Predicting Sentence-Level Factuality of News and Bias of Media Outlets

Predicting the factuality of news reporting and bias of media outlets is surely relevant for automated news credibility and fact-checking. While prior work has focused on the veracity of news, we propose a fine-grained reliability analysis of the entire media. Specifically, we study the prediction of sentence-level factuality of news reporting and bias of media outlets, which may explain more accurately the overall reliability of the entire source. We first manually produced a large sentence-level dataset, titled "FactNews", composed of 6,191 sentences expertly annotated according to factuality and media bias definitions from AllSides. As a result, baseline models for sentence-level factuality prediction were presented by fine-tuning BERT. Finally, due to the severity of fake news and political polarization in Brazil, both dataset and baseline were proposed for Portuguese. However, our approach may be applied to any other language

Nonordered dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as promising platforms for advanced methods of diagnosis and therapies

Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) are a new generation of porous materials that have gained great attention compared to other mesoporous silicas due to attractive properties, including straightforward synthesis methods, modular surface chemistry, high surface area, tunable pore size, chemical inertness, particle size distribution, excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high pore volume compared with conventional mesoporous materials. The last years have witnessed a blooming growth of the extensive utilization of DMSNs as an efficient platform in a broad spectrum of biomedical and industrial applications, such as catalysis, energy harvesting, biosensing, drug/gene delivery, imaging, theranostics, and tissue engineering. DMSNs are considered great candidates for nanomedicine applications due to their ease of surface functionalization for targeted and controlled therapeutic delivery, high therapeutic loading capacity, minimizing adverse effects, and enhancing biocompatibility. In this review, we will extensively detail state-of-the-art studies on recent advances in synthesis methods, structure, properties, and applications of DMSNs in the biomedical field with an emphasis on the different delivery routes, cargos, and targeting approaches and a wide range of therapeutic, diagnostic, tissue engineering, vaccination applications and challenges and future implications of DMSNs as cuttingedge technology in medicine

Nonordered dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as promising platforms for advanced methods of diagnosis and therapies

Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) are a new generation of porous materials that have gained great attention compared to other mesoporous silicas due to attractive properties, including straightforward synthesis methods, modular surface chemistry, high surface area, tunable pore size, chemical inertness, particle size distribution, excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high pore volume compared with conventional mesoporous materials. The last years have witnessed a blooming growth of the extensive utilization of DMSNs as an efficient platform in a broad spectrum of biomedical and industrial applications, such as catalysis, energy harvesting, biosensing, drug/gene delivery, imaging, theranostics, and tissue engineering. DMSNs are considered great candidates for nanomedicine applications due to their ease of surface functionalization for targeted and controlled therapeutic delivery, high therapeutic loading capacity, minimizing adverse effects, and enhancing biocompatibility. In this review, we will extensively detail state-of-the-art studies on recent advances in synthesis methods, structure, properties, and applications of DMSNs in the biomedical field with an emphasis on the different delivery routes, cargos, and targeting approaches and a wide range of therapeutic, diagnostic, tissue engineering, vaccination applications and challenges and future implications of DMSNs as cutting-edge technology in medicine

Type 2 diabetes mellitus: limitations of conventional therapies and intervention with nucleic acid-based therapeutics

Limitations of conventional therapies and intervention with nucleic acid-based therapeutics in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are discussed. A compounding factor with existing oral hypoglycemic agent use is that they are limited in their efficacy and suffer from an adverse effect profile that severely impacts patient compliance. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics is gaining significant interest and momentum as an alternative mode of therapy, paving the way toward targeted treatment strategies that aim to 'switch-off' expression of the causative gene(s) that promotes hyperglycemia specifically, with the primary objective of ameliorating the symptoms and so the clinical consequences of T2DM

Self-assembling asymmetric peptide-dendrimer micelles - a platform for effective and versatile in vitro nucleic acid delivery

Despite advancements in the development of high generation cationic-dendrimer systems for delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, commercially available chemical agents suffer from major drawbacks such as cytotoxicity while being laborious and costly to synthesize. To overcome the aforementioned limitations, low-generation cationic peptide asymmetric dendrimers with side arm lipid (cholic and decanoic acid) conjugation were designed, synthesized and systematically screened for their ability to self-assemble into micelles using dynamic light scattering. Cytotoxicity profiling revealed that our entire asymmetric peptide dendrimer library when trialled alone, or as asymmetric dendrimer micelle-nucleic acid complexes, were non-cytotoxic across a broad concentration range. Further, the delivery efficiency of asymmetric peptide dendrimers in H-4-II-E (rat hepatoma), H2K (mdx mouse myoblast), and DAOY (human medulloblastoma) cells demonstrated that cholic acid-conjugated asymmetric dendrimers possess far superior delivery efficiency when compared to the commercial standards, Lipofectamine 2000 or Lipofectin

Rhodium(I) carbonyl complexes of tetradentate chalcogen functionalized phosphines, [P '(X)(CH2CH2P(X)Ph-2)(3)] {X = O, S, Se}: Synthesis, reactivity and catalytic carbonylation reaction

The reaction of [Rh(CO)2Cl] 2 with 0.5 mol equivalent of the ligands [P0(X)(CH 2eCH 2P(X)Ph 2) 3](P0P 3X 4) {where X � O(a), S(b) and Se(c)} affords tetranuclear complexes of the type [Rh 4(CO) 8Cl 4(P0P 3X 4)] (1ae1c). The complexes 1ae1c have been characterized by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry, IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and the ligandsb andc are structurally determined bysingle crystal X-ray diffraction.1ae1c undergo oxidative addition (OA) reactions with CH3I to generate Rh(III) oxidised products. Kinetic data for the reaction of 1a and 1b with excess CH 3I indicate a pseudo�01rst order reaction. The catalytic activity of 1ae1c for the carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid and its ester show a higher Turn Over Frequency (TOF � 1349e1748 h �021) compared to the well-known species [Rh(CO)2I2] �02 (TOF � 1000 h�021) under the similar experimental conditions. However, 1b and 1c exhibit lower TOF than 1a, which may be due to the desulfurization and deselinization of the ligands in the respective complexes under the reaction conditions

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Entrapped Gadolinium for High T-1 Relaxivity and ROS-Scavenging Purposes

Gadolinium chelates are employed worldwide today as clinical contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Until now, the commonly used linear contrast agents based on the rare-earth element gadolinium have been considered safe and well-tolerated. Recently, concerns regarding this type of contrast agent have been reported, which is why there is an urgent need to develop the next generation of stable contrast agents with enhanced spin-lattice relaxation, as measured by improved T-1 relaxivity at lower doses. Here, we show that by the integration of gadolinium ions in cerium oxide nanoparticles, a stable crystalline 5 nm sized nanoparticulate system with a homogeneous gadolinium ion distribution is obtained. These cerium oxide nanoparticles with entrapped gadolinium deliver strong T-1 relaxivity per gadolinium ion (T-1 relaxivity, r(1) = 12.0 mM(-1) s(-1)) with the potential to act as scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The presence of Ce3+ sites and oxygen vacancies at the surface plays a critical role in providing the antioxidant properties. The characterization of radial distribution of Ce3+ and Ce4+ oxidation states indicated a higher concentration of Ce3+ at the nanoparticle surfaces. Additionally, we investigated the ROS-scavenging capabilities of pure gadolinium-containing cerium oxide nanoparticles by bioluminescent imaging in vivo, where inhibitory effects on ROS activity are shown.Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council VR [2019-02409, 2020-05437]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University [2009-00971]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation KAW [2014.0276, 18:399, 19:379]; Centre in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at LiTH (CeNano) at Linkoping University; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) research infrastructure fellow program [RIF 140074]</p