Esperienze progettuali di edifici per attività natatorie

Alla città di Milano manca un centro natatorio di spicco atto ad ospitare eventi sportivi di caratura internazionale. L’articolo affronta il tema della progettazione di edifici per attività natatorie proponendo l’inquadramento di possibili soluzioni progettuali attraverso degli studi eseguiti nell’ambito del corso “Building Technology Studio” al Politecnico di Milano. I progetti sono contestualizzati nell’ambito di un quartiere originariamente pensato per il rapporto con l’acqua, ovvero Porto di Mare, sito alla periferia sud-est di Milano

Quantitative Behavioural Reasoning for Higher-order Effectful Programs: Applicative Distances (Extended Version)

This paper studies the quantitative refinements of Abramsky's applicative similarity and bisimilarity in the context of a generalisation of Fuzz, a call-by-value $\lambda$-calculus with a linear type system that can express programs sensitivity, enriched with algebraic operations \emph{\`a la} Plotkin and Power. To do so a general, abstract framework for studying behavioural relations taking values over quantales is defined according to Lawvere's analysis of generalised metric spaces. Barr's notion of relator (or lax extension) is then extended to quantale-valued relations adapting and extending results from the field of monoidal topology. Abstract notions of quantale-valued effectful applicative similarity and bisimilarity are then defined and proved to be a compatible generalised metric (in the sense of Lawvere) and pseudometric, respectively, under mild conditions

The Power of Non-Determinism in Higher-Order Implicit Complexity

We investigate the power of non-determinism in purely functional programming languages with higher-order types. Specifically, we consider cons-free programs of varying data orders, equipped with explicit non-deterministic choice. Cons-freeness roughly means that data constructors cannot occur in function bodies and all manipulation of storage space thus has to happen indirectly using the call stack. While cons-free programs have previously been used by several authors to characterise complexity classes, the work on non-deterministic programs has almost exclusively considered programs of data order 0. Previous work has shown that adding explicit non-determinism to cons-free programs taking data of order 0 does not increase expressivity; we prove that this - dramatically - is not the case for higher data orders: adding non-determinism to programs with data order at least 1 allows for a characterisation of the entire class of elementary-time decidable sets. Finally we show how, even with non-deterministic choice, the original hierarchy of characterisations is restored by imposing different restrictions.Comment: pre-edition version of a paper accepted for publication at ESOP'1

Impulse Control Disorder in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive, Affective, and Motivational Correlates

Background: In Parkinson's disease (PD), impulse control disorders (ICDs) develop as side-effect of dopaminergic replacement therapy (DRT). Cognitive, affective, and motivational correlates of ICD in medicated PD patients are debated. Here, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the evidence for an association between ICD in PD and cognitive, affective, and motivational abnormalities.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on PubMed, Science Direct, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane, EBSCO for studies published between 1-1-2000 and 8-3-2017 comparing cognitive, affective, and motivational measures in PD patients with ICD (ICD+) vs. those without ICD (ICD–). Exclusion criteria were conditions other than PD, substance and/or alcohol abuse, dementia, drug naïve patients, cognition assessed by self-report tools. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used, and random-effect model applied.Results: 10,200 studies were screened (title, abstract), 79 full-texts were assessed, and 25 were included (ICD+: 625 patients; ICD–: 938). Compared to ICD–, ICD+ showed worse performance reward-related decision-making (0.42 [0.02, 0.82], p = 0.04) and set-shifting tasks (SMD = −0.49 [95% CI −0.78, −0.21], p = 0.0008). ICD in PD was also related to higher self-reported rate of depression (0.35 [0.16, 0.54], p = 0.0004), anxiety (0.43 [0.18, 0.68], p = 0.0007), anhedonia (0.26 [0.01, 0.50], p = 0.04), and impulsivity (0.79 [0.50, 1.09], p < 0.00001). Heterogeneity was low to moderate, except for depression (I2 = 61%) and anxiety (I2 = 58%).Conclusions: ICD in PD is associated with worse set-shifting and reward-related decision-making, and increased depression, anxiety, anhedonia, and impulsivity. This is an important area for further studies as ICDs have negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers

Cosmic ray short burst observed with the Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN) on June 22, 2015

We analyze the short cosmic ray intensity increase ("cosmic ray burst": CRB) on June 22, 2015 utilizing a global network of muon detectors and derive the global anisotropy of cosmic ray intensity and the density (i.e. the omnidirectional intensity) with 10-minute time resolution. We find that the CRB was caused by a local density maximum and an enhanced anisotropy of cosmic rays both of which appeared in association with Earth's crossing of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). This enhanced anisotropy was normal to the HCS and consistent with a diamagnetic drift arising from the spatial gradient of cosmic ray density, which indicates that cosmic rays were drifting along the HCS from the north of Earth. We also find a significant anisotropy along the HCS, lasting a few hours after the HCS crossing, indicating that cosmic rays penetrated into the inner heliosphere along the HCS. Based on the latest geomagnetic field model, we quantitatively evaluate the reduction of the geomagnetic cut-off rigidity and the variation of the asymptotic viewing direction of cosmic rays due to a major geomagnetic storm which occurred during the CRB and conclude that the CRB is not caused by the geomagnetic storm, but by a rapid change in the cosmic ray anisotropy and density outside the magnetosphere.Comment: accepted for the publication in the Astrophysical Journa

Estimation of the length of interactions in arena game semantics

We estimate the maximal length of interactions between strategies in HO/N game semantics, in the spirit of the work by Schwichtenberg and Beckmann for the length of reduction in simply typed lambdacalculus. Because of the operational content of game semantics, the bounds presented here also apply to head linear reduction on lambda-terms and to the execution of programs by abstract machines (PAM/KAM), including in presence of computational effects such as non-determinism or ground type references. The proof proceeds by extracting from the games model a combinatorial rewriting rule on trees of natural numbers, which can then be analyzed independently of game semantics or lambda-calculus.Comment: Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures 14th International Conference, FOSSACS 2011, Saarbr\"ucken : Germany (2011