Factors Associated with Preventive Reproductive Health Behavior in Female Adolescents: A New Evidence from Banjarmas In, Kalimantan, using Health Belief Model

Background: Reproductive health has been recognized as an important health issue among adolescents in Indonesia. The adolescent population in Indonesia is vulnerable to reproductive health problems. Many adolescents had engaged in unhealthy sexual behavior that can result in unintended health outcomes. In theory, adolescent sexual behavior is influenced by a complex set of interactions between biology, genetics, individual perception, personality characteristics, and socio-cultural norms and values. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with preventive reproductive health behavior in female adolescents: a new evidence from Banjarmasin, Kalimantan, using Health Belief Model. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 10 senior high schools in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan. A total sample of 200 grade XI students was selected for this study by proportional stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was preventive reproductive health behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, the role of parents, peer role, and information access. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Preventive reproductive health behaviour increased with strong role of parents (b=0.05; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b=0.06; SE= 0.02; p= 0.006), perceived threat (b= 0.10; SE= 0.02; p<0.001), self-efficacy (b= 0.13; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), and peer role (b= 0.06; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), but decreased with perceived barrier (b=-0.03; SE= 0.01; p=0.026). Preventive reproductive health behaviour was indirectly affected by perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, self efficacy, access of information, strong role of parents, and strong peer role. Conclusion: Preventive reproductive health behavior increases with strong role of parents, perceived benefit, perceived threat, self-efficacy, and peer role, but decreases with perceived barrier. Preventive reproductive health behaviour is indirectly affected by perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, self-efficacy, access of information, strong role of parents, and strong peer role. Keywords: preventive behavior, reproductive health, health belief mode

The Effect of Internal and External Factors on Preventive Reproductive Health Behaviors in Adolescents, in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan

Background: Many adolescents had engaged in unhealthy sexual behavior that can result in unintended health outcomes. In theory, the adolescent sexual behavior is influenced by a complex set of interactions between biology, genetics, individual perception, personality characteristics, and sociocultural norms and values. This study aimed to determine the influence of internal and external factors on preventive reproductive health behavior in adolescents, in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan, using Health Belief Model.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with the cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 10 senior high schools in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan. A total sample of 200 grade XI students was selected for this study by proportional stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was preventive reproductive health behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, the role of parents, peer role, and information access. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: The strong role of parents (b=0.05; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b=0.06; SE= 0.02; p=0.006), perceived threat (b=0.10; SE= 0.02; p<0.001), self-efficacy (b=0.13; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), and peer role (b=0.06; SE= 0.01; p<0.001) positively affected preventive reproductive health behavior. Perceived barrier (b= -0.03; SE= 0.01; p=0.026) negatively affected preventive reproductive health behavior. Perceived threat increased with increasing role of parents (b=0.05; SE= 0.02; p= 0.059), perceived susceptibility (b=0.21; SE= 0.05; p<0.001), perceived seriousness (b=0.10; SE= 0.04; p= 0.015), and self efficacy (b= 0.13; SE= 0.06; p= 0.040). Perceived barrier decreased with improving access of information (b=-0.16; SE= 0.05; p= 0.004). Perceived benefit increased with improving access of information (b=0.09; SE= 0.04; p= 0.030) and perceived susceptibility (b=0.20; SE= 0.06; p= 0.002). Perceived susceptibility (b=0.13; SE= 0.04; p= 0.004), perceived seriousness (b=0.10; SE= 0.05; p= 0.057), and self efficacy (b=0.09; SE= 0.03; p= 0.006) increased with access of information. Self efficacy increased with stronger role of parents (b=0.06; SE= 0.02; p= 0.018), and peer role (b=0.07; SE= 0.04; p= 0.062).Conclusion: Preventive reproductive health behavior among adolescents is affected by the role of parents, perceived of threat, self-efficacy, peer role, perceived of benefit, and perceived of a barrier. Health belief model can predict health preventive behavior.Keywords: Preventive behavior, reproductive health, health belief model, internal and external factorsCorrespondence: Azura Arisa, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(4): 350-358https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.04.0

Identifikasi Bioaktif Golongan Flavonoid Tanaman Anting-Anting (Acalypha Indica L.)

– Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kekayaan alam yang melimpah. Namun, untuk jenis tumbuhan, baru sekitar 8% yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman pangan, obat-obatan, sumber kayu, dan tanaman hias. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai tanaman obat adalah Acalypha indica. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tanaman ini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Salmonella. Namun profil senyawa metabolit apa saja yang terkandung masih belum banyak diteliti. Fraksinasi senyawa metabolit dilakukan dengan kromatografi kertas pada ekstrak etanol (akar, batang, dan daun) tanaman Acalypha menggunakan eluen BAW (Butanol: Asam asetat: Air = 4:1:5) dan asam asetat 15%. Jumlah, letak, warna, dan nilai Rf bercak kemudian digunakan sebagai pedoman identifikasi dan menduga golongan flavonoid. Spektrofotometri serapan panjang gelombang maksimum dilakukan sebagai konfirmasi dugaan golongan flavonoid. Ketiga organ utama tanaman anting-anting (akar, batang, dan daun) memiliki distribusi kandungan senyawa yang berbeda-beda namun dengan jenis yang hampir sama. Golongan flavonoid yang berhasil teridentifikasi dari ketiga organ antara lain isoflavon, flavon, flavonol, flavanon, dihidroksiflavonol, khalkon, dan antosianidin. Organ daun memiliki keragaman kelas flavonoid lebih banyak dibanding akar dan batang

First report of papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae) from Malaysia

Paracoccus marginatus, Williams and Granara de Willink 1992 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) commonly known as papaya mealybug (PMb) is reported for the first time in Malaysia on papaya, cassava, eggplant, Jatropha and hibiscus plants. Four species of chalcidoid parasitoids were observed parasitizing the PMb. Acerophagus papayae was the major parasitoid of PMb. Two common predators namely Apertochrysa sp. and Cryptolaemus montouzieri were also found feeding on PMb

A sensitive acoustic sensor using fiber bragg grating based on strain compensation

An acoustic sensitivity single ring fiber sensor with enhanced pressure sensitivity is designed by using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). Measurement sensitivity of the this fiber sensor is 0.3714 με/Hz. This sensor exhibited a good acoustic sensitivity, showing that the sensor has good sensing properties for the detection of the acoustic signals

Fault Detection with Optimum March Test Algorithm

This paper presents a research work aimed to detect previously-undetected faults, either Write Disturb Faults (WDFs) or Deceptive Read Destructive Faults (DRDFs) or both in March Algorithm such as MATS++(6N), March C-(10N), March SR(14N), and March CL(12N). The main focus of this research is to improve fault coverage on Single Cell Faults as well as Static Double Cell Faults detection, using specified test algorithm. Transition Coupling Faults (CFtrs), Write Destructive Coupling Faults (CFwds) and Deceptive Read Destructive Faults (CFdrds) are types of faults mainly used in this research. The experiment result published in [1] shows BIST (Built-In-Self-Test) implementation with the new algorithm. It provides the same test length but with bigger area overhead, we therefore proposed a new 14N March Test Algorithm with fault coverage of more than 95% using solid 0s and 1s Data Background (DB). This paper reveals the design methodology to generate DB covers all memories function by applying non-transition data, transition data, and single read and double read data. The automation hardware was designed to give the flexibility to the user to generate other new March Algorithm prior to the selected algorithm and analyzed the performance in terms of fault detection and power consumption

Improving the productivity of acid sulfate soils for cultivation using limestone, basalt, organic fertilizer and/or their combinations

Acid sulfate soils are generally not suitable for the crop production unless they are efficiently improved. A study was conducted to improve the productivity of acid sulfate soils for rice cultivation using ground magnesium limestone (GML), basalt and organic fertilizer. The study was conducted on rice in laboratory, glasshouse and field. The pH of acid sulfate soils was low and exchangeable Al was very high which affected rice growth. The application of GML and basalt increased soil pH and reduced Al toxicity. GML required to ameliorate the soils for rice cultivation was 4 t ha-1. Basalt in combination with organic fertilizer was a good soil amendment, but required to be applied a few months ahead of rice cultivation. Due to GML or basalt application, rice plants grew well even though water pH was below 5. The highest rice yield obtained was 4.0 t ha-1 season-1 for Sulfaquepts and it was 7.5 t ha-1 season-1 for Sulfosaprists. In general, the application of GML or basalt in combination with organic fertilizer improved the productivity of acid sulfate soils and consequently enhanced rice yield

A report of natural enemies of papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

Papaya mealybug is notorious pest of papaya & other horticultural crops. Keeping in mind the role of parasitoids and predators in pest management, an exploratory study was conducted on the availability of natural enemies of recently introduced papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus in Selangor and Negri Sembilan states of Peninsular Malaysia. Results revealed the presence of two predators (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Apertochrysa sp.), one primary parasitoid (Acerophagus papayae) and three hyperparasitoids (Chartocerus sp., Marietta leopardina and Cheiloneurus sp.). Among all natural enemies recorded, populations of C. montrouzieri and A. papayae were frequently recorded from all sampled locations of the two states. Accordingly, these two species should be exploited for their potential to manage populations of P. marginatus below threshold levels

Tunable indium tin oxide thin film as saturable absorber for generation of passively Q-switched pulse erbium-doped fiber laser

A tunable Q-switched pulse erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser using indium tin oxide (ITO) thin-film-based saturable absorber (SA) is proposed and demonstrated. The SA is formed by depositing an ITO layer using DC magnetron sputtering on the fiber ferrule, which can be easily fabricated in less than 200 s with thickness of 17.80 nm. The proposed tunable Q-switched pulse EDF laser is operated from 1540.0 to 1570.0 nm, covering a total wavelength of 30.0 nm. The generated output pulses displayed a repetition rate range between 21.70 and 94.34 kHz. The shortest pulse width retrieved is 3.22 ls at the maximum pump power of 378.6 mW, while the maximum pulse energy recorded is 30.29 nJ. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this appears to be the first proposed tunable passively Q-switched pulse EDF laser using ITO that serves as SA, which can promote ITO film in the application of ultrafast photonics

Passively Q-Switched pulse erbium doped fiber laser using Antimony (III) Telluride (Sb2Te3) thin film as saturable absorber

This paper demonstrates on an antimony telluride (Sb2Te3) thin film sandwiched between two fiber ferrule as saturable absorber for Qswitched pulsed Erbium doped fiber (EDF) laser. The saturable absorber is fabricated by dissolving Antimony (III) Telluride powder into PVA solution and dry in the ambient temperature for 48 hours. Then, 1 mm2 x 1 mm2 Sb2Te3-PVA film based saturable absorber is sandwiched in between FC/PC ferrule for Q-switched laser generation. The modulation depth of the Sb2Te3 is measured as 28.01% with input intensity 0.02 MW/cm2 . The developed passive saturable absorber integrated in EDF laser in ring cavity and the characterised pulse is with repetition rates of 30.21 kHz, shortest pulse width of 3.26 µs and signal-noise-ratio (SNR) of 42 dB. The maximum output pulse energy is achieved at pump power 69.5 mW with 29.5 nJ and the output power 0.89 mW