Влияние пандемии на Европейский Союз: пространственный корреляционный анализ

The authors approach COVID-19 as a perfect stress test for revealing integration connectivity within the European Union. The current crisis has challenged the resilience of regional integration, and reveals the economic connectivity within the integration blocks and their consolidating power. The goal of the research paper is to analyze the collective behaviour of the integrating countries during the external epidemiological crisis and their capability to respond to the manifestations of the crisis as‘an organic whole’. The authors develop the existing academic discourse on the defacto effects of integration and the relationship between the national and collective interests of the integrating countries, which has become the subject of fierce controversy during the pandemic. The research is based on the original concept of the stability of regional integration during the period of external crises associations proposed by the authors. To achieve the research goal of determining the degree of spatial correlation, the authors calculated Moran’s Spatial Autocorrelation Index and the multi-factor Geary’s Index. The spatial and econometric analysis of the EU countries in times of COVID-19 made the authors conclude that the initial EU’s response to the pandemic reflected nationalist self-help strategies rather than joint European approach during the earlier stages of the pandemic. Nevertheless, the EU demonstrated relatively strong intraregional trade resistance and ability to mitigate the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic

Studying of the layland soils organic matter by Ir fourier spectroscopy method

© Research India Publications. Organic matter uneven-age layland soils are investigated by method of IR-Fourier spectroscopy of the mixed exemplars. Exemplars of the arable horizon, selected on depths of 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-15cm, 15-20cm were investigated. For correction of quartz and clay minerals absorption bands in ranges of native exemplars as background we used the mineral phase received by combustion of organic matter of 30% H2O2 soils. Feature of the studied exemplars uneven-age layland soils is existence of reference absorption bands aliphatic acids ethers, which are the stablest and constant base units of organic matter. Use of this approach allowed to estimate specter absorption changes of the functional humic substances groups and fragments in fiber exemplars of uneven-age layland soils, bound to secondary accumulation of detritus (rough) humus in upper arable horizons under the influence of secondary vegetation

Russian engineering services market : theory and practice of modern high-tech business

In the modern market economy, active use of scientific and technological progress, creation of high-tech products requires appropriate capacities and development of infrastructure, the presence of modern technology, advanced manufacturing, know-how and high-tech engineering services. The level of engineering services today defines and prerequisites improving the competitiveness of the national economy and an important competitive advantage for the government. Despite the fairly good theoretical work on engineering services development, today there is no detailed methodological basis of management, formation and development of engineering in countries with emerging market economies. In this regard, in the study an attempt is made to synthesize the theory and practice of market development of engineering services on the example of the Russian Federation. This focuses on the development and market forecasting of engineering. In a study a deep analysis of the theory and practice of development of Russian market of engineering services is made, the main trends and challenges of this market in close coordination with the global trends are identified, classification and segmentation of the global and Russian market of engineering services is carried out, the author's approach to the interpretation of “complex engineering services” is proposed, the reasonable forecast and recommendations for the development of the engineering market for the period up to 2022 is prepared.peer-reviewe

The GREGOR Fabry-P\'erot Interferometer

The GREGOR Fabry-P\'erot Interferometer (GFPI) is one of three first-light instruments of the German 1.5-meter GREGOR solar telescope at the Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. The GFPI uses two tunable etalons in collimated mounting. Thanks to its large-format, high-cadence CCD detectors with sophisticated computer hard- and software it is capable of scanning spectral lines with a cadence that is sufficient to capture the dynamic evolution of the solar atmosphere. The field-of-view (FOV) of 50" x 38" is well suited for quiet Sun and sunspot observations. However, in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the FOV reduces to 25" x 38". The spectral coverage in the spectroscopic mode extends from 530-860 nm with a theoretical spectral resolution R of about 250,000, whereas in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the wavelength range is at present limited to 580-660 nm. The combination of fast narrow-band imaging and post-factum image restoration has the potential for discovery science concerning the dynamic Sun and its magnetic field at spatial scales down to about 50 km on the solar surface.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables; pre-print of AN 333, p.880-893, 2012 (AN special issue to GREGOR

The Effect of pre-incubation duration of soil-biochar model mixtures on the results of determination the intensity of substrate-induced respiration (Methodological aspects of study)

Was studied in laboratory experiments the effect of short term (3 days) and long term (95 and 187 days) pre-incubation of soil-biochar model mixes (ratio 20:1) in optimal conditions for the microorganisms on the results of definition the intensity of substrate induced respiration. For experiments 10 biochar samples were used. The biochars were produced from the woody and herbaceous materials under different pyrolysis conditions. Is revealed the heterogeneous influence of biochar by direction and dynamics on the rate of substrate induced respiration depending on the pre-incubation time of model mixtures. It is shown that the prolonged pre-incubation of biochar with soil material under optimal levels of moisture and temperature is a prerequisite for the correct formulation of laboratory experiments and provides a reliable assessment of the impact of biochar on a soil respiration. We can recommend the duration of pre-incubation 3-5 months

Epizootiological-and-Epidemiological Situation in Natural Tularemia Foci of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts in 2011, and Prognosis for 2012

Presented is a piece of information about the situation in natural tularemia foci and human morbidity in the territory of Siberia and Far East in 2011. Outlined is the prognosis of epizootic situation for 2012. In 2011, sporadic morbidity was registered in the Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, and Omsk Regions. Isolated cases of the disease were identified in the Altai Territory, in the Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous district, and the Sakhalin Region. Specified is the fact that in 2011 epizooties were of a local scale, and the situation on tularemia on the whole was favorable. Nevertheless, the possibility of aggravation of the situation in some territories in 2012 is not ruled out completely