Numerical method for solving a class of nonlinear elliptic inverse problems

AbstractThis paper discusses a method to solve a family of nonlinear inverse problems with Cauchy conditions on a part of the boundary and no condition at all on another part. An iterative boundary element procedure is proposed. The scheme uses a dynamically estimated relaxation parameter on the under-specified boundary. Various types of convergence, boundary condition formulations and effects of added small perturbations into the input data are investigated. The numerical results show that the method produces a stable reasonably approximate solution

Analyse de la variabilité germinative de la vesce commune sous l’impact d’un stress Ferrique-Cadmique-Salin

Ce travail a pour but de voir l’impact de l’application d’une combinaison de stress abiotique sur la germination des graines de vesce commune ainsi que de visualiser les modifications physiologiques et histologiques au niveau des tissus racinaires sous l’influence de ces contraintes. De ce fait, une conduite de germination a été réalisée avec des graines de vesce commune dans différentes situations de combinaisons entre trois types de stress métallique-cadmique-salin et un suivi a été fait en se basant sur des caractères végétatifs bien déterminés. Les résultats montrent bien une nette différence entre les réponses des graines à l’application de stress séparément et entre les combinaisons de stress ainsi qu’une variabilité intra-espèce énorme vis-à-vis de différentes types de contraintes.Mots-clés : vesce commune, stress métallique-cadmique-salin, caractères végétatifs, modifications physiologiques et histologiques

Genetic and nongenetic effects on the number of ovarian follicles and oocyte yield and quality in the bovine local (Oulmes Zaer), exotic breeds and their crosses in Morocco

The effects of genetic and non genetic factors on the number of ovarian follicles and oocyte yield and quality in the bovine local breed (Oulmes Zaer), exotic breeds and their crosses in Morocco was investigated. In this study, females in very bad body conditions (BCS < 2) were not slaughtered and the average. The body condition scores (BCS) was 2.94 ± 0.89. Although some individual values were out of the normal ranges, mean values of total proteins, albumin, urea, &#946;-OH and GOT remain normal and were 77.83 ± 8.74 g/l, 32.4 ± 4.41g/l, 4.43 ± 2.13 mmol/l , 0.83± 0.48 mmol/l et 45.55 ± 11.95 UI/l, respectively. The mean number of ovarian follicles per cow (2-8 mm) was high (22.98 ± 8.41) whereas the oocyte yield (and 2.60 ± 1.53) was very low. The effects of genetic group, age and BCS on the number of follicles, oocyte yield and the quality were significant. Key Words: Cows, follicular population, oocyte yield and quality. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4(1) 2005: 9-1

PGC-1α controls mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in lead-induced neurotoxicity

Due to its role in regulation of mitochondrial function, PGC1α is emerging as an important player in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. PGC1α exerts its neuroprotective effects by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) and functioning. However, the precise regulatory role of PGC1α in the control of mitochondrial dynamics (MD) and neurotoxicity is still unknown. Here we elucidate the role of PGC1α in vitro and in vivo in the regulatory context of MB and MD in response to lead (II) acetate as a relevant model of neurotoxicity. We show that there is an adaptive response (AR) to lead, orchestrated by the BAP31-calcium signalling system operating between the ER and mitochondria. We find that this hormetic response is controlled by a cell-tolerated increase of PGC1α expression, which in turn induces a balanced expression of fusion/fission genes by binding to their promoters and implying its direct role in regulation of MD. However, dysregulation of PGC1α expression through either stable downregulation or overexpression, renders cells more susceptible to lead insult leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and cell death. Our data provide novel evidence that PGC1α expression is a key regulator of MD and the maintenance of tolerated PGC1α expression may offer a promising strategy for neuroprotective therapies.España Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad SAF2012-3902

Composición en ácidos grasos de fosfolípidos y triacilgliceroles de la carne del salmonete gris de labios gruesos (Chelon labrosus) que vive en agua geotérmica y agua de mar tunecina: un estudio comparativo

This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of rearing conditions on the composition of different phospholipid (PLs) classes and triacylglycerols (TAG) of the thick-lipped grey mullet (Chelon labrosus), a muscle originating from seawater and geothermal water. The major fatty acids in the examined lipid classes of the two fish groups were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6),&nbsp;arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3). The analyses demonstrated that the fatty acid profiles of the PL classes in the seawater fish group were characterized by the predominance of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). By contrast, in geothermal fish, the distribution of PUFA series proportions differed between the phospholipid fractions. It was found PUFA n-3 was particularly abundant in PS and PI, while the n-6 series dominated the PC and PE PUFA group. Nonetheless, it was found that neutral lipid fatty acids were characterized by saturated fatty acids (SFA) followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the seawater fish and by PUFA in the geothermal fish. The results presented here give useful information on the role of lipid classes in the physiological adaptation of&nbsp;C. labrosus&nbsp;which can serve for the optiminzation of these aquaculture systems.Este estudio se llevó a cabo para dilucidar los efectos de las condiciones de cría sobre la composición de diferentes clases de fosfolípidos (PL) y triacilgliceroles (TAG) del músculo de salmonetes de labios gruesos (Chelon labrosus) procedentes de agua de mar y de agua geotérmica. Los principales ácidos grasos en las clases de lípidos examinados de los dos grupos de peces fueron, palmítico (C16:0), esteárico (C18:0), oleico (C18:1n-9), linoleico (C18:2n-6), araquidónico (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoico (C20:5n-3) y ácido docosahexaenoico (C22:6n-3). Las determinaciones mostraron que los perfiles de ácidos grasos de los PL, en el grupo de peces de agua de mar, se caracterizaron por el predominio de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3 (PUFA). Por el contrario, en los peces geotérmicos, la distribución de las proporciones de las series de PUFA difirió entre las fracciones de fosfolípidos. Se encontró que los PUFA n-3 eran particularmente abundantes en PS y PI, mientras que la serie n-6 dominaba el grupo de PUFA PC y PE. No obstante, se encontró que en lipidos neutros, los mayoritarios son los ácidos grasos saturados (SFA) seguidos de los ácidos grasos monoinsaturados (MUFA) en el pescado de agua de mar y los PUFA en el pescado geotérmico. Los resultados actuales brindan información útil sobre el papel de las clases de lípidos en la adaptación fisiológica de&nbsp;C. labrosus&nbsp;que puede servir para la optimización de estos sistemas de acuicultura

3D-QSAR, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and ADMET study of bioactive compounds against candida albicans

Candida albicans has developed significant levels of resistance to traditional antifungals, posing a danger to world health. In this research, the potential inhibitory of a class of twenty-five triazole molecules revealed an activity against candida albicans was addressed by using the three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship approach. The reliable models developed by CoMFA and CoMSIA/SEA exhibited high values of Q2 (0.620 and 0.733) respectively, and notable values of R2 (0.840 and 0.890) respectively. CoMFA and CoMSIA/SEA contour maps bring a set of information that may be invested to identify the key sites that have an important influence on the candida albicans activity. These findings lead us to design four new triazole compounds with good predicted activity. The new triazole molecules were undergone to in-depth study by assessing their oral bioavailability and toxicity using in silico ADMET prediction. The new molecules T1, T2 and T3 exhibited good properties in terms of numerous pharmacokinetics parameters as absorption, BBB penetration and toxicity. In addition, molecular docking was conducted to identify the types and mode of interactions between triazole ligands and the receptors. The reached findings appeared the high stability of the new triazole scaffolds at the active site of the receptor (PDB code: 2Y7L). The molecule T1 which is exhibited good stability in the active pocket of the receptor was further subjected to a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using 20 ns in order to scrutinize the protein's comparative conformational dynamics following ligand binding. MD simulation for 20 ns reveals promising results for the molecule T1

Indications of Cesarean Section at Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital, Dhamar, Yemen

Purpose: Because of the lack of information about the incidence of cesarean section and its indicators in Yemen, particularly in Dhamar Governorate, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of cesarean section and identify the most common indications for cesarean section in Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital, in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 393 at Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital to estimate the incidence and indications of cesarean section in the hospital. The data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire over a period of one month. Results: The overall rate of cesarean section was 55.5% (218/ 393). Among the 218, 61.9% were emergency while 38.1 % were elective cesarean sections. The maternal age for patients undergoing cesarean section ranged from 16 to 40 years, 23.9% were under 20 years, 66.5% were from 20- 35 years, and 9.6% were more than 35 years. The majority of mothers who gave birth by cesarean section were multigravida “43.1%” of which 42.7% (93) were multipara and 72% had no abortion. The majority of mothers had term pregnancy 90.8% (198), and 54.6% (119) had limited antenatal care. The most common indication was previous cesarean section 22.5%, followed by contracted pelvis 22% and obstructed labor 20.6%. Conclusions: In our study, the rate of cesarean section is higher than recommended by WHO. Most of them were emergency cesarean sections. The most common indication was a previous cesarean section, followed by the contracted pelvis and obstructed labor