Live imaging of micro and macro wettability variations of carbonate oil reservoirs for enhanced oil recovery and CO/ trapping/storage

Carbonate hydrocarbon reservoirs are considered as potential candidates for chemically enhanced oil recovery and for CO² geological storage. However, investigation of one main controlling parameter—wettability—is usually performed by conventional integral methods at the core-scale. Moreover, literature reports show that wettability distribution may vary at the micro-scale due to the chemical heterogeneity of the reservoir and residing fluids. These differences may profoundly affect the derivation of other reservoir parameters such as relative permeability and capillary pressure, thus rendering subsequent simulations inaccurate. Here we developed an innovative approach by comparing the wettability distribution on carbonates at micro and macro-scale by combining live-imaging of controlled condensation experiments and X-ray mapping with sessile drop technique. The wettability was quantified by measuring the differences in contact angles before and after aging in palmitic, stearic and naphthenic acids. Furthermore, the influence of organic acids on wettability was examined at micro-scale, which revealed wetting heterogeneity of the surface (i.e., mixed wettability), while corresponding macro-scale measurements indicated hydrophobic wetting properties. The thickness of the adsorbed acid layer was determined, and it was correlated with the wetting properties. These findings bring into question the applicability of macro-scale data in reservoir modeling for enhanced oil recovery and geological storage of greenhouse gases

Influence of retardation effects on 2D magnetoplasmon spectrum

Within dissipationless limit the magnetic field dependence of magnetoplasmon spectrum for unbounded 2DEG system found to intersect the cyclotron resonance line, and, then approaches the frequency given by light dispersion relation. Recent experiments done for macroscopic disc-shape 2DEG systems confirm theory expectations.Comment: 2 pages,2 figure

Mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamics of the bubble mode during the bottom blowing of the ladle furnace: Report III

The formation and motion of gas bubbles in the melt substantially affect the heat exchange and kinetics of chemical transformations when performing the fire refining of copper in the ladle furnace. The variation in the bubble velocity, as well as of the volume and surface of the moving gas bubble over the melt height, is considered in the presented mathematical model. © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc

НЕЙРО-СЕТЕВОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ В ЗАДАЧАХ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ РЕЖИМОВ РАБОТЫ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ СЕТЕЙ

Purpose. Form a neuro-fuzzy network based on temperature monitoring of overhead transmission line for the prediction modes of the electrical network. Methodology. To predict the load capacity of the overhead line architecture provides the use of neuro-fuzzy network based on temperature monitoring of overhead line. The proposed neuro-fuzzy network has a four-layer architecture with direct transmission of information. To create a full mesh network architecture based on hybrid neural elements with power estimation accuracy of the following two stages of the procedure: - in the first stage a core network (without power estimation accuracy) is generated; - in the second stage architecture and network parameters are fixed obtained during the first stage, and it is added to the block estimation accuracy, the input signals which are all input, internal and output signals of the core network, as well as additional input signals. Results. Formed neuro-fuzzy network based on temperature monitoring of overhead line. Originality. A distinctive feature of the proposed network is the ability to process information specified in the different scales of measurement, and high performance for prediction modes mains. Practical value. The monitoring system will become a tool parameter is measuring the temperature of the wire, which will, based on a retrospective analysis of the accumulated information on the parameters to predict the thermal resistance of the HV line and as a result carry out the calculation of load capacity in real time.В статье сформирована нейро-фаззи сеть с учетом температурного мониторинга воздушной линии. Отличительной особенностью, предложенной сети, являются возможность обработки информации, заданной в разных шкалах измерения, и высокое быстродействие для прогнозирования режимов работы электрической сети.У статті сформована нейро-фаззі мережа з урахуванням температурного моніторингу повітряної лінії. Відмінною особливістю, запропонованої мережі, є можливість обробки інформації, яку задано в різних шкалах вимірювання, і висока швидкодія для прогнозування режимів роботи електричної мережі

Nomenclatural standards and genetic passports of potato cultivars bred by the Omsk Agrarian Research Center

In accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, five nomenclature standards were prepared for five potato сultivars* bred in the Omsk Agrarian Research Center: ‘Alena’, ‘Bylina Sibiri’, ‘Večernij Omsk’, ‘Triumf’, ‘Hozâûška’. Genetic passport of these five cultivars were carried out according to the new integrated strategy developed at VIR. According to the strategy, the plant material donated by the author of the cultivars to the VIR Herbarium was used for molecular genotyping. Genetic passports included data of allelic composition of eight chromosome specific microsatellite loci, markers of different types of organelle DNA, as well as data about diagnostic fragments of 15 markers of 11 R-genes conferring resistance to the most dangerous diseases and pests of potato: late blight, nematodes, potato X and Y viruses. Data from the developed genetic passports of five Omsk cultivars were compared to the results of genotyping of samples of the same cultivars obtained from different sources. Based on the analysis of pedigrees and genetic passports of these five cultivars we established the origin of their resistance to harmful organisms

Ротационная борона для грядовых обработок посадок картофеля

It was established that quality pre-emergence cultivation of potato ridges depends on possibility of surface copying by working tools of a rotary harrow because of their vibrations. Rotary harrow design having damping devices and V-shaped spike tooth was suggested. Energy consumption evaluation depending on its speed, soil drag, operating modes and design parameters of working tools were researched. The optimal chain changing tension range was founded (100-120 H). Thus, the specific traction resistance of the newly developed harrow equaled 200-210 H/m, or 20 percent lower than that of a serial one. Data of field experiments characterizing influence of a harrow on quality of ridge cultivation and yield of potatoes were presented. It was showed that it is possible to create more favorable conditions for development and growth of potato due to use new harrow. As result potatoes yield increased by 1.2 -1.5 t/ha, or 4-6 percent. Fuel savings amounted to 12 percent.Установили, что качество довсходовой обработки гряд зависит от возможности копирования поверхности рабочими органами ротационной бороны вследствие создания ими поперечных колебаний. Предложили конструкцию ротационной бороны с демпфирующими устройствами и зубом V-образной формы. Исследовали зависимость энергоемкости бороны от скорости ее движения, сопротивления почвы, режимов работы и конструктивных параметров рабочих органов. Выявили оптимальный диапазон натяжения цепи бороны (100-120 Н). При этом удельное тяговое сопротивление разработанной бороны составило 200-210 Н/м, или на 20 процентов ниже, чем у серийной. Привели данные полевых опытов, характеризующие влияние бороны на качество обработки гряды и урожайность картофеля. Показали возможность создания более благоприятных условий для развития и роста картофеля с помощью использования новой бороны, что повысило урожайность, в сравнении с серийной бороной, на 1,2-1,5 т/га, или на 4-6 процентов. Экономия топлива составила 12 процентов

Influence of anionic surfactant on stability of nanoparticles in aqueous solutions

Dispersion and aggregation of nanoparticles in aqueous solutions are important factors for safe and effective application of nanoparticles, for instance, in the oil industry. As conventional oil reserves are depleted, it is necessary to advance chemical enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) techniques to develop unconventional oil reservoirs. Nanoparticles modified by surfactants can be a promising reagent in cEOR. These nanomaterials can reduce interfacial tension and change the wettability of reservoir rock, which leads to an increase in oil recovery. However, the application of nanoparticles is limited by their substantial aggregation in aqueous solutions. The purpose of this work is to select nanoparticles for obtaining stable sols in water in the presence of an anionic surfactant and to optimize the conditions (pH) for further modifying the nanoparticles with the anionic surfactant. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is used as an anionic surfactant. The aggregation of oxide and carbon nanoparticles in water and anionic surfactant solutions was studied by laser diffraction, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering methods. Most of the studied nanoparticles in water form aggregates with bi-, three- and polymodal particle size distributions. TiO2 nanoparticles obtained by plasma dynamic synthesis form the most stable sols in anionic surfactant solutions. The range of 5–7 pH is defined as optimal for their modification with surfactants. The stability of carbon nanoparticles in aqueous solutions increases significantly in the presence of a surfactant. The obtained results form the basis for further research on the modification of marked nanoparticles in surfactant solutions

Методика оценки использования энергии рекуперации

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT With an annual increase in the volume of energy regenerated by rolling stock, an assessment of the use of such energy becomes particularly topical. The article defines the regenerative energy efficiency indicators for braking and i t s components. The influencing factors and the empirical coefficients determining the degree and nature of the energy distribution of regeneration at the railway section, are determined. The initial data are listed, preparatory calculations and the algorithm of the method of evaluating the efficiency of regeneration are presented. A method is proposed for distributing the energy returned to traction substations according to the components of its beneficial use. Keywords: railway, regeneration, energy efficiency, traction power supply system, traction substationsТекст аннотации на англ. языке и полный текст статьи на англ. языке находится в прилагаемом файле ПДФ (англ. версия следует после русской версии).При ежегодном росте объёмов энергии, рекуперируемой подвижным составом, особую актуальность приобретает оценка использования такой энергии. В статье определены показатели эффективности энергии рекуперации при торможении и её составляющие. Выявлены влияющие на это факторы и эмпирические коэффициенты, корректирующие оценку распределения энергии рекуперации на участке. Перечислены исходные данные, представлены подготовительные расчёты и сам алгоритм методики оценки эффективности рекуперации. Предложен способ распределения возвращённой на тяговые подстанции энергии по составным её полезного использования

МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕПЛОВОГО РЕЖИМА ПЕЧИ-КОВША ПРИ ПУЗЫРЬКОВОЙ ПРОДУВКЕ РАСПЛАВА ГАЗОМ. СООБЩЕНИЕ IV

A significant effect on heat transfer during copper fire refining in a ladle furnace is caused not only by forming and motion of gas bubbles in a melt, but also by the volume content of gas bubbles. The presented mathematical model analyzes the effect of melt gas fullness during blowing and gas temperature under the cover on an average temperature of the melt being refined.Значительное влияние на теплообмен при проведении огневого рафинирования меди в печи-ковше оказывают не только формирование и движение газовых пузырей в расплаве, но и объемное содержание в нем газа в виде пузырей. В представленной математической модели рассмотрено влияние газонаполненности расплава при продувке и температуры газов под крышкой на среднюю температуру рафинируемого расплава

Роль 3D-моделирования в хирургии поджелудочной железы: обзор

INTRODUCTION: Surgical interventions on the pancreas are technically complex and are accompanied by a fairly large number of complications, which is largely due to the variant anatomy of the pancreas.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the possibilities of 3D modeling in the surgical treatment of pancreatic diseases according to the literature.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature searched in Russian and English for the period from 2017 to 2022 in Medline/PubMed, RSCI/Elibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar databases. The search was conducted on the keywords: pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic resection, computed tomography, 3-D modeling, 3-D reconstruction, surgical planning, surgical intervention, pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, pancreas cancer, pancreatectomy, computed tomography, 3-D modeling, 3D reconstruction, surgical planning.RESULTS: 49 publications on various aspects of the use of 3D modeling in pancreatic surgery were included in the final analysis. The diagnostic value of building three-dimensional models in assessing the resectability of pancreatic tumors, identifying individual topographic and anatomical features of the pancreatobiliary zone, which should be taken into account during surgery to avoid intra- and postoperative complications, is shown. Examples of a description based on 3D modeling of rare vascular anomalies and cysts that are not visualized according to standard computed tomography in patients who are scheduled for pancreatic surgery are presented. The importance of postoperative 3D modeling of the pancreas for assessing the adequacy of the surgical intervention and early detection of possible complications of the operation is indicated.CONCLUSION: 3D modeling is an innovative and promising diagnostic method that allows increasing the information content of standard computed tomography in pancreatic surgery. 3D models make it possible to select patients for pancreatic resection and substantiate the most optimal surgical strategy. In the future, we should expect an improvement in the results of surgical treatment of pancreatic tumors and complicated pancreatitis.ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Хирургические вмешательства на поджелудочной железе отличаются технической сложностью и сопровождаются достаточно большим количеством осложнений, что во многом обусловлено вариантой анатомией поджелудочной железы.ЦЕЛЬ: Оценить возможности 3D-моделирования при хирургическом лечении заболеваний поджелудочной железы по данным литературы.МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Выполнен поиск литературы на русском и английском языках за период с 2017 по 2022 гг. в базах данных Medline/PubMed, РИНЦ/Elibrary, КиберЛенинка, Google Scholar по ключевым словам: поджелудочная железа, хронический панкреатит, рак поджелудочной железы, резекция поджелудочной железы, компьютерная томография, 3D-моделирование, 3D-реконструкция, хирургическое планирование, хирургическое вмешательство, pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, pancreas cancer, pancreatectomy, computed tomography, 3D modeling, 3D reconstruction, surgical planning.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: В окончательный анализ были включены 49 публикаций, посвященных различным аспектам применения 3D-моделирования в хирургии поджелудочной железы. Показана диагностическая ценность построения трехмерных моделей в оценке резектабельности опухолей поджелудочной железы, выявлении индивидуальных топографо-анатомических особенностей панкреатобилиарной зоны, которые должны учитываться во время операции во избежание интра- и послеоперационных осложнений. Представлены примеры описания на основе 3D-моделирования редких сосудистых аномалий и кист, не визуализированных по данным стандартной компьютерной томографии, у пациентов, которым планируется операция на поджелудочной железе. Обозначена значимость послеоперационного 3D-моделирования поджелудочной железы для оценки адекватности проведенного хирургического вмешательства и раннего выявления возможных осложнений операции.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: 3D-моделирование является инновационным и перспективным методом диагностики, который позволяет повысить информативность стандартной компьютерной томографии в хирургии поджелудочной железы. 3D-модели позволяют отобрать пациентов для резекции поджелудочной железы и обосновать оптимальную хирургическую стратегию. В перспективе следует ожидать улучшение результатов хирургического лечения опухолей поджелудочной железы и осложненного панкреатит