Comparison of the radiographic and functional outcome in pediatric orthopaedic patients with Gartland type II supracondylar fracture treated by operative versus non operative management

Background: The non-operative method of closed reduction and application of long arm posterior splint and the operative method of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are both putative management for Gartland II supracondylar fracture. The purpose of this study is to compare which method is superior in the management of this type of fracture thru the comparison of the radiographic as well as the functional outcome. Methods: This study includes 51 pediatric patients undergoing supracondylar fracture treatment. The enrolled participants were randomly allocated to one of the two groups to receive either non operative or operative treatment. Radiographic and functional outcome was assessed post treatment. Results: The operative group exhibited significant superiority versus the non operative group as reflected by the results of the post-treatment radiographs utilizing the anterior humeral line while the Baumann’s angle showed no significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, the operative group demonstrated a better Mayo elbow performance score total per follow up, only in the first 3 months but showed no significant difference thereafter. Conclusions: We therefore conclude that non operative and operative management are both effective treatment for Gartland II supracondylar fracture. The operative group showed significant superiority with results of the anterior humeral line falling mostly at the central one-third of the capitellum. The operative group manifested a better Mayo elbow performance score total only during the first 3 months of follow up

propnet: A Knowledge Graph for Materials Science

Discovering the ideal material for a new application involves determining its numerous properties, such as electronic, mechanical, or thermodynamic, to match those of its desired application. The rise of high-throughput computation has meant that large databases of material properties are now accessible to scientists. However, these databases contain far more information than might appear at first glance, since many relationships exist in the materials science literature to derive, or at least approximate, additional properties. propnet is a new computational framework designed to help scientists to automatically calculate additional information from their datasets. It does this by constructing a network graph of relationships between different materials properties and traversing this graph. Initially, propnet contains a catalog of over 100 property relationships but the hope is for this to expand significantly in the future, and contributions from the community are welcomed

La escritura mixta francesa en Santiago de Compostela: evolución, usos y características

"Mixte” was a script that originated in France at the beginning of the 14th century, and which was widespread throughout medieval Europe. However, in the history of the Kingdom of Castile, palaeographers have addressed the question of mixte script within general studies on the medieval writing system, but not in specific studies on this script. Therefore, this study analyses the life of mixte script in the diocese of Santiago de Compostela, covering its history during almost two centuries, its role and the reason for its use in documents, administrative books and diplomatic codices and the formal features of this script, as well as its historical evolution. La mixta fue una escritura surgida en Francia a principios del siglo XIV y que tuvo una gran difusión a lo largo del territorio europeo. No obstante, los trabajos sobre paleografía en la Co-rona de Castilla no han abordado la cuestión de manera particular, sino dentro de aproximaciones generales al ciclo gráfico medieval. Realizamos aquí, pues, un estudio específico de la mixta en la diócesis compostelana, abarcando los casi doscientos años que se mantuvo en uso, la función con que se empleó en documentos, libros administrativos y códices diplomáticos y los elementos formales que la caracterizan, así como su evolución en el plano temporal

Las oficinas de los arcedianos en la diócesis compostelana en los siglos XIV-XVI: escribanías, notarios y documentos

la documentación producida por los arcedianos apenas ha sido estudiada desde el punto de vista de la paleografía y la diplomática, debido, principalmente, al bajo número de fuentes conservadas. A través de más de cincuenta documentos emitidos en pública forma analizaremos, por un lado, las oficinas encargadas de la expedición de diplomas, sus componentes humanos (arcedianos, vicarios y notarios) y sus funciones, así como los procedimientos de elaboración de sus productos escritos. Por otro lado, comprobaremos cuáles fueron las tipologías documentales emitidas en ellas y cómo estas se relacionaron co The palaeographical and diplomatic features of the documents produced for the archdeacons have received little scholarly attention, a neglect due principally to small number of extant texts. Drawing on a collection of more than fifty documents, we analyse the offices where documents were issued, their staff (archdeacons, officials, and notaries), and their functions as well as how documents were drawn up. We also analyse the types of documents issued in these offices and how these were related to their physical features (the scripts, the writing medium, and the language). © 2022 Universidad Compultense Madrid. All right reserved

Las colecciones de documentos bajomedievales de las diócesis de Braga y Tui como fuente de estudio para la historia de la frontera gráfica

The graphic culture of border territories became a complex historical reality due to the flow of people and the cultural and social influences which converged in these spaces. Consequently, this fact determined the type of documents which were issued, their formal elements or the types of scripts employed. In this research we shall present some of the collections of documents of the Arquivo Distrital de Braga and the Archivo Catedralicio de Tui which make it possible to study the graphic border between these two dioceses during the 14th and 15th centuries and the possibilities provided by the comparative analysis of some of their palaeographical and diplomatical features.La cultura gráfica en los territorios de frontera se convirtió en una realidad histórica muy compleja debido a los flujos de población e influencias culturales y sociales que convergieron en estos espacios; lo cual, además, determinó los tipos de documentos producidos, sus elementos formales o los modelos gráficos utilizados. En esta investigación presentamos algunos de los fondos documentales de los archivos Distrital de Braga y Catedralicio de Tui que nos permiten estudiar la frontera gráfica entre estas dos diócesis en los siglos XIV y XV y las posibilidades ofrecidas por el análisis comparativo de ciertos aspectos paleográficos y diplomáticos de sus componentes

Aqueous Angiography with Fluorescein and Indocyanine Green in Bovine Eyes.

PurposeWe characterize aqueous angiography as a real-time aqueous humor outflow imaging (AHO) modality in cow eyes with two tracers of different molecular characteristics.MethodsCow enucleated eyes (n = 31) were obtained and perfused with balanced salt solution via a Lewicky AC maintainer through a 1-mm side-port. Fluorescein (2.5%) or indocyanine green (ICG; 0.4%) were introduced intracamerally at 10 mm Hg individually or sequentially. With an angiographer, infrared and fluorescent images were acquired. Concurrent anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed, and fixable fluorescent dextrans were introduced into the eye for histologic analysis of angiographically positive and negative areas.ResultsAqueous angiography in cow eyes with fluorescein and ICG yielded high-quality images with segmental patterns. Over time, ICG maintained a better intraluminal presence. Angiographically positive, but not negative, areas demonstrated intrascleral lumens with anterior segment OCT. Aqueous angiography with fluorescent dextrans led to their trapping in AHO pathways. Sequential aqueous angiography with ICG followed by fluorescein in cow eyes demonstrated similar patterns.ConclusionsAqueous angiography in model cow eyes demonstrated segmental angiographic outflow patterns with either fluorescein or ICG as a tracer.Translational relevanceFurther characterization of segmental AHO with aqueous angiography may allow for intelligent placement of trabecular bypass minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries for improved surgical results

Student Encounters with Philippine Embroidery in a Tourism Destination: The Case of Lumban, Laguna

Tourism has been traditionally regarded as a business and management concern. This paper explores how cultural settings can be used to open opportunities for other stakeholders in communities to participate in touristic activities. It aims to contribute to what the authors believe to be the emerging importance of alternative definitions of tourism as a phenomenon. It documents research activities of two academics that did participant observation and interviews in a third-class municipality known for heritage skills in embroidery. Content analysis of field notes obtained months before the off icial start of the university’s semester was done to put structure in an out-of-classroomlearning activity (OCLA) of three sections of undergraduate students. Pre- and post-trip surveys were conducted to gather data on the one-day OCLA. Data obtained from students and local tourism stakeholders were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using a culture tourism framework. The paper ends with insights on OCLAs of undergraduate students and a description of how a visit to a destination can uncover meanings that contribute toward understanding of embroidery, self-identity, and embedded meanings of the visited place

Cancer disparities in Southeast Asia: intersectionality and a call to action.

Southeast Asia has a population of over 680 million people—approximately half the population of India and twice the population of the United States—and is a region marked by rich and complex histories and cultures, dynamic growth, and unique and evolving health challenges.1 Despite the momentum of economic development, health inequalities persist. These inequities have been aggravated since the COVID-19 pandemic, which pushed millions further into poverty, possibly exacerbating health disparities, especially among populations who suffer vulnerabilities.2 Particularly salient are the challenges associated with providing adequate care for people with cancer, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the region.1,2 Cancer incidence and mortality in the region are projected to rise in the coming decades, given population growth and rapidly changing socioeconomic and geopolitical factors, as well as a host of interrelated and dynamic environmental, behavioral, and occupational risk factors.1, 2, 3 Large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated differences among Southeast Asian countries in terms of cancer incidence and mortality.3 Epidemiologic patterns can be attributed to variations in complex risk factors, access to screening and cancer care, and likely genetic predisposition.1, 2, 3 However, these differences also underscore that within each country exist richly diverse populations that experience disparities in cancer risk, screening, care access, outcomes, and survivorship in ways that require further examination. We draw attention to disparities in cancer in Southeast Asian countries. We highlight the need to study cancer disparities affecting minoritised groups in Southeast Asia—not only along lines of race/ethnicity, but also people minoritised along lines of sex/gender, socioeconomic status, religion, geography, and others. We highlight the intersectionality of elements of an individual's identity. Intersectionality, developed by critical race theorist Professor Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989, is an analytic framework borne out of Black American feminist scholarship, that examines how a person's sociopolitical identities lead to disparate balances of privilege and discrimination.4 An intersectional approach would demonstrate that an individual or a community does not only experience economic poverty as the sole barrier to improved health; such an approach would examine how other identities such as religion or immigration status affect access to care. These different social determinants of health are not mutually exclusive; their interrelationships are complex, with consequences for health.5 We leverage the intersectional approach, which parallels the inherently syncretic cultures and histories of Southeast Asian nations, and explore how these identities impact access to cancer care. Meaningful cancer research focusing on peoples of Southeast Asia could present many opportunities for intervention and improvement

The role of glucocorticoids in the induction of zinc-α2-glycoprotein expression in adipose tissue in cancer cachexia

Loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia in mice bearing the MAC16 tumour arises from an increased lipid mobilisation through increased expression of zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) in white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue. Glucocorticoids have been suggested to increase ZAG expression, and this study examines their role in cachexia and the mechanisms involved. In mice bearing the MAC16 tumour, serum cortisol concentrations increased in parallel with weight loss, and the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 (25 mg kg−1) attenuated both the loss of body weight and ZAG expression in WAT. Dexamethasone (66 μg kg−1) administration to normal mice produced a six-fold increase in ZAG expression in both WAT and BAT, which was also attenuated by RU38486. In vitro studies using 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed dexamethasone (1.68 μM) to stimulate lipolysis and increase ZAG expression, and both were attenuated by RU38486 (10 μM), anti-ZAG antibody (1 μgml−1), and the β3-adrenoreceptor (β3-AR) antagonist SR59230A (10 μM). Zinc-α2-glycoprotein also increased its own expression and this was attenuated by SR59230A, suggesting that it was mediated through the β3-AR. This suggests that glucocorticoids stimulate lipolysis through an increase in ZAG expression, and that they are responsible for the increase in ZAG expression seen in adipose tissue of cachectic mice