72 research outputs found
Reducción de fulfural a alcohol furfurÃlico sobre catalizadores de zirconio obtenidos por microemulsión
Corrigendum: Chronic Exposure to Malaria Is Associated with Inhibitory and Activation Markers on Atypical Memory B Cells and Marginal Zone-Like B Cells
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00966.]
Identification of a Photosystem II Phosphatase Involved in Light Acclimation in Arabidopsis
Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a major role in the acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to changes in light. Two paralogous kinases phosphorylate subsets of thylakoid membrane proteins. STN7 phosphorylates LHCII, the light harvesting antenna of photosystem II (PSII), to balance the activity of the two photosystems through state transitions. STN8, which is mainly involved in phosphorylation of PSII core subunits, influences folding of the thylakoid membranes and repair of PSII after photo-damage. The rapid reversibility of these acclimatory responses requires the action of protein phosphatases. In a reverse genetic screen we have identified the chloroplast PP2C phosphatase, PBCP (PHOTOSYSTEM II CORE PHOSPHATASE), which is required for efficient de-phosphorylation of PSII proteins. Its targets, identified by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, largely coincide with those of the kinase STN8. The recombinant phosphatase is active in vitro on a synthetic substrate or on isolated thylakoids. Thylakoid folding is affected in the absence of PBCP, while its over-expression alters the kinetics of state transitions. PBCP and STN8 form an antagonistic kinase and phosphatase pair whose substrate specificity and physiological functions are distinct from those of STN7 and the counteracting phosphatase PPH1 (TAP38), but their activities may overlap to some degree
Assessment of Physiological Rat Kidney Ageing—Implications for the Evaluation of Allograft Quality Prior to Renal Transplantation
Due to organ shortage and rising life expectancy the age of organ donors and recipients is increasing. Reliable biomarkers of organ quality that predict successful long-term transplantation outcomes are poorly defined. The aim of this study was the identification of age-related markers of kidney function that might accurately reflect donor organ quality. Histomorphometric, biochemical and molecular parameters were measured in young (3-month-old) and old (24-month-old) male Sprague Dawley rats. In addition to conventional methods, we used urine metabolomics by NMR spectroscopy and gene expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR to identify markers of ageing relevant to allograft survival. Beside known markers of kidney ageing like albuminuria, changes in the concentration of urine metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, trigonelline, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, hippurate, glutamine, acetoacetate, valine and 1-methyl-histidine were identified in association with ageing. In addition, expression of several genes of the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, known for their implication in inflammaging, were upregulated in the kidneys of old rats. This study led to the identification of age-related markers of biological allograft age potentially relevant for allograft survival in the future. Among those, urine metabolites and markers of immunity and inflammation, which are highly relevant to immunosuppression in transplant recipients, are promising and deserve further investigation in humans
Naturally Acquired Binding-Inhibitory Antibodies to Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein in Pregnant Women Are Associated with Higher Birth Weight in a Multicenter Study
A vaccine to eliminate malaria would need a multi-stage and
multi-species composition to achieve robust protection, but the
lack of knowledge about antigen targets and mechanisms of
protection precludes the development of fully efficacious
malaria vaccines, especially for Plasmodium vivax (Pv). Pregnant
women constitute a risk population who would greatly benefit
from a vaccine preventing the adverse events of Plasmodium
infection during gestation. We hypothesized that functional
immune responses against putative targets of naturally acquired
immunity to malaria and vaccine candidates will be associated
with protection against malaria infection and/or poor outcomes
during pregnancy. We measured (i) IgG responses to a large panel
of Pv and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) antigens, (ii) the capacity
of anti-Pv ligand Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) antibodies to
inhibit binding to Duffy antigen, and (iii) cellular immune
responses to two Pv antigens, in a subset of 1,056 pregnant
women from Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, India, and Papua New
Guinea (PNG). There were significant intraspecies and
interspecies correlations for most antibody responses (e.g.,
PfMSP119 versus PfAMA1, Spearman's rho = 0.81). Women from PNG
and Colombia had the highest levels of IgG overall.
Submicroscopic infections seemed sufficient to boost antibody
responses in Guatemala but not antigen-specific cellular
responses in PNG. Brazil had the highest percentage of Duffy
binding inhibition (p-values versus Colombia: 0.040; Guatemala:
0.047; India: 0.003, and PNG: 0.153) despite having low
anti-PvDBP IgG levels. Almost all antibodies had a positive
association with present infection, and coinfection with the
other species increased this association. Anti-PvDBP,
anti-PfMSP1, and anti-PfAMA1 IgG levels at recruitment were
positively associated with infection at delivery (p-values:
0.010, 0.003, and 0.023, respectively), suggesting that they are
markers of malaria exposure. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
from Pv-infected women presented fewer CD8+IFN-gamma+ T cells
and secreted more G-CSF and IL-4 independently of the stimulus
used in vitro. Functional anti-PvDBP levels at recruitment had a
positive association with birth weight (difference per doubling
antibody levels: 45 g, p-value: 0.046). Thus, naturally acquired
binding-inhibitory antibodies to PvDBP might confer protection
against poor outcomes of Pv malaria in pregnancy
Phase 1 dose-escalation study of the PARP inhibitor CEP-9722 as monotherapy or in combination with temozolomide in patients with solid tumors
Third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in diabetic patients: 5Â years follow-up
How protein targeting to primary plastids via the endomembrane system could have evolved? A new hypothesis based on phylogenetic studies
Atrial fibrillation and silent stroke: links, risks, and challenges
Kathrin Hahne,1 Gerold Mönnig,2 Alexander Samol1 1Division of Cardiology, 2Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, GermanyAbstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with a projected number of 1 million affected subjects in Germany. Changes in age structure of the Western population allow for the assumption that the number of concerned people is going to be doubled, maybe tripled, by the year 2050. Large epidemiological investigations showed that AF leads to a significant increase in mortality and morbidity. Approximately one-third of all strokes are caused by AF and, due to thromboembolic cause, these strokes are often more severe than those caused by other etiologies. Silent brain infarction is defined as the presence of cerebral infarction in the absence of corresponding clinical symptomatology. Progress in imaging technology simplifies diagnostic procedures of these lesions and leads to a large amount of diagnosed lesions, but there is still no final conclusion about frequency, risk factors, and clinical relevance of these infarctions. The prevalence of silent strokes in patients with AF is higher compared to patients without AF, and several studies reported high incidence rates of silent strokes after AF ablation procedures. While treatment strategies to prevent clinically apparent strokes in patients with AF are well investigated, the role of anticoagulatory treatment for prevention of silent infarctions is unclear. This paper summarizes developments in diagnosis of silent brain infarction and its context to AF.Keywords: atrial fibrillation, silent strokes, cardiac embolic events, stroke ris
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