Arabic spam tweets classification using deep learning

With the increased use of social network sites, such as Twitter, attackers exploit these platforms to spread counterfeit content. Such content can be fake advertisements or illegal content. Classifying such content is a challenging task, especially in Arabic. The Arabic language has a complex structure and makes classification tasks more difficult. This paper presents an approach to classifying Arabic tweets using classical machine learning (non-deep machine learning) and deep learning techniques. Tweets corpus were collected through Twitter API and labelled manually to get a reliable dataset. For an efficient classifier, feature extraction is applied to the corpus dataset. Then, two learning techniques are used for each feature extraction technique on the created dataset using N-gram models (uni-gram, bi-gram, and char-gram). The applied classical machine learning algorithms are support vector machines, neural networks, logistics regression, and naïve Bayes. Global vector (GloVe) and fastText learning models are utilised for the deep learning approaches. The Precision, Recall, and F1-score are the suggested performance measures calculated in this paper. Afterwards, the dataset is increased using the synthetic minority oversampling technique class to create a balanced dataset. After applying the classical machine learning models, the experimental results show that the neural network algorithm outperforms the other algorithms. Moreover, the GloVe outperforms the fastText model for the deep learning approach

Clones with finitely many relative R-classes

For each clone C on a set A there is an associated equivalence relation analogous to Green's R-relation, which relates two operations on A iff each one is a substitution instance of the other using operations from C. We study the clones for which there are only finitely many relative R-classes.Comment: 41 pages; proofs improved, examples adde

Application des recommandations dans la prise en charge du cancer de l’endomètre en pratique clinique. Étude rétrospective bretonne

National audienceObjective - To assess the use of French Cancer Institute recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancer. Methods - Retrospective observational study involving 137 patients with endometrial cancer between 2011 and 2013. Results - Both MRI and pathological assessment with correct report as recommended were used for 66.4% of patients with endometrial cancer. For patients with correct preoperative assessment, 44.9% of patients were uncorrectly classified and upgraded on final pathological analysis of hysterectomy concerning lymph node involvement risk. These patients did not have confident surgical assessment, according this risk. Conclusion - To improve relevance of preoperative assessment in endometrial cancer, radiological and pathological expertise is required. However, even performed optimally, preoperative assessment does not allow correct risk stratification of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer. This ineffective stratification leads to propose sentinel lymph node biopsy with hysterectomy in case of preoperative low risk endometrial cancer assessment

New Model of Macrophage Acquisition of the Lymphatic Endothelial Phenotype

Macrophage-derived lymphatic endothelial cell progenitors (M-LECPs) contribute to new lymphatic vessel formation, but the mechanisms regulating their differentiation, recruitment, and function are poorly understood. Detailed characterization of M-LECPs is limited by low frequency in vivo and lack of model systems allowing in-depth molecular analyses in vitro. Our goal was to establish a cell culture model to characterize inflammation-induced macrophage-to-LECP differentiation under controlled conditions.Time-course analysis of diaphragms from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice revealed rapid mobilization of bone marrow-derived and peritoneal macrophages to the proximity of lymphatic vessels followed by widespread (∼50%) incorporation of M-LECPs into the inflamed lymphatic vasculature. A differentiation shift toward the lymphatic phenotype was found in three LPS-induced subsets of activated macrophages that were positive for VEGFR-3 and many other lymphatic-specific markers. VEGFR-3 was strongly elevated in the early stage of macrophage transition to LECPs but undetectable in M-LECPs prior to vascular integration. Similar transient pattern of VEGFR-3 expression was found in RAW264.7 macrophages activated by LPS in vitro. Activated RAW264.7 cells co-expressed VEGF-C that induced an autocrine signaling loop as indicated by VEGFR-3 phosphorylation inhibited by a soluble receptor. LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages also showed a 68% overlap with endogenous CD11b(+)/VEGFR-3(+) LECPs in the expression of lymphatic-specific genes. Moreover, when injected into LPS- but not saline-treated mice, GFP-tagged RAW264.7 cells massively infiltrated the inflamed diaphragm followed by integration into 18% of lymphatic vessels.We present a new model for macrophage-LECP differentiation based on LPS activation of cultured RAW264.7 cells. This system designated here as the "RAW model" mimics fundamental features of endogenous M-LECPs. Unlike native LECPs, this model is unrestricted by cell numbers, heterogeneity of population, and ability to change genetic composition for experimental purposes. As such, this model can provide a valuable tool for understanding the LECP and lymphatic biology

Oil spill risk assessments for coastal zone protection In the Arabian Gulf

Introduction. Oil spills can be disastrous in terms of their ecological, social and economic effects on the coastal zone. In the Arabian Gulf, oil has the potential for accidental release into the marine environment across a range of operations, including coastal developments (ports, terminals, etc.), as well as offshore activities (oil and gas exploration, shipping, etc.). Accurate predictions of the fate and behaviour of spilled oil are therefore important and usually require the use of computational models. Simulations rely on a range of model predictions – including detailed hydrodynamic and meteorological fields – as well as adequate representation of the properties and physics of the spilled oil. Oil spill model assessment procedures. The authors have recently carried out research to establish best practice procedures for the assessment of the fate of spilled oil and its impact in coastal and offshore regions (Henno et al., 2015). An integrated framework for oil spill assessment was developed, using both established modelling tools and enhanced Lagrangian models. The study brought together expertise in coastal processes, metocean studies, the maritime industry and marine ecology. The procedure was demonstrated and validated using data for a real spill incident in coastal waters. Coastal zone protection in the Arabian Gulf. The Arabian Gulf is an area of rapid industrial development. Over the last decade in particular, there have been significant expansions in ports, refineries and other coastal facilities across the region. As a relatively enclosed basin, water exchange occurs over long periods, with estimated residence times of 2-5 years (Elshorbagy et al, 2006). This means that pollutants and spills in coastal waters can have both local and regional effects, potentially over long time-scales. Therefore it is important that planning studies and pollution risk assessments for each new coastal development do not occur in isolation. Regional level pollution and oil spill assessments are one way to inform Coastal Zone Management (CZM) plans, protecting the environment from the potential harmful effects of spills. Modelling to support management plans. To support CZM and planning for new coastal developments, the authors applied their validated spill assessment procedure to sites in the Arabian Gulf. The study used a combination of calibrated hydrodynamic models, validated oil spill models, and state-of-the-art parallel computing capabilities. Model simulations demonstrate the potential fate of spills from a range of industrial sites, and their transport over the wider Gulf by tidal- and wind-driven currents. These can be readily refined and extended to inform Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs), risk assessments and Coastal Zone Management (CZM) plans for new developments. The outputs include the likelihood of shoreline or sensitive receiver impact, and minimum transport times for oil to reach designated sites. Sensitive coastal areas can then be protected from potential spills through suitable management and spill response plans

Oil spill model assessment procedures for coastal and offshore developments

Oil spills can be disastrous in terms of their ecological, social and economic effects. Recent global marine pollution events have demonstrated the potential scale of such incidents. Oil has the potential for accidental release into the marine environment across a range of operations, including coastal developments (ports, terminals, etc.), as well as offshore activities (oil and gas exploration, shipping, etc.). Accurate predictions of the fate and behaviour of spilled oil are therefore important to support environmental studies, clean-up operations, and to inform risk assessments. This usually requires the use of computational models. Simulations rely on a range of model predictions – including detailed hydrodynamic and meteorological fields – as well as adequate representation of the properties and physics of the spilled oil. This paper presents the results of recent research carried out by HR Wallingford to establish best practice procedures for the assessment of the fate of spilled oil and its impact in coastal and offshore regions. An integrated framework for oil spill assessment is presented, using both established modelling tools and the newly-enhanced Lagrangian model OIL RW. The study brings together expertise in coastal processes, metocean studies, the maritime industry and marine ecology. The model is demonstrated and validated using data for a real spill incident in coastal waters

Histological and transcriptional study of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in uninvolved skin, acute pinpoint lesions and established psoriasis plaques: an approach of vascular development chronology in psoriasis

Background Dysregulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis could participate in psoriasis pathogenesis. Analysis of nascent psoriasis lesions should help at identifying early vascular anomalies. Objective To analyse vascular development, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis markers expression in uninvolved skin in psoriatic patients (N), early psoriasis lesions or pinpoints (PP) and psoriasis plaques (PSO). Methods Skin biopsies were taken in 17 patients in N and in PSO and/or PP. The mRNA steady-state level of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis markers was measured by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed for von Willebrand factor, podoplanin, Ki-67 and VEGFR3. Blood (BV) and lymphatic (LV) vessels expansion was measured by computer-assisted morphometry. Results Clinical and epidermal aspects indicated that PP are intermediate between N and PSO. While total BV area was already increased in PP similarly to PSO as compared to N, LV area in PP was intermediate between N and PSO. Mean LV size was identical in N and PP and increased in PSO, mean BV size in PP being intermediate between N and PSO. VEGF-A 189 variant was increased in PP as compared to N and PSO. As compared to N, angiogenesis markers (VEGF-A isoforms, PlGF, VEGFR2, NRP-1), VEGF-C and NRP-2 were similarly increased in PP and PSO. Keratin 16 and the lymphangiogenesis markers (VEGFR3, prox-1) were intermediate in PP. Conclusion These data suggest that the expansion of lymphatic vessels occurs after blood vascular development in psoriasis. Expansion of BV in PP could be followed by vessel enlargement during progression to PSO, in parallel with a decreased VEGF-A 189/VEGF-A 121 balance in plaque