On the apllication of single specie dynamic population model

The Method of mathematical models of Malthus and Verhults were applied on ten years data collected from Magaram Poultry Farm to determine the nature of population growth, population decay or constant growth in a Poultry Farm, and independent t-test as well as one way Anova  were used to compare the predicted values and observed values in order to find out whether there is significant difference between the observed and predicted values using these two models.Keywords: Birth rate, sustainable population, overcrowding, harvesting, independent t-test and one way Anova

Influence of parental socio-economic status and e-learning education in the COVID-19 pandemic era

This paper examined the Influence of parental socio-economic status and e-learning education in the COVID-19 pandemic era. In doing this, an attempt was made to explain the meaning of COVID-19 disease and its effect on the education system. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a lockdown of the sectors of the economy, including the education sector in 2020. The shutdown of the education system led to the popularization of online learning or the e-learning method of teaching and learning. The low socio-economic status of some parents hindered the access of some students to the e-learning method of education. Recommendations were made that parents should provide the ICT devices needed by their children and a conductive environment with internet based facilities should be provided at home. Computer appreciation should be properly supervised in the schools, while the government and school proprietors should also provide adequate modern ICT facilities in the schools

Comparative studies on adsorption of methylene blue (MB) by sawdust and walnut shells carbon coated with ZnO

No Abstrac

Comprehensive analysis of security issues in cloud-based Internet of Things: A survey

The Internet of Things (IoT )has emerged as the largest computing platform, enabling IoT devices to sense real-world conditions such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and cloud prediction. However, the security of IoT systems is crucial due to their direct impact on human life. With the expansion of processing and communication capabilities to numerous devices, IoT has become a vast network where connectivity is ubiquitous. This paper focuses on the security issues of cloud-based IoT, specifically access control, network security, data security, and privacy, which are the four main components of cloud-based IoT. By analyzing and comparing existing research papers on security in cloud IoT and IoT in general, we identify proposed solutions. Most researchers have concentrated on a single component, while only a few have addressed two components. Consequently, our research aims to bridge the gap in Cloud IoT security by focusing on more than two components. We propose the utilization of methods such as Machine Learning and blockchain to enhance security, drawing on the strengths highlighted in previous works. Our future focus will involve exploring potential attacks in cloud IoT and developing a comprehensive method that encompasses atleast three security components of cloud IoT security

Planning for ex-combatants reintegration in a post-conflict society: lessons learnt from African experiences for Kivu in the Democratique Republic of Congo

This study seeks to critically assess an alternative approach to reintegrating ex-combatants into the Local Economic Development (LED) process, using the experiences of other African countries. It also offers practitioners guidance on how planners might successfully address the challenges of reintegration within the context of a Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) programmes. The study unpacks the role of Public Works Projects in a post-war torn society for this purpose. The strength of Public Works Projects in a post-conflict society lies on the fact that these projects aim to provide rapid and visible relief for the reintegration of ex-combatants and/or other socially marginalised people into civil society. Public Works Projects build the capacity of communities for development, keeping the marginalised members productive and self-reliant in the new society in which they find themselves. Using the case study of Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this study is premised on the assumption that the planning of the reintegration of Kivu’s ex-combatants needs to focus on the an overall systems framework, whereby all the segments play a crucial and equal role and where all the issues of LED through Public Works Projects are regarded as dynamic and treated as interconnected. Experience from Sub-Saharan African countries show that the reintegration of ex-combatants is a means towards sustainable peace and LED enhancement in a post-conflict society since it allows external and national partners to invest, through Public Works Projects, in rebuilding developmental infrastructure in a post-conflict society. Planning for the reintegration of ex-combatants in a society, therefore, assumed a multifaceted approach. Within the context of this research, this new form of planning for the economic reintegration of excombatants has the potential of lasting longer and requiring more funding than the excombatants’ reintegration programme as it exists currently in Kivu. It urgently needs more dedicated resources in the form of Public Works Projects to prevent a relapse of conflict. The reintegration of ex-combatants in Kivu (DRC) confirms the fragile and complex nature of the DDR programme and speaks of the need to reassess the role of Public Works Projects in postconflict reconstruction

Variation in Mineral Composition of Raw Milk of Cow and Sheep Breeds from Kano and Jigawa States, Nigeria, with Season

The study evaluates the effects of seasons on mineral compositions of the raw milk of cow and sheep breeds. The study was conducted at Fulani settlements within Kano and Jigawa states, Nigeria. Raw milk samples were analysed for mineral elements using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and Flame Emission Spectrophotometer (FES). The results of the present analyses showed that K had the highest concentration, while Mn had the lowest in all the breeds during rainy season (RS) and dry season (DS). K, Na, and Mn were highest in cow breeds for the RS and DS, while Ca, P, Mg and Zn were highest in sheep breeds during the RS and DS, Among the cow breeds Ca, P, Fe, Mn and Cu were highest in the raw milk of Red Bororo cow (RBC) for both RS and DS, K, Na and Zn were highest in the raw milk of White Fulani cow (WFC) during the RS and DS, while Mg was highest in the raw milk of Sokoto Gudali cow (SGC) during the RS and DS. For sheep breeds Ca, Mg and Zn were highest in the raw milk of Uda sheep (US) during the RS and DS, K, P, Na and Mn were highest in the raw milk of (BS) during the RS and DS, while Fe and Cu were highest in the raw milk of (YS) during the RS and DS. Generally K, P, Na and Mn were high in the raw milk of cow breeds during Rainy season (RS), while Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn and Cu were high during RS in the raw milk of sheep breeds. Some of the nutritional elements concentrations were below the Institute of Medicine (IOM) standard requirements for human consumption. There is a need for improvement of the local breeds in the nutritional elements to meet the standard requirements.Keywords: raw milk, breeds, mineral compositio

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF NURSING CARE IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ZARIA: PATIENTS' PERSPECTIVE

This survey attempted to assess the quality of nursing care in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital based on the patients’ opinion. The population of study included patients who were 18 years and above and have spent at least 3 nights in the hospital. A total of one hundred and eight (108) patients were selected for the survey. The results revealed that 81.5% of the respondent had attended at least primary school, 44.5% had spent 15 days and more in the hospital. Some areas specifically assessed by respondents among others include care and treatment received from Nurses, Nurses knowledge and ability. The patients overall assessment of nursing care reveals that 82.7% were satisfied and feels that nursing care was good. The need to continually measure, monitor and improve nursing care as well as encouraging professional specialization and organizing orientation programs/update courses, workshop etc on a regular basis among others were made, as recommendations

Drag Reduction with Polymer Mixtures in Pipes of Different Diameters

Transporting crude oil and other fluid in pipelines of different sizes over long distances in process industries require high amount of energy which results to high cost of installing pumping stations and maintenance. Addition in part per million (ppm) of high molecular weight polymeric solution reduce such cost. The effect of pipe diameter, oil input volume fraction and flow rate (superficial velocity) on drag reduction (DR) in horizontal oil-waterflows was investigated in unplasticised polyvinylchloride (uPVC) horizontal pipe with two different pipe diameters (0.012 and 0.02 m IDs). The two liquids used were diesel oil (ρ = 832 kg/m3, µ = 1.66 cP) and water (ρ = 1,000 kg/m3, µ = 0.89 cP) as test fluids at ambient conditions (25°C, 1 atm). Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM; magnafloc 1011), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and Aloe Vera Mucilage (AVM) separately, as well as mixture of HPAM-AVM and PEO-AVM at different oil input volume fraction (δo; 0,0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) and flow rate (Q; 0.65, 1.28, 1.90 and 2.46 m3/hr) were used. The master solution of 2,000 ppm, 2,000 ppm and 20,000 ppm for HPAM, PEO and AVM respectively and their respective mixtures were used to achieve the required concentrations. Mercury U-tube manometer was used to measure the pressure drop. DR of 62%, 65%, 54% for HPAM, PEO and AVM; 69 and 71% for HPAM-AVM and PEO-AVM respectively at mixing ratio of 3:1 and 1:19 in 0.012 m ID. Also, DR of 58%, 62%, 43% for HPAM, PEO and AVM; 67% and 68% for HPAM-AVM and PEO-AVM respectively in 0.02 m ID were obtained at the same condition. The pressure drops observed in the smaller pipe (0.012 m ID) was higher than that of the larger pipe diameter (0.02 m ID). From the experimental results, DR decreased with increase in the pipe diameter at the same conditions. This result implies that, DR in oil-water pipeline flow is a function of oil input volume fraction, superficial velocity and pipe diamete