321 research outputs found
Scaling and Decoherence in the Out-of-Equilibrium Kondo Model
We study the Kondo effect in quantum dots in an out-of-equilibrium state due
to an applied dc-voltage bias. Using the method of infinitesimal unitary
transformations (flow equations), we develop a perturbative scaling picture
that naturally contains both equilibrium coherent and non-equilibrium
decoherence effects. This framework allows one to study the competition between
Kondo effect and current-induced decoherence, and it establishes a large regime
dominated by single-channel Kondo physics for asymmetrically coupled quantum
dots.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor changes (typos corrected, esp. in Eqs.
(3), (4), references updated, improved layout for figures
Exact trimer ground states on a spin-1 chain
We construct a new spin-1 model on a chain. Its ground state is determined
exactly which is three-fold degenerate by breaking translational invariance.
Thus we have trimerization. Excited states cannot be obtained exactly, but we
determine a few low-lying ones by using trial states, among them solitons
Emergence of Quintet Superfluidity in the Chain of Partially Polarized Spin-3/2 Ultracold Atom
The system of ultracold atoms with hyperfine spin might be unstable
against the formation of quintet pairs if the interaction is attractive in the
quintet channel. We have investigated the behavior of correlation functions in
a model including only s-wave interactions at quarter filling by large-scale
density-matrix renormalization-group simulations. We show that the correlations
of quintet pairs become quasi-long-ranged, when the system is partially
polarized, leading to the emergence of various mixed superfluid phases in which
BCS-like pairs carrying different magnetic moment coexist.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; significantly rewritten compared to the first
versio
Mott transition and dimerization in the one-dimensional SU Hubbard model
The one-dimensional SU Hubbard model is investigated numerically for
, and 5 at half filling and filling using the density-matrix
renormalization-group (DMRG) method. The energy gaps and various quantum
information entropies are calculated. In the half-filled case, finite spin and
charge gaps are found for arbitrary positive if . Furthermore, it is
shown that the transition to the gapped phase at is of
Kosterlitz-Thouless type and is accompanied by a bond dimerization both for
even and odd . In the -filled case, the transition has similar features
as the metal-insulator transition in the half-filled SU(2) Hubbard model. The
charge gap opens exponentially slowly for , the spin sector
remains gapless, and the ground state is non-dimerized.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figure
Quantum first order phase transitions
The scaling theory of critical phenomena has been successfully extended for
classical first order transitions even though the correlation length does not
diverge in these transitions. In this paper we apply the scaling ideas to
quantum first order transitions. The usefulness of this approach is illustrated
treating the problems of a superconductor coupled to a gauge field and of a
biquadratic Heisenberg chain, at zero temperature. In both cases there is a
latent energy associated with their discontinuous quantum transitions. We
discuss the effects of disorder and give a general criterion for it's relevance
in these transitions.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, misprints corrected and a reference added.
Version published in PHYSICA
Spatially nonuniform phases in the one-dimensional SU(n) Hubbard model for commensurate fillings
The one-dimensional repulsive SU Hubbard model is investigated
analytically by bosonization approach and numerically using the density-matrix
renormalization-group (DMRG) method for , and 5 for commensurate
fillings where and are relatively prime. It is shown that the
behavior of the system is drastically different depending on whether ,
, or , the umklapp processes are irrelevant, the model is
equivalent to an -component Luttinger liquid with central charge . When
, the charge and spin modes are decoupled, the umklapp processes open a
charge gap for finite , whereas the spin modes remain gapless and the
central charge . The translational symmetry is not broken in the ground
state for any . On the other hand, when , the charge and spin modes are
coupled, the umklapp processes open gaps in all excitation branches, and a
spatially nonuniform ground state develops. Bond-ordered dimerized, trimerized
or tetramerized phases are found depending on the filling.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figure
Energy relaxation due to magnetic impurities in mesoscopic wires: Logarithmic approach
The transport in mesoscopic wires with large applied bias voltage has
recently attracted great interest by measuring the energy distribution of the
electrons at a given point of the wire, in Saclay. In the diffusive limit with
negligible energy relaxation that shows two sharp steps at the Fermi energies
of the two contacts, which are broadened due to the energy relaxation. In some
of the experiments the broadening is reflecting an anomalous energy relaxation
rate proportional to instead of valid for Coulomb
electron-electron interaction, where is the energy transfer. Later it has
been suggested that such relaxation rate can be due to electron-electron
interaction mediated by Kondo impurities. In the present paper the latter is
systematically studied in the logarithmic approximation valid above the Kondo
temperature. In the case of large applied bias voltage Kondo resonances are
formed at the steps of the distribution function and they are narrowed by
increasing the bias. An additional Korringa energy broadening occurs for the
spins which smears the Kondo resonances, and the renormalized coupling can be
replaced by a smooth but essentially enhanced average coupling (factor of
8-10). Thus the experimental data can be described by formulas without
logarithmic Kondo corrections, but with enhanced coupling. In certain regions
of large bias, that averaged coupling depends weakly on the bias. In those
cases the distribution function depends only on the ratio of the electron
energy and the bias, showing scaling behavior. The impurity concentrations
estimated from those experiments and other dephasing experiments can be very
different, and a possible explanation considering the surface spin anisotropy
due to strong spin-orbit interaction is the subject of our earlier paper.Comment: 12 pages, RevTex
Non-Equilibrium Transport through a Kondo-Dot in a Magnetic Field: Perturbation Theory and Poor Man's Scaling
We consider electron transport through a quantum dot described by the Kondo
model in the regime of large transport voltage V in the presence of a magnetic
field B with max(V,B) >> T_K. The electric current I and the local
magnetization M are found to be universal functions of V/T_K and B/T_K, where
T_K is the equilibrium Kondo temperature. We present a generalization of the
perturbative renormalization group to frequency dependent coupling functions,
as necessitated by the structure of bare perturbation theory. We calculate I
and M within a poor man's scaling approach and find excellent agreement with
experiment.Comment: version accepted in PRL, notations changed, parts rewritten, figures
modified, references and some corrections adde
Phase Transitions in the One-Dimensional Pair-Hopping Model: a Renormalization Group Study
The phase diagram of a one-dimensional tight-binding model with a
pair-hopping term (amplitude V) has been the subject of some controvery. Using
two-loop renormalization group equations and the density matrix renormalization
group with lengths L<=60, we argue that no spin-gap transition occurs at
half-filling for positive V, contrary to recent claims. However, we point out
that away from half-filling, a *phase-separation* transition occurs at finite
V. This transition and the spin-gap transition occuring at half-filling and
*negative* V are analyzed numerically.Comment: 7 pages RevTeX, 6 uuencoded figures which can be (and by default are)
directly included. Received by Phys. Rev. B 20 April 199
Probable absence of a quadrupolar spin-nematic phase in the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 chain
We study numerically the ground-state phase diagram of the
bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 chain near the ferromagnetic instability point,
where the existence of a gapped or gapless nondimerized quantum nematic phase
has been suggested. Our results, obtained by a highly accurate density-matrix
renormalization-group (DMRG) calculation are consistent with the view that the
order parameter characterizing the dimer phase vanishes only at the point where
the system becomes ferromagnetic, although the existence of a gapped or gapless
nondimerized phase in a very narrow parameter range between the ferromagnetic
and the dimerized regimes cannot be ruled out.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
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