The Stigmatization of Trauma: A Reflection on Mahesh Dattani's Select Works

Trauma is a response to an experience that devastates a person mentally. It frequently causes shock, denial, and changes in the body, mind, and behavior. People witness difficult circumstances and long-lasting repercussions on their psychological and physical well-being due to trauma. The chosen plays Tara and 30 Days in September are examined using trauma theory. The traumatic stigma of victimized characters and their offenders are explored and brought to light in the present study. The paper maps out the common aspects of trauma in Mahesh Dattani's plays and creates a portal for scholarly reflections on the author's ideology of trauma. It attempts to explore the reason behind the abnormal behavior of the characters and argues that childhood plays a major role in shaping the behavioral attributes of the adults. The researcher has made thematic analysis on the select plays through attentive reading. The study aims to develop an in-depth understanding on the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on the characters taken for study and the possible ways to liberate from traumatic disorder. It strives to cease the stigmatization of trauma and emphasizes the fact that proper counseling, care and support will help the trauma affected characters to recover from the disorder

Antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi isolated from Nerium oleander L.

Endophytic fungi found inside the plant tissue are endosymbionts, protecting their host from pests, pathogens, etc. Twenty eight endophytic fungi were isolated from different parts of Nerium oleander L., out of which, 54 of isolates were from flower, 39 from stem and 7 from leaf parts. Thirty six percent of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens. The potential isolates such as Fusarium semitectum (Nof-3), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Nof-7), Alternaria alternata (Nof-8) and Mycelia Sterilia sp.1 (Nos-6) were subjected to the production and extraction of secondary metabolites. All the four fungal extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus at 20 μg/mL (MIC). Extracts of C. gloeosporioides and Mycelia Sterilia sp.1 showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at MIC of 20 μg/mL. The growth of Escherichia coli was suppressed by all the tested extracts at MIC of 20 μg/mL except F. semitectum. A. alternata & Mycelia Sterilia sp.1 extracts were active against Salmonella typhimurium at 20 μg/mL. The growth of Candida albicans was inhibited by Mycelia Sterilia sp.1 at 20 μg/mL. The zones of inhibition were statistically significant with respective positive controls

A Study on Abstractive Summarization Techniques in Indian Languages

AbstractNatural Language Processing is a vast area which has great importance when people started to interpret human language from one form to another. Summarization is one of the research works in NLP which concentrates on providing meaningful summary using various NLP tools and techniques. Since huge amount of information is used across the digital world, it is highly essential to have automatic summarization techniques. Extractive and Abstractive summarization are the two summarization techniques available. A lot of research works are being carried out in this area especially in extractive summarization. Even though more works are carried out using extractive method, meaningful summary can be attained using abstractive summary techniques which make it more complex. In Indian languages, very few works are carried out in the field of abstractive summarization and there is high need for having research works being carried out in this area. Here, we are concentrating on the various techniques available for abstractive summarization and also try to explain the limited works currently available in abstractive summary field of Indian languages

Seismic analysis of multi-storeyed building with floating column using fluid viscous dampers.

Nowadays many multi-storeyed buildings in India have open ground storey for providing better parking facilities, reception lobbies and other amenities. It is required to have column free space due to shortage of space, increase in population and also for functional and aesthetic requirement.For this purpose, building is provided with floating column at one or more storey.Floating column is a vertical member but its lower end is not connected to the foundation. Its lower end rest on beam which is a horizontal member, this beam transfers the load of floating column to other columns below it.The most common use of a floating column is to build a soft storey on the ground floor to provide extra parking or entrance corridor space.But such features are highly unwanted in seismically active region. The present study proposes a practical solution for reducing the risk of earthquake effects associated with floating column building by strengthening them with using fluid viscous dampers. The main aim of the work is to highlights the performance of floating column building and compare floating column building with and without using fluid viscous dampers. Seismic analysis is carried out by using response spectrum analysis as per IS: 1893-2002. The Seismic assessment is executed by using ETABS software

Automatic summarization of Malayalam documents using clause identification method

Text summarization is an active research area in the field of natural language processing. Huge amount of information in the internet necessitates the development of automatic summarization systems. There are two types of summarization techniques: Extractive and Abstractive. Extractive summarization selects important sentences from the text and produces summary as it is present in the original document. Abstractive summarization systems will provide a summary of the input text as is generated by human beings. Abstractive summary requires semantic analysis of text. Limited works have been carried out in the area of abstractive summarization in Indian languages especially in Malayalam. Only extractive summarization methods are proposed in Malayalam. In this paper, an abstractive summarization system for Malayalam documents using clause identification method is proposed. As part of this research work, a POS tagger and a morphological analyzer for Malayalam words in cricket domain are also developed. The clauses from input sentences are identified using a modified clause identification algorithm. The clauses are then semantically analyzed using an algorithm to identify semantic triples - subject, object and predicate. The score of each clause is then calculated by using feature extraction and the important clauses which are to be included in the summary are selected based on this score. Finally an algorithm is used to generate the sentences from the semantic triples of the selected clauses which is the abstractive summary of input documents

Spectrally efficient multicarrier modulation system for visible light communication

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has become an accolade to its radio frequency counterpart. In VLC system, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has drawn much attention, because of simple equalization, high spectral efficiency, high data rate and robustness to intersymbol interference (ISI). Besides, there are emerging applications that ought to be gotten with low latency and high reliability. To diminish power requirements with no transmission capacity extension, Trellis coded modulation (TCM) is utilized as a part of the framework in which the free distance of trellis diagram is equivalent to the minimum distance between the points of constellation focuses in partitioned subsets, which augments the coding gain up i.e. the performance parameter viably. TCM together with VLC-OFDM enhances the transmission execution in reasonable frameworks. In this paper, we propose OFDM which is based on TCM and is planned and exeuted for digitized OFDM frameworks by presenting delta sigma modulation (DSM) considering VLC channel. Simulation results show that the proposed TCM based VLC-OFDM offers incredible robustness against noises and nonlinear degradation

Intra-Tribal Differences in Social Progress of the Tribes in Kerala: Realities and the Need for Inclusive Actions

The tribes in Kerala are continuously encountering threats of development due to lack of ownership and control of the means of production, illiteracy, occupational immobility etc. They form the most deprived and vulnerable group, engendering indelible dark spots in the glorified development experience of the state, widely known as ‘the Kerala model’. Situate this community from the outliers level to the central tendency stage is of outmost necessity both in terms of equity and inclusive standpoints. This is because the notion of development has changed dramatically from just material attainment to human development which is about enlarging people’s choices and enables them to live long qualitatively and creatively in every walks of social life in the society. The article is linked to the theoretical framework of social exclusion and poverty as there has a culture of poverty among the tribes that influences all aspects of their life including social, economic, cultural, educational and developmental. The article is based on primary data using stratified random sampling method encompassing 300 samples collected from 5 clusters from Wayanad and 3 clusters from Palakkad. The article tries to explore development of the community based on the methodological framework proposed by Social Progress Imperative groups in a dichotomous framework of tribal and intra-tribal levels using Social Progress Index (SPI) embedding three basic areas of  ‘Basic Human Needs’, ‘wellbeing’ and  ‘Opportunity’. The empirical results obtained from the study shows that there is marked differences in the social progress levels of different tribal sub-groups of Kerala. Keywords: Tribes, Social Progress Index, poverty, social exclusion, SL

Amylase production by endophytic fungi Cylindrocephalumsp. isolated from medicinal plant Alpinia calcarata (Haw.) Roscoe.

Amylases are among the most important enzymes used in modern biotechnology particularly in the process involving starch hydrolysis. Fungal amylase has large applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. Considering these facts, endophytic fungi isolated from the plant Alpinia calcarata (Haw.) Roscoe were screened for amylolytic activity on glucose yeast extract peptone agar (GYP) medium. Among thirty isolates of endophytic fungi, isolate number seven identified as Cylindrocephalum sp. (Ac-7) showed highest amylolytic activity and was taken for further study. Influence of various physical and chemical factors such as pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources on amylase production in liquid media were studied. The maximal amylase production was found to be at 30(º)C and at pH 7.0 of the growth medium. Among the various carbon and nitrogen sources tested, maltose at 1.5% and Sodium nitrate at 0.3% respectively gave optimum amylase production

Smart Acknowledgement Distributed Channel Access Scheme for TCP in MANETs

TCP upon wireless networks is most challenging issue because of random losses and ACK interference. Also, TCP suffers from performance declination in terms of creating delay and overhead in network because of poor characteristics of wireless channel. In order to overcome these issues, we proposed a Smart Acknowledgement Distributed Channel Access (SADCA) scheme for TCP in MANETs. In the proposed scheme, first a separate Access Category (AC) for data less TCP acknowledgement packets is used and then it is assigned with highest priority. In this way, delay during transmission of packet can be reduced and also packet can be acknowledged immediately. Also, to increase the performance, delay window size can be adjusted by considering the parameters such as transmission rate, number of hops, and channel occupied ratio (COR). Hence the proposed scheme helps to avoid any kind of delay and overhead for sending TCP acknowledgemen

Caudal regression syndrome: a rare case report

Caudal regression syndrome is a rare disorder characterised by abnormal development of structures in the caudal region of the embryo like lower lumbar and sacral vertebrae, urogenital and lower gastrointestinal system. It is secondary to abnormal development of mesoderm. Multiple hypotheses like genetic, metabolic and vascular hypoperfusion have been proposed as etiologies. It can be picked up in early second trimester by ultrasound. It has a higher incidence in diabetic pregnancies