^- -> pion^+ pion^-
in this framework, and its consequences on the low-energy observables worked
out by chiral perturbation theory. An evaluation of the two pion contribution
to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a_{mu}, and to the fine structure
constant, alpha(M_Z^2), is also performed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the High-Energy
Physics International Conference on Quantum Chromodynamics QCD02, Montpellier
(France), 2-9 July (2002
Tau and Charm physics highlights
In tau physics, we are at the frontier between the completion of the LEP
program and the start of analyses from b-factories, which are expected to
produce results in the coming years. Nice results from CLEO are steadily
delivered in the meantime. For charm, impressive progress have been achieved by
fixed target experiments in the search for CP violation and D^0 - \bar D^0
oscillations. First results from b-factories demonstrate the power of these
facilities in such areas. The novel measurement of the D* width by CLEO happens
to be rather different from current expectations. The absence of a charm
factory explains the lack or the very slow progress in the absolute scale
determinations for charm decays.Comment: "Typos corrected and references added
Finite-width effects in the near-threshold ZZZ and ZWW production at ILC
We calculate the cross-section of the near-threshold off-shell and
production at the International Linear Collider taking into account
their instability and the principal part of NLO corrections. The calculations
are performed in the framework of the model of unstable particles with smeared
mass-shell. We show that the contribution of the finite and widths
(their instability) is large in the Higgs resonance range and should be taken
into account in the Higgs boson searches at future colliders.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Radiative quantum efficiency in an InAs/AlSb intersubband transition
The quantum efficiency of an electroluminescent intersubband emitter based on
InAs/AlSb has been measured as a function of the magnetic field up to 20T. Two
series of oscillations periodic in 1/B are observed, corresponding to the
elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons of the upper state of the
radiative transitions. Experimental results are accurately reproduced by a
calculation of the excited state lifetime as a function of the applied magnetic
field. The interpretation of these data gives an exact measure of the relative
weight of the scattering mechanisms and allows the extraction of material
parameters such as the energy dependent electron effective mass and the optical
phonon energy.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Implications of the ALEPH tau-Lepton Decay Data for Perturbative and Non-Perturbative QCD
We use ALEPH data on hadronic decays in order to calculate Euclidean
coordinate space correlation functions in the vector and axial-vector channels.
The linear combination receives no perturbative contribution and is
quantitatively reproduced by the instanton liquid model. In the case of
the instanton calculation is in good agreement with the data once perturbative
corrections are included. These corrections clearly show the evolution of
. We also analyze the range of validity of the Operator Product
Expansion (OPE). In the channel we find a dimension contribution
which is comparable to the original SVZ estimate, but the instanton model
provides a different non-singular term of the same magnitude. In the case
both the OPE and the instanton model predict the same power correction
induced by the gluon condensate, but it is masked by much larger perturbative
contributions. We conclude that the range of validity of the OPE is limited to
x\lsim0.3 fm, whereas the instanton model describes the data over the entire
range.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Probing the Higgs Field Using Massive Particles as Sources and Detectors
In the Standard Model, all massive elementary particles acquire their masses
by coupling to a background Higgs field with a non-zero vacuum expectation
value. What is often overlooked is that each massive particle is also a source
of the Higgs field. A given particle can in principle shift the mass of a
neighboring particle. The mass shift effect goes beyond the usual perturbative
Feynman diagram calculations which implicitly assume that the mass of each
particle is rigidly fixed. Local mass shifts offer a unique handle on Higgs
physics since they do not require the production of on-shell Higgs bosons. We
provide theoretical estimates showing that the mass shift effect can be large
and measurable, especially near pair threshold, at both the Tevatron and the
LHC.Comment: 6 pages, no figures; Version 2 corrects some typographical errors of
factors of 2 in equations 14, 17, 18 and 19 (all of the same origin) and
mentions a linear collider as an interesting place to test the results of
this pape
Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass with a Linear e+e- Collider
The potential of a linear e+e- collider operated at a centre-of-mass energy
of 350 GeV is studied for the measurement of the Higgs boson mass. An
integrated luminosity of 500 fb-1 is assumed. For Higgs boson masses of 120,
150 and 180 GeV the uncertainty on the Higgs boson mass measurement is
estimated to be 40, 65 and 70 MeV, respectively. The effects of beam related
systematics, namely a bias in the beam energy measurement, the beam energy
spread and the luminosity spectrum due to beamstrahlung, on the precision of
the Higgs boson mass measurement are investigated. In order to keep the
systematic uncertainty on the Higgs boson mass well below the level of the
statistical error, the beam energy measurement must be controlled with a
relative precision better than 10-4.Comment: 19 pages, 10 Figure
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