38 research outputs found
Molecular characterization of signalling pathways in cancer stem cells
To avoid artefacts introduced by culturing cells for extended periods of time, it is crucial to use low-passage patient-derived tumour cells. The ability to enrich, isolate and assay sub-populations of cells that behave as cancer stem cells (CSCs) from these primary cell lines is essential before performing characterizations such as gene-expression profiling. We have isolated cells from glioblastomas which show characteristics of CSCs. Although glioblastomas contain only a relatively small amount of putative CSCs, these cells express many genes which seem to be worthy targets for future therapies
Different W cluster deposition regimes in pulsed laser ablation observed by in situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
We report on how different cluster deposition regimes can be obtained and
observed by in situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) by exploiting
deposition parameters in a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process. Tungsten
clusters were produced by nanosecond Pulsed Laser Ablation in Ar atmosphere at
different pressures and deposited on Au(111) and HOPG surfaces. Deposition
regimes including cluster deposition-diffusion-aggregation (DDA), cluster
melting and coalescence and cluster implantation were observed, depending on
background gas pressure and target-to-substrate distance which influence the
kinetic energy of the ablated species. These parameters can thus be easily
employed for surface modification by cluster bombardment, deposition of
supported clusters and growth of films with different morphologies. The
variation in cluster mobility on different substrates and its influence on
aggregation and growth mechanisms has also been investigated.Comment: 12 pages (3 figures); Surface Science (accepted
Photoinduced intramolecular charge-transfer reactions in 4-amino-3-methyl benzoic acid methyl ester: A fluorescence study in condensed-phase and jet-cooled molecular beams
Cervical nerve root decompression by lateral approach as salvage operation after failed anterior transdiscal surgery: technical case report
Cervical nerve root compression caused by disco-osteophytic changes is classically operated by anterior transdiscal approach with disc replacement. If compression persists or recurs, reoperation via the same surgical route may be difficult, because of scar tissue and/or implants. An alternative approach may be necessary. We recommend the lateral cervical approach (retrojugular) as salvage operation in such cases. We report a patient with cervical nerve root compression operated by anterior transdiscal approach with plate and bone graft. As some compression persisted clinically and radiologically, the patient was re-operated via a lateral approach. The surgical access was free of scar tissue. The arthrodesis could be left intact and did not prevent effective nerve root decompression. The patient became asymptomatic. The lateral cervical approach (retrojugular) as reported here, is an excellent alternative pathway if reoperation after anterior transdiscal surgery with disc replacement becomes necessary