Fast robust estimation of prediction error based on resampling

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Topological color codes on Union Jack lattices: A stable implementation of the whole Clifford group

We study the error threshold of topological color codes on Union Jack lattices that allow for the full implementation of the whole Clifford group of quantum gates. After mapping the error-correction process onto a statistical mechanical random 3-body Ising model on a Union Jack lattice, we compute its phase diagram in the temperature-disorder plane using Monte Carlo simulations. Surprisingly, topological color codes on Union Jack lattices have similar error stability than color codes on triangular lattices, as well as the Kitaev toric code. The enhanced computational capabilities of the topological color codes on Union Jack lattices with respect to triangular lattices and the toric code demonstrate the inherent robustness of this implementation.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

The Behavioral, Socioeconomic, and Environmental Factors Associated with Leprosy in Kediri, East Java: A Path Analysis Model

Background: Leprosy is a leading cause of preventable disability in many low and middle income countries, including Indonesia. It thereby poses a major public health challenge for the country. Leprosy can be so progressive that damages skin, nerve, extremity, and eye organs of the affected patients. Cumulative incidence of leprosy amounted to 200,000 cases worldwide, with the highest incidences occuring in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. This study aimed to examine thebehavioral, social economic, and environmental determinants of leprosy in Kediri, East Java, using a path analysis model. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at the Leprosy Hospital, Kediri, East Java, from November to December 2017. A total sample of 150 study subjects consisting of 75 leprosy patients and 75 non-diseased subjects were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was leprosy. The independent variables were personal hygiene, education, employment status, family income, dwelling density, humidity, and migration. Data on leprosy diagnosis was taken from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: The risk of leprosy increased with poor personal hygiene (b= -1.20; 95% CI= -1.92 to -0.49; p= 0.001), high humidity (b= 0.73; 95%CI= 0.33 to 1.43; p= 0.040), and migration (b= 0.94; 95% CI= 0.14 to 1.74; p= 0.022). The risk of leprosy was indirectly affected by family income, dwelling density, education, and employment status. Conclusion: Poor personal hygiene, high humidity, and migration, directly affect the risk of leprosy. Education, employment status, family income, and dwelling density indirectly affect the risk of leprosy. Keywords: leprosy, social economic, environmental, personal hygien

The Effect of Peer Support Group on Depression and Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Kediri East Java

Background: People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or HIV/AIDs encounter such problems as society stigma and depression that can affect their quality of life in the term of physical, mental, and social health. Social support should be improved from individual, family, Peer Support Group (PSG), and government. PSG serves to help PLWHA feel not lonely, to give opportunity of seeing others, of sharing information about newest treatment and local support service, to reduce isolation, to improve social support, and to reduce stigma in order to achieve better quality of life and to reduce depression. The objective of research was to analyze the effect of KDS on depression and quality of life among PLWHA in Friendship Plus Peer Support Group in Kediri City.Subjects and Method: This study was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design. This was conducted at Friendship Plus Peer Support Group in Kediri, Indonesia in May to July 2016. The sample consisted of 60 subjects taken using simple random sampling. Technique of collecting data used was questionnaire, while analysis was carried out using Pearson's Product Moment correlational and multiple linear regression tests.Results: The result of research showed that there was a statistically significant effect of Peer Support Group on the reduced depression in PLWHA (b= -0.60; 95% CI= -0.82 to 0.38; p<0.001). Depression was affected by family income of 88.8% (b= -8.68; 95% CI= 0.01; p=0.021) and education (b= -7.86; 95% CI= -14.05 to 1.67; p=0.014). There was a statistically significant effect of Peer Support Group on the improved quality of life among PLWHA (b=0.32; 95% CI= 0.09 to 0.53; p=0.005). Quality of life was affected by family income of 92.3% (b= 1.36; 95% CI= 0.01; p<0.001) and education (b=20.84; 95% CI= 14.75 to 26.93; p<0.001). Conclusion: This research concluded that there was an effect of peer support group on the reduced depression among PLWHA and there was an effect of peer support group the improved quality of life among PLWHA.Keywords: peer support group, depression, quality of life, PLWHACorrespondence: Astika Rasyiid. Diploma III Midwifery of Tulungagung University, East Java.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2016), 1(1): 32-40https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.01.01.0

Developments in land information systems: examples demonstrating land resource management capabilities and options

Land Information Systems (LIS) provide a foundation for supporting decision-making across a broad spectrum of natural resource applications: agronomic, environmental, engineering and public good. Typically, LIS constitute a computerized database repository holding geospatial components, ‘mapping unit’ geometry and related georeferenced materials such as satellite imagery, meteorological observations and predictions and scanned legacy mapping. Coupled with the geospatial data are associated property, semantic and metadata, representing a range of thematic properties and characteristics of the land and environment. This paper provides examples of recent developments of national and regional LIS, presenting applications for land resource capabilities and management. These focus on the ‘Land Information System’ (LandIS) for England and Wales, and the ‘World Soil Survey Archive and Catalogue’ (WOSSAC) and consider Agricultural Land Classification in Wales, an Irish land and soil information system, and a scheme to optimize land suitability for application of palm oil biofertilizers in Malaysia. Land Information Systems support purposeful environmental interpretations, drawing on soil and related thematic data, offering insight into land properties, capabilities and characteristics. The examples highlight the practical transferability and extensibility of technical and methodological approaches across geographical contexts. This assessment identifies the value of legacy-based natural resource inventories that can be interoperated with other contemporary sources of information, such as satellite imagery

Socioeconomic, Environmental, and Behavioral Determinants of Leprosy in Kediri, East Java

Background: Leprosy remains a major public health problem in the world, particularly in developing countries. Leprosy can be so progressive that damages skin, nerve, extremity, and eye organs of the affected patients. Cumulative incidence of leprosy amounted to 200,000 cases worldwide, with the highest incidences occuring in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. This study sought to examine the social economic, environmental, and behavioral determinants of leprosy in Kediri, East Java, using path analysis approach.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. The study was conducted at Leprosy Hospital, Kediri, East Java, from November to December 2017. A total sample of 150 study subjects consisting of 75 leprosy patients and 75 non-diseased subjects were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was leprosy. The independent variables were personal hygiene, education, employment status, family income, dwelling density, humidity, and migration. Data on leprosy diagnosis was taken from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of leprosy increased with poorer personal hygiene (b= -1.20; 95% CI= -1.92 to -0.49; p=0.001), higher humidity (b= 0.73; 95% CI= 0.33 to 1.43; p=0.040), and migration (b= 0.94; 95% CI= 0.14 to 1.74; p= 0.022). Being employed status increased family income (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.72 to 2.11; p< 0.001). Low family income increased the likelihood of migration (b= -14; 95% CI= -1.71 to -3.19; p= 0.007) and dwelling density (b= -1.02; 95% CI= -1.71 to -0.32; p=0.004). Higher education level increased the likelihood of being employed (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.72 to 2.11; p< 0.001) and better personal hygiene (b= 1.15; 95% CI= 0.44 to 1.85; p= 0.001). Dwelling density increased the likelihood of humidity (b= 4.29; 95% CI= 3.22 to 5.37; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Migration, higher humidity, and poorer personal hygiene directly increase the risk of leprosy. Education, employment status, family income, and dwelling density indirectly affect the risk of leprosy. Keywords: Leprosy, social economic, environmental, personal hygieneCorrespondence: Anindita Hasniati Rahmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(2): 253-262https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.02.0

Epistasis between 5-HTTLPR and ADRA2B polymorphisms influences attentional bias for emotional information in healthy volunteers

Individual differences in emotional processing are likely to contribute to vulnerability and resilience to emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. Genetic variation is known to contribute to these differences but they remain incompletely understood. The serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and alpha(2B)-adrenergic autoreceptor (ADRA2B) insertion/deletion polymorphisms impact on two separate but interacting monaminergic signalling mechanisms that have been implicated in both emotional processing and emotional disorders. Recent studies suggest that the 5-HTTLPR s allele is associated with a negative attentional bias and an increased risk of emotional disorders. However, such complex behavioural traits are likely to exhibit polygenicity, including epistasis. This study examined the contribution of the 5-HTTLPR and ADRA2B insertion/deletion polymorphisms to attentional biases for aversive information in 94 healthy male volunteers and found evidence of a significant epistatic effect (p < 0.001). Specifically, in the presence of the 5-HTTLPR s allele, the attentional bias for aversive information was attenuated by possession of the ADRA2B deletion variant whereas in the absence of the s allele, the bias was enhanced. These data identify a cognitive mechanism linking genotype-dependent serotonergic and noradrenergic signalling that is likely to have implications for the development of cognitive markers for depression/anxiety as well as therapeutic drug effects and personalized approaches to treatment

Novel Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing Oxalamidines as Ligands.

The complexes [Ru(bpy)2(H2TPOA)](PF6)2 ⋅ 4H2O, (1); [Ru(Me-bpy)2(H2TPOA)](PF6)2 ⋅ 2H2O, (2); [Ru(bpy)2(H2TTOA)](PF6)2 ⋅ 2H2O, (3); [Ru(Me-bpy)2(H2TTOA)](PF6)2 ⋅ 2H2O, (4) and {[Ru(bpy)2]2(TPOA)}(PF6)2 ⋅ 2H2O, (5) (where bpy is 2,2´bipyridine; Me-bpy is 4,4´- dimethyl-2,2´-bipyridine; H2TPOA is N, N´, N´´, N´´´- tetraphenyloxalamidine; H2TTOA is N, N´, N´´, N´´´- tetratolyloxalamidine) have been synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, FAB-MS, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The X-ray investigation shows the coordination of the still protonated oxalamidine moiety via the 1,2−diimine unit. The dimeric compound (5) could be separated in its diastereoisomers (5´) and (5´´) by repeated recrystallisation. The diastereomeric forms exhibit different 1H-NMR spectra and slightly shifted electronic spectra. Compared with the model compound [Ru(bpy)3]2+, the absorption maxima of (1)–(5) are shifted to lower energies. The mononuclear complexes show Ru(III/II)- couples at about 0.9 V vs SCE, while for the dinuclear complex two well defined metal based redox couples are observed at 0.45 and 0.65 V indicating substantial interaction between the two metal centres

Semimetalic antiferromagnetism in the half-Heusler compound CuMnSb

The half-Heusler compound CuMnSb, the first antiferromagnet (AFM) in the Mn-based class of Heuslers and half-Heuslers that contains several conventional and half metallic ferromagnets, shows a peculiar stability of its magnetic order in high magnetic fields. Density functional based studies reveal an unusual nature of its unstable (and therefore unseen) paramagnetic state, which for one electron less (CuMnSn, for example) would be a zero gap semiconductor (accidentally so) between two sets of very narrow, topologically separate bands of Mn 3d character. The extremely flat Mn 3d bands result from the environment: Mn has four tetrahedrally coordinated Cu atoms whose 3d states lie well below the Fermi level, and the other four tetrahedrally coordinated sites are empty, leaving chemically isolated Mn 3d states. The AFM phase can be pictured heuristically as a self-doped Cu$^{1+}$Mn$^{2+}$Sb$^{3-}$ compensated semimetal with heavy mass electrons and light mass holes, with magnetic coupling proceeding through Kondo and/or antiKondo coupling separately through the two carrier types. The ratio of the linear specific heat coefficient and the calculated Fermi level density of states indicates a large mass enhancement $m^*/m \sim 5$, or larger if a correlated band structure is taken as the reference