International business tourism : a growth rate model

The aim of this paper is to understand the factors influencing business tourism on a global scale, in order to assess the competence of the countries in this tourism segment and prescribe them guidelines for action. For the development of data analysis, a growth rate model was estimated and a sample of 136 countries for the years 2005 and 2009 was collected. Results reveal that, for the development of policies to stimulate the growth in the business tourism segment, countries should develop measures that encourage capital investment in tourism, leisure tourism and trade openness.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de CarvalhoN/

Policies to increase business tourism income : a dynamic panel data model

This article aims to identify the determinants that influence business tourism income and that may be controlled by economic agents and policy makers of destination countries. For the development of the empirical study, a dynamic panel model by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was estimated using the Gretl 2016a software, and a sample of 122 countries for the period 2002?2013 (12 years) was used. The study reveals that, for the development of policies to stimulate the growth in the short and long-term of business tourism income, countries should develop measures that encourage capital investment in tourism and foreign direct investment.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de CarvalhoN/

Estimation of a growth rate model for international business tourism

The aim of this paper is to understand the factors influencing business tourism on a global scale, in order to assess the competence of the countries in this tourism segment and prescribe them guidelines for action. For the development of data analysis, a growth rate model was estimated and a sample of 136 countries for the years 2005 and 2009 was collected. Results reveal that, for the development of policies to stimulate the growth in the business tourism segment, countries should develop measures that encourage capital investment in tourism, leisure tourism and trade openness. Economic agents should also focus their investments in equipment that creates value throughout the tourism supply chain, in particular, in transport and equipment for entertainment and culture.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de Carvalhoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Do neighbouring countries encourage the demand of international business tourism?

This paper aims at determining the factors that influence the growth of international business tourism and understanding whether the demand growth of business tourism spreads across neighbouring countries. For the development of the empirical research, data has been collected from a sample of 136 countries worldwide, and spatial econometric techniques have been used. Evidence that supports the idea that the main factors related to the increase in incomes of business tourism are the private investment on tourism assets, the leisure tourism and the trade openness in relation to the outside world is presented. This study also reveals that the demand of business tourism in a country is not contagious, that is, the demand varies neither with the demand of its neighbours nor with their exogenous characteristics. The results have important implications for the choice of tourism policy goals at national levels and the corresponding policy instruments.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de CarvalhoN/

Determinants of competitiveness in international business tourism : an exploratory spatial data analysis

Este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreens?o dos fatores que influenciam o turismo de neg?cios ? escala mundial, de forma a avaliar-se a compet?ncia tur?stica dos pa?ses junto deste segmento e ser-lhes prescrito orienta??es que os auxiliem a conquistar quota de mercado a n?vel internacional. Para o desenvolvimento da investiga??o emp?rica, foi realizada uma an?lise explorat?ria de dados espaciais, com recurso ao software OPENGEODA 1.3.15 e recolhida uma amostra de 136 pa?ses mundiais relativos aos anos 2005 e 2009. A investiga??o revela que, para o desenvolvimento de pol?ticas que visem estimular o crescimento das viagens e turismo de neg?cios, os decisores pol?ticos e agentes econ?micos, devem desenvolver medidas que estimulem o investimento em capital fixo tur?stico e o turismo de lazer. Por outro lado, n?o devem tomar em considera??o quest?es de natureza geogr?fica nas suas decis?es estrat?gicas. No entanto, estas recomenda??es dever?o ser testadas no contexto de uma futura an?lise confirmat?ria.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de Carvalhoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

La influencia del n?mero de delegados sobre el local de las reuniones asociativas internacionales, a nivel nacional : un an?lisis exploratorio de la ?ltima d?cada

Este artigo visa analisar a evolu??o das reuni?es associativas internacionais e do n?mero de delegados das reuni?es associativas internacionais, assim como compreender, de forma explorat?ria, se os planeadores de reuni?es, tendem a ir de encontro aos requisitos esperados pelos principais intervenientes numa reuni?o internacional. Para efeitos da realiza??o do estudo, foi desenvolvida uma an?lise explorat?ria de dados, no per?odo de 2002 a 2009, provenientes da International Congress and Convention Association (ICCA). Os resultados mostram que, os Estados Unidos e a Alemanha lideraram ininterruptamente o ranking de pa?ses com maior n?mero de reuni?es associativas e delegados e, indiciam fortemente que, os planeadores de reuni?es tomam em considera??o os interesses dos executivos das associa??es e dos respetivos participantes, no processo de escolha do local da reuni?o associativa internacional. Os resultados t?m implica??es importantes na postura a adotar pelos delegados e executivos das associa??es, assim como no desenvolvimento de pol?ticas p?blicas.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de CarvalhoN/

What determines the holding of association meetings in a global context?

This article aims to understand the determinants influencing the number of association meetings held in countries worldwide and which may be controlled by their economic agents and policymakers. For this purpose, we use a dynamic panel model with data provided by the Data World Bank, the World Travel & Tourism Council, and the International Congress and Convention Association, in a time series of 8 years. The results reveal the importance of the experiences obtained by the tourists in previous meetings, as well as the countries? need to implement measures to stimulate the dynamism of economic activity and political stability.8316-FD77-85EB | Pedro Miguel Fonseca Moreira de Carvalhoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Structural and Optoelectronic Characterization of AgxCu1 x ZnSnSe4 solid solution

As the open circuit voltage in CZTSSe devices is believed to be limited by absorber band tailing caused by the exceptionally high density of Cu Zn disorder, replacing of Cu with Ag this density is predicted to drop. In this study, neutron diffraction and diffuse reflectance were applied to evaluate the crystal structure and optoelectronic properties of the Ag 1 x Cu x 2 ZnSnSe 4 solid solution ACZTSe . The results allow us to suggest that in spite of both end members of the solid solution being reported to crystallize in kesterite type structure, at least Ag 1 x Cu x 2 ZnSnSe4 with x 0.17 and 0.46 crystallize in the stannite type structure and thus block Cu Zn disorde

Habilidades de pensamiento como estrategia de aprendizaje para los estudiantes universitarios.

En el presente trabajo se plantea el tema referido a las habilidades de pensamiento o capacidades mentales que permiten al individuo construir y organizar su conocimiento, para aplicarlo con mayor eficacia en diversas situaciones; asimismo, constituyen la capacidad y disposici?n para el desarrollo de procesos mentales, que contribuyen a la resoluci?n de problemas los cuales se desarrollan con la pr?ctica consciente o inconsciente y se relacionan con el acto de pensar del ser humano. Los procesos de pensamiento se pueden agrupar de acuerdo con sus niveles de complejidad y abstracci?n, a saber: procesos b?sicos como: la observaci?n, comparaci?n y clasificaci?n; procesos integradores: an?lisis, s?ntesis y evaluaci?n. Estos procesos son el cimiento sobre los cuales se construye y organiza el conocimiento y el razonamiento. De otra parte, se recomiendan estrategias para desarrollar dichas habilidades en los estudiantes mediante mapas conceptuales, mapas mentales, mentefactos, que contribuyen a promover el pensamiento de orden superior y a proveer oportunidades para que cada estudiante sea exitoso

Bioelectronics-on-a-chip for cardio myoblast proliferation enhancement using electric field stimulation

Background: Cardio myoblast generation from conventional approaches is laborious and time-consuming. We present a bioelectronics on-a-chip for stimulating cells cardio myoblast proliferation during culture. Method: The bioelectronics chip fabrication methodology involves two different process. In the first step, an aluminum layer of 200 nm is deposited over a soda-lime glass substrate using physical vapor deposition and selectively removed using a Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser to create the electric tracks. To perform the experiments, we developed a biochip composed of a cell culture chamber fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a glass coverslip or a cell culture dish placed over the electric circuit tracks. By using such a glass cover slip or cell culture dish we avoid any toxic reactions caused by electrodes in the culture or may be degraded by electrochemical reactions with the cell medium, which is crucial to determine the effective cell-device coupling. Results: The chip was used to study the effect of electric field stimulation of Rat ventricular cardiomyoblasts cells (H9c2). Results shows a remarkable increase in the number of H9c2 cells for the stimulated samples, where after 72 h the cell density double the cell density of control samples. Conclusions: Cell proliferation of Rat ventricular cardiomyoblasts cells (H9c2) using the bioelectronics-on-a-chip was enhanced upon the electrical stimulation. The dependence on the geometrical characteristics of the electric circuit on the peak value and homogeneity of the electric field generated are analyzed and proper parameters to ensure a homogeneous electric field at the cell culture chamber are obtained. It can also be observed a high dependence of the electric field on the geometry of the electrostimulator circuit tracks and envisage the potential applications on electrophysiology studies, monitoring and modulate cellular behavior through the application of electric fields