The Approximated Solution for The Nonlinear Second Order Delay Multi-Value Problems

This paper is attempt to study the nonlinear second order delay multi-value problems. We want to say that the properties of such kind of problems are the same as the properties of those with out delay just more technically involved. Our results discuss several known properties, introduce some notations and definitions. We also give an approximate solution to the coined problems using the Galerkin's method

Surgery for prolactinomas

A large proportion of prolactin secreting tumours of the pituitary gland are treatable by dopamine agonist drugs. however certain subgroups of these patients are better managed by surgical excision. the indications for surgery in prolactinomas remain controversial and this paper attempts to clarify these with illustrative cases. the factors favouring a surgical approach include poor tolerance of long term medical therapy, progression of visual deficits or recurrence while on medical treatment, cystic change in the tumour with pressure effects, csf fistula secondary to tumour shrinkage and prophylactic surgery in tumours anticipated to cause csf leak following medical therapy. the size and invasiveness of the tumour and the prolactin level are also important determinants of treatment planning. the indications for surgery in prolactinomas are discussed and illustrative cases are presented

Future Community-Based Ecotourism (CBET) development

Ecotourism is an alternative form of tourism and is usually confused with natural and cultural tourism.CBET is fast becoming a popular biodiversity conservation tool that develops and benefits the local community. Based on the context of conservation theory and practice, Community-Based Ecotourism (CBET) is a form of community-based natural resource management. However, a sustainable CBET development through Community Capacity Building (CCB)programs is not something that it easily achievable. Local community’s capacity varies from one culture to another. It takes a high level of community participation, in order for it to come to a level where the community members themselves are motivated to participate and contribute to the development of the program. This fully qualitative research involved 15 respondents from the community of Kg. Selai, Bekok in Johor, Malaysia. The result show there are five factors that sustained the ecotourism development based for Orang Asli Community in Kg. Selai, namely, existing CBET development, past CBET development, local community participation in planning stage of tourism, local participation in implementation stage of tourism and participation in nature conservation

Giant choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle

Abstract are not provided by the author/publishe

Exposure to NO2 in occupational built environments in urban centre in Lahore

Increased economic growth, urbanisation and substantial rise in automobile vehicles has contributed towards the elevated levels of air pollution in major cities in Pakistan. Aone week study was conducted by using passive samplers to assess NO2 concentration in occupational built environments at two most congested and populated sites of Lahore. Both sites were locatedon the busy roads of Lahore. At Site-I the highest concentration was in outdoors followed by corridor and indoor. While at Site II all the sampling location wereindoors and level were comparable to that of outdoor levelsat Site I. The results suggest the likely contribution of ambient sources in exposure to indoor NO2 in educational and other occupational built environments in urban centres

CT and MR imaging in young stroke patients

Background: This study investigates the role of CT and MR imaging in the diagnosis and management of young stroke patients. Methods: CT scan findings of 108 patients and MR findings of 30 patients between 15-45 years of age were reviewed retrospectively. The variables included the territory of infarct on CT and MR imaging, the cortical distribution and size of infarct. Results: About 80% of the patients had infarcts of the carotid territory and 20% the vertebro-basilar distribution. More than half of the infarcts were cortical (56%). The yield of MR imaging was much higher for deeper structures such as basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem. In half the cases, the infarct size was more than 3 cm. CONCLUSION: The ratio of carotid to vertebro-basilar infarcts was similar to that reported previously. A large proportion of the carotid territory infarcts were cortical. Deeper infarcts were better imaged with MR scan. There was a high proportion of large infarcts

Ischemic stroke in young adults of South Asia

Objective: To study the risk factors, etiology and management of ischemic stroke in young adults in a South Asian population. Methods: Retrospective study conducted at a large tertiary hospital in Karachi. One hundred and eighteen patients between fifteen and forty-five years admitted over a five year period with a diagnosis of ischemic infarct constituted the study population. The study variables included the full clinical spectrum, spanning historical, laboratory, radiological and outcome parameters. Results: Forty-three percent of patients were hypertensive and 30% were diabetic. The combination of diabetes and hypertension was found in 19.5% of patients, intra-cranial and carotid artherosclerosis in 22% and embolism in 11% of the cases. The in-hospital mortality was 11%. The outcome was excellent in 27%, good in 50% and poor in 23% of patients. CONCLUSION: The risk factors for artherosclerosis and the contribution of intra and extra-cranial artherosclerosis were found to be much higher than those from the Western Hemisphere

Quantum Chiral Superfields

We define the ordinary Minkowski space inside the conformal space according to Penrose and Manin as homogeneous spaces for the Poincar\'e and conformal group respectively. We realize the supersymmetric (SUSY) generalizations of such homogeneous spaces over the complex and the real fields. We finally investigate chiral (antichiral) superfields, which are superfields on the super Grassmannian, Gr(2|1, 4|1), respectively on Gr(2|0, 4|1). They ultimately give the twistor coordinates necessary to describe the conformal superspace as the flag Fl(2|0, 2|1; 4|1) and the Minkowski superspace as its big cell.Comment: 10 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the ' Avenues of Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime September 14-16, 2022. University of Genova (Italy

Water stress causes differential effects on germination indices, total soluble sugar and proline content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

Different cultivars differ inherently in their response to drought and those cultivars best adapted to growth in arid and semiarid conditions form the most uniform and vigorous stands when grown under water deficits. The seeds of five wheat cultivars (GA-2002, Chakwal-97, Uqab-2000, Chakwal-50 and Wafaq-2001) were subjected to five different levels of osmotic stress; 0 bars (distilled water, control), -2, -4, -6 and -8 bars to assess the effect of osmotic stress on germination percentage, mean germination time, coleoptile length, proline and sugar amounts. The investigations were performed as factorial experiments under complete randomized design (CRD). Germination percentage, mean germination time and coleoptile length were shown to decrease with increasing osmotic stress, whereas a progressive increase in proline and sugar content were observed with increasing osmotic stress. The response of five cultivars examined under various levels of osmotic stress differed dramatically. Chakwal-50 and GA-2002 were amongst best performers, showing high germination rate, longest coleoptile length, highest proline values and sugar contents when compared with other cultivars under stress conditions. These were proven to be the most tolerant cultivars. Performance of  Wafaq-2001 and Uqab-2000 were poor when compared to the other cultivars under limited water stress conditions.Key words: Wheat, Triticum aestivum, water stress, osmotic stress, proline, sugar, seedling, germination