Study and application of the balloon frame system to the industrialization of housing: the case of the American System-Built Houses of Frank Lloyd Wright

[EN] Within his large architectural production, Frank Lloyd Wright had the opportunity to experiment with the timber industrialization, linking a traditional material with the modern sense of architecture. Wood and Frank Lloyd Wright are inseparable from the balloon frame system, a system which he will use at his first housing and through which he will materialize the spatial decomposition concept. The research on the particular American System-Built Houses case will serve to show the earliest experiences of Wright with the industry, whose conclusions he would use for subsequent researches on prefabrication.[ES] Dentro de su extensa producción arquitectónica, Frank Lloyd Wright tuvo ocasión para experimentar con la industrialización de la madera, trabando un material tradicional con el sentido moderno de la arquitectura. La madera y Frank Lloyd Wright son inseparables del sistema balloon frame, sistema que utilizará en sus primeras viviendas y a través del cual materializará su concepto de descomposición espacial. La investigación del caso concreto de las American System-Built Houses servirá para mostrar las experiencias más tempranas de Wright con la industria, cuyas conclusiones utilizaría para sus posteriores investigaciones sobre prefabricación.Serra Soriano, B.; Díaz Segura, AL.; Meri De La Maza, RM. (2017). Estudio y aplicación del sistema balloon frame a la industrialización de la vivienda: el caso de las American System-Built Houses de Frank Lloyd Wright. Informes de la Construcción. 69(546):1-11. doi:10.3989/ic.15.023S11169546(1) Sanz Esquide, J. A. (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright, p. 10, Barcelona: Ediciones del Serbal.(2) Hitchcock, H.-R. (1978). Frank Lloyd Wright. Obras 1887-1941, p. 66, Barcelona: Editorial Gustavo Gili.(3) Hitchcock, H.-R. (1978). Frank Lloyd Wright. Obras 1887-1941, p. 67, Barcelona: Editorial Gustavo Gili.(4) Hitchcock, H.-R. (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright y la tradición académica de principios de la década de 1890. En Sanz Esquide, J. A., Frank Lloyd Wright (p. 55). Barcelona: Ediciones del Serbal.(5) Seligmann, W. (1991). Evolution of the Prairie House. En McCarter, R. (Ed.), A Primer on Architectural Principles (p. 60). New York: Princeton Architectural Press.(6) Wright, F. Ll. (1998). Autobiografía 1867 [1944], p. 159, Madrid: El Croquis Editorial.(7) Wright, F. Ll. (1998). Autobiografía 1867 [1944], pp. 176-180, Madrid: El Croquis Editorial.(8) Scully, V. (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright y la estofa de los sue-os. En Sanz Esquide, J. A., Frank Lloyd Wright (p. 58). Barcelona: Ediciones del Serbal.(9) Norberg-Schulz, C. (2005). Los principios de la arquitectura moderna, p. 54, Barcelona: Editorial Reverté.(10) Wright, F. Ll. (1954). The natural house, p. 181, New York: Horizon Press.(11) Wright, F. Ll. (2010). Arquitectura moderna. The Kahn Lectures. Princeton 1930, p. 113, Madrid: Paidós Estética.(12) Wright, F. Ll. (2010). Arquitectura moderna. The Kahn Lectures. Princeton 1930, p. 140, Madrid: Paidós Estética.(13) Wright, F. Ll. (1998). Autobiografía 1867 [1944], p. 280, Madrid: El Croquis Editorial.(14) Martín-Saiz, D. (2013). Jaroslav J. Polivka y el Guggenheim Museum de New York. Informes de la Construcción, 65(531): 261-274.(15) Kaufmann, E. (1998). Frank Lloyd Wright. An american architecture, pp. 108-109, Arizona: The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation.(16) Giedion, S. (1967). Space, time and architecture, pp. 353-354, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.(17) Field, W. (1942). A reexamination into the invention of the balloon frame. Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians, 2(4): 3-29.(18) Sprague, P. E. (1981). The origin of balloon framing. Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians, 40(4): 311-319.(19) Woodward, G. E., Woodward, F. W. (1865). Woodward's Country Homes, New York: Stephen Hallet, Printer.(20) Turan, M. (2009). Reconstructing the balloon frame: a study in the history of architectonics. Journal of the Faculty of Architecture of the Middle East Technical University, 26(2): 175-209.21. Bergdoll, B., Christensen, P. (2008). Home delivery: fabricating the modern dwelling, p. 41, New York: The Museum of Modern Art.(22) Sprague, P. E. (1983). Chicago Balloon Frame. En Jandl, H. W., The Technology of Historic American Buildings: Studies of The Materials, Craft Processes, and The Mechanization of Building Construction (pp. 35-36). Washington, DC: Foundation for Preservation Technology.(23) Woodward, G. E., Woodward, F. W. (1865). Woodward's Country Homes, p. 166, New York: Stephen Hallet, Printer.24. Bergdoll, B., Christensen, P. (2008). Home delivery: fabricating the modern dwelling, p. 48, New York: The Museum of Modern Art.(25) Wright, F. Ll. (1998). Autobiografía 1867 [1944], p. 280, Madrid: El Croquis Editorial.(26) McCarter, R. (1997). Frank Lloyd Wright. Architect, p. 240, London: Phaidon Press Limited.(27) Samuelson, T. (1993). American System Built Houses designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. 10410 and 10541 South Hoyne Avenue, pp. 10-14, Chicago: Department of Planning and Development.(28) Storrer, W. A. (2006). The Frank Lloyd Wright Companion, p. 202, Chicago: The University Chicago Press.(29) Ford, E. R. (1990). The Details of Modern Architecture, vol. 1, p. 325, Cambridge: The MIT Press.30. Brooks Pfeiffer, B. (2011). Frank Lloyd Wright: the complete Works, vol. 1, 1885-1916, p. 519, Köln: TASCHEN GmbH.(31) Dow, A. B. (1963). The continuity of idea and form. En Placzek, A. K., Four great makers of modern architecture (p. 25). New York: Da Capo Press.(32) Wright, F. Ll. (1998). Autobiografía 1867 [1944], p. 183, Madrid: El Croquis Editorial

Frank Lloyd Wright Houses

Film: Super 8mm digitized by the Texas Archive of the Moving Image.This digitized film from the William A. Storrer papers shows three Frank Lloyd Wright properties. Storrer, a noted Frank Lloyd Wright scholar, visits the Abby Beecher Roberts residence (1936) in Marquette, Michigan, the Lovness residence (1955) in Stillwater, Minnesota, and the Dana-Thomas resisdence (1902) in Springfield, Illinois.UT Librarie

Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Carlos AC Pereira,1 Andréa Gimenez,2 Lilian Kuranishi,2 Karin Storrer 2 1Interstitial Lung Diseases Program, 2Pulmonology Postgraduate, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Abstract: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HSP) is a common interstitial lung disease resulting from inhalation of a large variety of antigens by susceptible individuals. The disease is best classified as acute and chronic. Chronic HSP can be fibrosing or not. Fibrotic HSP has a large differential diagnosis and has a worse prognosis. The most common etiologies for HSP are reviewed. Diagnostic criteria are proposed for both chronic forms based on exposure, lung auscultation, lung function tests, HRCT findings, bronchoalveolar lavage, and biopsies. Treatment options are limited, but lung transplantation results in greater survival in comparison to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Randomized trials with new antifibrotic agents are necessary. Keywords: interstitial lung diseases, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, diffuse lung disease, lung immune response, HRCT, farmers lun

Editorial

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