The emergence of waves in random discrete systems

Essential criteria for the emergence of wave-like manifestations occurring in an entirely discrete system are identified using a simple model for the movement of particles through a network. The dynamics are entirely stochastic and memoryless involving a birth-death-migration process. The requirements are that the network should have at least three nodes, that migration should have a directional bias, and that the particle dynamics have a non-local dependence. Well defined bifurcations mark transitions between amorphous, wave-like and collapsed states with an intermittent regime between the latter two

A Modified Group Contribution Method for Accurate Prediction of Flash Points of Pure Organic Compounds

Flash point is one of the most widely used properties in the risk assessment and safe design of process industries. In the current work, we have presented a novel and accurate model to predict the flash points of pure organic compounds from diverse families. The proposed model is a linear correlation between the flash point, normal boiling point, and 42 predefined functional groups constituting the molecule. Evaluation of the model through a data set of 1533 pure organic compounds shows an average absolute deviation, an average absolute relative error, and a correlation coefficient of 5.83, 1.61, and 0.992, respectively. Comparing the results of the present study with other works shows that the model proposed in this work is among the most accurate and reliable ones to date

Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex Development Presenting as an Acute Scrotum

Hermaphroditism is known as ovotesticular disorder of sex development. A 14-year-old boy was admitted with right acute scrotum. Exploration revealed tunica rupture and hematoma, with no viable tissue. After 1 month, he was admitted again with left hemiscrotal pain. Microscopic examination of the left gonad demonstrated foci of hemorrhagic cysts, primordial follicles, and regions of seminiferous tubules. We preserved a testicular tissue and the ovarian part was extracted completely. Long-term follow-up with his hormonal profile is reported. This is a case of ovotesticular disorder presented with acute scrotum and we also tried to reduce long-term hormone therapy, with preservation of testicular part. © 2018 Elsevier Inc

A Modified Group Contribution Method for Accurate Prediction of Flash Points of Pure Organic Compounds

Flash point is one of the most widely used properties in the risk assessment and safe design of process industries. In the current work, we have presented a novel and accurate model to predict the flash points of pure organic compounds from diverse families. The proposed model is a linear correlation between the flash point, normal boiling point, and 42 predefined functional groups constituting the molecule. Evaluation of the model through a data set of 1533 pure organic compounds shows an average absolute deviation, an average absolute relative error, and a correlation coefficient of 5.83, 1.61, and 0.992, respectively. Comparing the results of the present study with other works shows that the model proposed in this work is among the most accurate and reliable ones to date

Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex Development Presenting as an Acute Scrotum

Hermaphroditism is known as ovotesticular disorder of sex development. A 14-year-old boy was admitted with right acute scrotum. Exploration revealed tunica rupture and hematoma, with no viable tissue. After 1 month, he was admitted again with left hemiscrotal pain. Microscopic examination of the left gonad demonstrated foci of hemorrhagic cysts, primordial follicles, and regions of seminiferous tubules. We preserved a testicular tissue and the ovarian part was extracted completely. Long-term follow-up with his hormonal profile is reported. This is a case of ovotesticular disorder presented with acute scrotum and we also tried to reduce long-term hormone therapy, with preservation of testicular part. © 2018 Elsevier Inc

Prognostic Value of [18F]-FDG PET/CT Radiomics Combined with Sarcopenia Status among Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer

We investigated, whether 18[18F]-FDG PET/CT-derived radiomics combined with sarcopenia measurements improves survival prognostication among patients with advanced, metastatic gastroesophageal cancer. In our study, 128 consecutive patients with advanced, metastatic esophageal and gastroesophageal cancer (n = 128; 26 females; 102 males; mean age 63.5 ± 11.7 years; age range: 29–91 years) undergoing 18[18F]-FDG PET/CT for staging between November 2008 and December 2019 were included. Segmentation of the primary tumor and radiomics analysis derived from PET and CT images was performed semi-automatically with a commonly used open-source software platform (LIFEX, Version 6.30, lifexsoft.org). Patients’ nutritional status was determined by measuring the skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the level of L3 on the CT component. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to establish a survival prediction model including radiomics, clinical data, and SMI score. Univariable Cox proportional hazards model revealed ECOG (<0.001) and bone metastasis (p = 0.028) to be significant clinical parameters for overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Age (p = 0.017) was an additional prognostic factor for OS. Multivariable analysis showed improved prognostication for overall and progression free survival when adding sarcopenic status, PET and CT radiomics to the model with clinical parameters only. PET and CT radiomics derived from hybrid 18[18F]-FDG PET/CT combined with sarcopenia measurements and clinical parameters may improve survival prediction among patients with advanced, metastatic gastroesophageal cancer

Significant Communities in Large Sparse Networks

Researchers use community-detection algorithms to reveal large-scale organization in biological and social networks, but community detection is useful only if the communities are significant and not a result of noisy data. To assess the statistical significance of the network communities, or the robustness of the detected structure, one approach is to perturb the network structure by removing links and measure how much the communities change. However, perturbing sparse networks is challenging because they are inherently sensitive; they shatter easily if links are removed. Here we propose a simple method to perturb sparse networks and assess the significance of their communities. We generate resampled networks by adding extra links based on local information, then we aggregate the information from multiple resampled networks to find a coarse-grained description of significant clusters. In addition to testing our method on benchmark networks, we use our method on the sparse network of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law, to detect significant and insignificant areas of law. We use our significance analysis to draw a map of the ECJ case law network that reveals the relations between the areas of law