Normal origamis of Mumford curves

An origami (also known as square-tiled surface) is a Riemann surface covering a torus with at most one branch point. Lifting two generators of the fundamental group of the punctured torus decomposes the surface into finitely many unit squares. By varying the complex structure of the torus one obtains easily accessible examples of Teichm\"uller curves in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. The p-adic analogues of Riemann surfaces are Mumford curves. A p-adic origami is defined as a covering of Mumford curves with at most one branch point, where the bottom curve has genus one. A classification of all normal non-trivial p-adic origamis is presented and used to calculate some invariants. These can be used to describe p-adic origamis in terms of glueing squares.Comment: 21 pages, to appear in manuscripta mathematica (Springer

Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to the Lifetime Difference of BsB_s Mesons

We compute the QCD corrections to the decay rate difference in the $B_s-\bar B_s$ system, $\Delta\Gamma_{B_s}$, in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation using the heavy quark expansion approach. Going beyond leading order in QCD is essential to obtain a proper matching of the Wilson coefficients to the matrix elements of local operators from lattice gauge theory. The lifetime difference is reduced considerably at next-to-leading order. We find $(\Delta\Gamma/\Gamma)_{B_s}=(f_{B_s}/210 MeV)^2 [0.006 B(m_b)+0.150 B_S(m_b)-0.063]$ in terms of the bag parameters $B, B_S$ in the NDR scheme. As a further application of our analysis we also derive the next-to-leading order result for the mixing-induced CP asymmetry in inclusive $b\to u\bar ud$ decays, which measures $\sin 2\alpha$.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure; minor modifications of the text, improved discussion of eq. (35), all results unchange

A series of coverings of the regular n-gon

We define an infinite series of translation coverings of Veech's double-n-gon for odd n greater or equal to 5 which share the same Veech group. Additionally we give an infinite series of translation coverings with constant Veech group of a regular n-gon for even n greater or equal to 8. These families give rise to explicit examples of infinite translation surfaces with lattice Veech group.Comment: A missing case in step 1 in the proof of Thm. 1 b was added. (To appear in Geometriae Dedicata.

Two-loop matching of the dipole operators for b→sγb \to s \gamma and b→sgluonb \to s gluon

The order $\alpha_s$ corrections to the Wilson coefficients of the dipole operators ($O_7,O_8$) at the matching scale $\mu =m_W$ are a crucial ingredient for a complete next- to-leading logarithmic calculation of the branching ratio for $b \to s \gamma$. Given the phenomenological relevance and the fact that this two-loop calculation has been done so far only by one group [1], we present a detailed re-calculation using a different method. Our results are in complete agreement with those in ref. [1].Comment: 24 pages, latex, 6 figures include

Estimate of B(K -> pi nu nubar) from Standard Model fits to lambda_t

We estimate B(K -> pi nu nubar) in the context of the Standard Model by fitting for lambda_t = Vtd x V*ts of the `kaon unitarity triangle' relation. We fit data from epsilon_K, the CP-violating parameter describing K-mixing, and a_{psi K}, the CP-violating asymmetry in B -> J/psi K decays. Our estimate is independent of the CKM matrix element Vcb and of the ratio of Bs to Bd mixing frequencies. The measured value of B(K+ -> pi+ nu nubar) can be compared both to this estimate and to predictions made from the ratio of B mixing frequencies.Comment: 8 pages, including 6 figures. v3 includes an expanded discussion of correlations between SM inputs to the lambda_t fit, clarifies the discussion of the independence of this result from the ratio of B mixing frequencies, includes minor updates to the values of SM input parameters, and includes some new and some updated reference

CP Violation and Flavour Mixing in the Standard Model -- 1996 Update

We review and update the constraints on the parameters of the quark flavour mixing matrix $V_{CKM}$ in the standard model and estimate the resulting CP asymmetries in $B$ decays, taking into account recent experimental and theoretical developments. With the updated CKM matrix we present the currently-allowed range of the ratios $|V_{td}/V_{ts}|$ and $|V_{td}/V_{ub}|$, as well as the standard model predictions for the \bsbsbar\ mixing parameter \xs (or, equivalently, \delms) and the quantities $\sin 2\alpha$, $\sin 2\beta$ and $\sin^2\gamma$, which characterize the CP-asymmetries in $B$-decays.Comment: 23 pages, LaTeX, 9 figures; updated to include latest experimental results on Bs-Bs(bar) mixin

Clinical Evaluation of a Telemedically Linked Intraoral Drug Delivery System

The miniaturized intraoral drug delivery system BuccalDose is composed of a replaceable cartridge which is worn in a removable prosthesis and an external base station for telemedical therapy monitoring. The system has now been tested for the first time with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) patients. The study evaluated the usability of the entire system, the functionality of the telemedical transmission path and the functionality of the cartridge, which uses an osmotic pumping principle to release a liquid drug formulation to the buccal mucosa. The BuccalDose system was generally considered to be easy to handle, even with movement disorders, up to a mild-moderate disease stage. In addition, the obtained in vivo release rates of the cartridges confirmed the previously achieved in vitro release behavior

Infection with the Intracellular Protozoan Parasite Theileria parva Induces Constitutively High Levels of NF-κ B in Bovine T Lymphocytes.

The intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria parva causes a lymphoproliferative disease of T cells in cattle and uncontrolled lymphocyte proliferation in culture. We have identified and characterized in infected cells the transcriptional activator, NF-κ B, whose recognition motifs have been identified in several gene enhancers important for lymphocyte-specific gene expression. NF-κ B is normally constitutively activated in nuclear extracts derived from B cells and can be induced in T cells and nonlymphoid cells by phorbol esters. Theileria-infected lymphocytes contained constitutively high levels of activated NF-kappa B in nuclear fractions and inactive NF-κ B in cytoplasmic fractions. The inactive cytoplasmic precursor could be activated by treatment of extracts with deoxycholate, which was shown previously to dissociate NF-κ B from an inhibitor, I kappa B. Treatment of lymphocyte extracts with 3 mM GTP stimulated NF-κ B binding to its recognition motif in vitro, thereby distinguishing it from a related nuclear factor, H2-TF1. Selective killing of the parasite, which left the host cells intact, resulted in a rapid loss of NF-κ B from the nuclear fractions and a slower loss from the cytoplasmic fractions. In parasitized cells, NF-κ B could not be further stimulated by treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate whereas in cells treated to remove the parasite, this compound stimulated elevated levels of NF-κ B. We propose that high levels of activated NF-κ B are maintained by the presence of the parasite in infected T cells. Similarly, we propose that the high levels of inactive cytoplasmic precursor are a result of increased synthesis due to the presence of the parasite

Three-Loop Anomalous Dimension of the Heavy Quark Pair Production Current in Non-Relativistic QCD

The three-loop non-mixing contributions to the anomalous dimension of the leading order quark pair production current in non-relativistic QCD are computed. It is demonstrated that the renormalization procedure can only be carried out consistently if the dynamics of both soft and the ultrasoft degrees of freedom is present for all scales below the heavy quark mass, and if the soft and ultrasoft renormalization scales are always correlated.Comment: 19 pages, revtex, 5 postscript figures include

An updated analysis of eps'/eps in the standard model with hadronic matrix elements from the chiral quark model

We discuss the theoretical and experimental status of the CP violating ratio eps'/eps. We revise our 1997 standard-model estimate-based on hadronic matrix elements computed in the chiral quark model up to O(p^4) in the chiral expansion-by including an improved statistical analysis of the uncertainties and updated determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa elements and other short-distance parameters. Using normal distributions for the experimental input data we find Re eps'/eps = (2.2 \pm 0.8) x 10^{-3}, whereas a flat scanning gives 0.9 x 10^{-3} < Re eps'/eps < 4.8 x 10^{-3}. Both results are in agreement with the current experimental data. The key element in our estimate is, as before, the fit of the Delta I=1/2 rule, which allows us to absorb most of the theoretical uncertainties in the determination of the model-dependent parameters in the hadronic matrix elements. Our semi-phenomenological approach leads to numerical stability against variations of the renormalization scale and scheme dependence of the short- and long-distance components. The same dynamical mechanism at work in the selection rule also explains the larger value obtained for \ratio with respect to other estimates. A coherent picture of K -> pi pi decays is thus provided.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, RevTeX, discussion updated, refs adde