Macroscopic and microscopical investigations of the effects of alcoholic extract of henna (Lawsonia inermis) on skin healing of experimentally induced tissue damage in macro fish (Labidochromis caeruleus)

One of the well-known herbal drugs is henna (Lawsonia inermis). According to the components in henna, several beneficial properties (i.e., antimicrobial, anti-inflammation, wound healing, trypsin inhibitory and antioxidant) have been reported. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of two natural substances (sodium chloride and henna extract) on experimental skin lesion due to pulling out scales and trypsin injection (0/02 ml, beneath dorsal fin). For this purpose, 54 fish in weight 5/5±0/55 of were divided to 3 groups, with eighteen fish in each group. Fishes were placed in laboratory condition in 22-25 ˚C. Two, four and six days after induction of skin injury, fishes were treated with different agents for 10 minutes. First group was treated in salt water 1%, second group in henna extract 0.5% and the control group without any additives. The fish were sampled weekly, 3 times by sampling from the wound. Macroscopic examination showed that color changes of wound place decreased in henna group in comparison with that other groups. In third week of healing, normal appearance of skin were seen in most of fishes in henna and salt groups. Microscopic study revealed a decrease in inflammatory cells infiltration in henna group second week after induction of skin injury. It seems that henna by decreasing inflammatory process, can also prevent skin damage and secondary infections that can help faster and more effective on wound healing than salt bath in fish

Ileal intussusception secondary to both lipoma and angiolipoma: a case report

Lipoma and angiolipoma are common benign neoplasms that occur in the subcutaneous tissue and rarely in the gastrointestinal tract. These tumors are usually asymptomatic but may present with abdominal pain, bleeding and obstruction. We present a 53-years-old woman with abdominal discomfort for several weeks accompanied with bloody diarrhea and recurrent vomiting. Ileo-ileal invagination was diagnosed by computed tomography scan. Laparotomy revealed five intraluminal masses that caused intussusception. Histopathological study showed that one was angiolipoma and other lesions were lipoma. We have described some aspects of diagnosis and treatment of this rare cause of intestinal intussusception

Optimization of photochemical decomposition acetamiprid pesticide from aqueous solutions and effluent toxicity assessment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BCRC using response surface methodology

Contamination of water resources by acetamiprid pesticide is considered one of the main environmental problems. The aim of this study was the optimization of acetamiprid removal from aqueous solutions by TiO2/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite using the response surface methodology (RSM) with toxicity assessment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BCRC. To obtain the optimum condition for acetamiprid degradation using RSM and central composite design (CCD). The magnetic TiO2/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using co-precipitation and sol�gel methods. The surface morphology of the nanocomposite and magnetic properties of the as-synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterised by scanning electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. In this study, toxicity assessment tests have been carried out by determining the activity of dehydrogenase enzyme reducing Resazurin (RR) and colony forming unit (CFU) methods. According to CCD, quadratic optimal model with R2 = 0.99 was used. By analysis of variance, the most effective values of each factor were determined in each experiment. According to the results, the most optimal conditions for removal efficiency of acetamiprid (pH = 7.5, contact time = 65 min, and dose of nanoparticle 550 mg/L) was obtained at 76.55. Effect concentration (EC50) for RR and CFU test were 1.950 and 2.050 mg/L, respectively. Based on the results obtained from the model, predicted response values showed high congruence with actual response values. And, the model was suitable for the experiment�s design conditions. © 2017, The Author(s)

Optimization of photochemical decomposition acetamiprid pesticide from aqueous solutions and effluent toxicity assessment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BCRC using response surface methodology

Contamination of water resources by acetamiprid pesticide is considered one of the main environmental problems. The aim of this study was the optimization of acetamiprid removal from aqueous solutions by TiO2/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite using the response surface methodology (RSM) with toxicity assessment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BCRC. To obtain the optimum condition for acetamiprid degradation using RSM and central composite design (CCD). The magnetic TiO2/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using co-precipitation and sol�gel methods. The surface morphology of the nanocomposite and magnetic properties of the as-synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterised by scanning electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. In this study, toxicity assessment tests have been carried out by determining the activity of dehydrogenase enzyme reducing Resazurin (RR) and colony forming unit (CFU) methods. According to CCD, quadratic optimal model with R2 = 0.99 was used. By analysis of variance, the most effective values of each factor were determined in each experiment. According to the results, the most optimal conditions for removal efficiency of acetamiprid (pH = 7.5, contact time = 65 min, and dose of nanoparticle 550 mg/L) was obtained at 76.55. Effect concentration (EC50) for RR and CFU test were 1.950 and 2.050 mg/L, respectively. Based on the results obtained from the model, predicted response values showed high congruence with actual response values. And, the model was suitable for the experiment�s design conditions. © 2017, The Author(s)

Spatial distribution, occurrence, and health risk assessment of nitrate, fluoride, and arsenic in Bam groundwater resource, Iran

Evidence shows that exposure to high levels of arsenic, fluoride, and nitrate may be contributing to adverse hygienic effects. This work was carried out to detect the concentration of arsenic (As), fluoride (F−), and nitrate (NO3) in the groundwater resource of Bam, southeastern Iran and approximate their health risk to citizenships. The GIS-mapping of As, F−, and NO3 concentrations was accomplished. As, F−, and NO3 concentrations in studied drinking water samples have been ranged from 9.26 to 14.65 μg/L, 0.91–1.12 mg/L, and 8.50–10.85 mg/L, respectively. Based on results, all measured concentrations of F− and NO3 were lower than the WHO standard value, while As levels were higher than the allowed value. The acquired findings revealed that the mean risk of As is 5.372 for oral hazard quotient (HQ) and 1.407 for dermal one. For F−, HQ values for children were computed above one for study areas, while all HQ values for adults were below one. The values of dermal and oral HQ for both groups obtained >1 for NO3. Among studied contaminants, the carcinogenic risk (CR) values of As was more than one. The results showed that the carcinogenicity ratio of ‘children to adults’ is equal to 3.8 for As and 2.33 for NO3. For all examined pollutants, the health risks of dermal exposure were less than that of oral. The levels of non-cancer and cancer risk for children were greater than those for adults. The highest non-carcinogenic risk in study areas was related to As. This research proposes that any attempt to mitigate the arsenic of the Bam citizenships must consider the health risk of As exposure from potable water

A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil

Introduction: This study aimed to assess a good protocol for the contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. Materials and Methods: In the first step, samples were taken from top soil (30 cm) and the metals were extracted and detected with ICP-AES. In the second step, Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, and Contamination Factor of metals were calculated to determine soil contamination degree. Furthermore, the principal component analysis and correlation between metals were conducted for source identification. Results: Spatial analysis, as an important section of the present protocol, was performed using Arc GIS, kriging, and Moran�s I models. As results of Moran�s I model showed, distribution pattern for Fe, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were random (z-scores ranged from -1.17 to 1.09), indicatingthat these elements could be emitted from different potential sources. In Moran�s model, spatial autocorrelation of each pollutant could be measured based on its value and location. Conclusion: The finding of this protocol can be used for extraction of contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. © 2020. All Rights Reserved

A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil

Introduction: This study aimed to assess a good protocol for the contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. Materials and Methods: In the first step, samples were taken from top soil (30 cm) and the metals were extracted and detected with ICP-AES. In the second step, Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, and Contamination Factor of metals were calculated to determine soil contamination degree. Furthermore, the principal component analysis and correlation between metals were conducted for source identification. Results: Spatial analysis, as an important section of the present protocol, was performed using Arc GIS, kriging, and Moran�s I models. As results of Moran�s I model showed, distribution pattern for Fe, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were random (z-scores ranged from -1.17 to 1.09), indicatingthat these elements could be emitted from different potential sources. In Moran�s model, spatial autocorrelation of each pollutant could be measured based on its value and location. Conclusion: The finding of this protocol can be used for extraction of contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. © 2020. All Rights Reserved

Equilibrium and Kinetic Modeling of Heavy Metals Biosorption from Three Different Real Industrial Wastewaters Onto Ulothrix Zonata Algae

Abstract: Biosorption can be an effective process for the removal of heavy metal from industrial wastewaters. In this paper, the biosorption of copper, zinc, lead, and cadmium from industrial wastewaters by Ulothrix Zonata algae was investigated in batch experiments. The influence of algal dosage, initial concentration of heavy metals, sorption time, particle size, pH and temperature on removal efficiencies of Ulothrix Zonata was studied. Freundlich and Langmuir models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherms. The experimental data have been analyzed using first and second order kinetics. In 25 °C, pH of 4 to 5, contact time of 60 min and adsorbent level of 1.5 g/L, removal level of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium was 98.2%, 96%, 98.4% and 94.7% respectively. Among variables studied here, pH played an important role in absorption level of metals so that in pH of 3 to 5, the highest absorption level was observed. Kinetic data of this study were fitted to second-order models. The adsorption equilibrium was represented with Freundlich and Langmuir 2 adsorption isotherms. Isotherm parameters show that adsorbent capacity for adsorbing lead is higher, while adsorbing cadmium needs more energy. Concerning high absorption efficiency, Ulothrix Zonata algae can effectively be used to biosorption heavy metals from industrial wastewater