Effects of Safranal on Tissue Oxidative Stress in Sub-Chronic Thinner-Addicted Rats

ΔΕΝ ΔΙΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗThe present study was carried out to determine the effects of sub-chronic thinner addiction on the oxidant-antioxidant balance and oxidative stress on certain tissues and the possible protective effect of safranal against thinner toxication in rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals each as follows: control (C), safranal (S), thinner (T) and thinner+safranal (T+S). The control group received 1cc saline by gastric gavage. Safranal was administered to S and T+S groups by using gastric gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day and volume of 0.1 mL/kg/day. Thinner inhalation was applied to T and T+S groups in a container with NaOH tablets twice a day. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites, total antioxidant capacity (TAS) and total oxidant capacity (TOS) were determined in liver, lung, brain, kidney and testis tissues of the rats. In the T+S group, it was observed that the MDA levels significantly decreased in all tissues, except the kidney, in comparison to the thinner inhalation group (p = 0.000). When the NOx levels of the T+S group were compared with the levels of the T group, it was concluded that there existed a statistically significant decrease in the NOx levels in alltissues (p = 0.000). In T+S group, it was observed that safranal either eliminated or mitigated oxidative stress that developed in tissues through decreasing MDA and TOS levels and increasing GSH and TAS levels and caused significant decreases in NOX levels in all tissues. As a result, it was determined that safranal, although not uniform for all tissue types, had a protective potential against the damaging effects of oxidative stress caused by sub-chronic thinner inhalation

A Quantisation of Cognitive Learning Process by Computer Graphics-Games: Towards More Efficient Learning Models

Research group of Computer Sciences at DMU, Psychology Research Group at University of Birmingham and Reseach Group of Computer Science at University of Northumbria.With the latest developments in computer technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, more opportunities of cognitive data acquisition and stimulation via game-based systems have become available for computer scientists and psychologists. This may lead to more efficient cognitive learning model developments to be used in different fields of cognitive psychology than in the past. The increasing popularity of computer games among a broad range of age groups leads scientists and experts to seek game domain solutions to cognitive based learning abnormalities, especially for younger age groups and children. One of the major advantages of computer graphics and using game-based techniques over the traditional face-to-face therapies is that individuals, especially children immerse in the game’s virtual environment and consequently feel more open to share their cognitive behavioural characteristics naturally. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of graphical agents on cognitive behaviours to generate more efficient cognitive models

Riemann boundary value problems in generalized weighted hardy spaces

Riemann boundary value problem of analytic function theory in weighted Hardy classes with variable summability index is considered in this work. The Fredholmness of this problem is investigated under certain conditions on coefficients and a weight. The general solution for homogeneous problem is obtained in weighted Hardy classes with variable summability index. In the case where the weight function satisfies the Muckenhoupt condition with variable summability index, the solvability of the non-homogeneous Riemann problem with the right side from the generalized weighted Lebesgue space is studied

Investigation and performance optimization of mesh networking in Zigbee

The aim of this research paper is to perform a detailed investigation and performance optimization of mesh networking in Zigbee. ZigBee applications are open and global wireless technology that are based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard, it is used for sense and control in many fields like, military, commercial, industrial and medical applications. Extending ZigBee lifetime is a high demand in many ZigBee networks industry and applications, and since the lifetime of ZigBee nodes depends mainly on batteries for their power, the desire for developing a scheme or methodology that support power management and saving battery lifetime is of a great requirement. In this research work, a power sensitive routing Algorithm is proposed Power Sensitive Ad hoc On-Demand (PS-AODV) to develop protocol scheme and methodology of existing on-demand routing protocols, by introducing an algorithm that manages ZigBee operations and construct the route from trusted active nodes. Furthermore, many aspects of routing protocol in ZigBee mesh networks have been researched to concentrate on route discovery, route maintenance, neighbouring table, and shortest paths. PS-AODV routing algorithm is used in two different ZigBee mesh networks, with two different coordinator locations, one used at the centre and the other one at the corner of the networks. The extracted results conclude a better network operation for the coordinator located at the centre with an increase in the network lifetime around 20% percentage, and saved about 32.7% of delay time compare to AODV

THE DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION DENSITY OF THE CEREAL WEEVIL, PACHYTYCHIUSHORDEI (BRULLÉ) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN CEREAL FIELDS IN NORTHERN CYPRUS

The Cereal weevil, Pachytychiushordei (Brulle) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an important pest of barley and wheat. This study was conducted to determine the distribution areas and the population density of P. hordei in Northern Cyprus. The sampling were conducted in 57 cereal fields of 46 villages in Lefkoşa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Gazimağusa and İskele districts in 2012-2013 years. Sweep net were used in samplings. At the end of the study, P. hordei has been found common all in regions and the highest population densities were 379 adults/100 sweepnet and 247 adults/100 sweep net in Hisarköy/Girne in the years 2012-2013 respectively. In addition, damage states of P. hordei was evaluated

Correction of more hallux valgus pathologic disorders with a single distal osteotomy a new surgical technique

Background: Hallux valgus, one of the most common deformities of the great toe, may cause pain, dysfunction, and impaired gait pattern. In this retrospective study we report the results of a new type of distal metatarsal osteotomy combined with distal soft-tissue release in patients with mild-to-moderate hallux valgus deformity. Methods: This new technique was used in the management of 32 feet of 31 patients (eight men and 23 women) with mild-to-moderate hallux valgus. Hallux valgus angle, i ntermetatarsal angl e, and distal metatarsal articular angl e were measured on preoperative, earl y postoperative (6–8 weeks), and l ate (1 year) postoperative radiographs. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux metatarsophalangeal score was calculated. Sesamoid position, by considering medial sesamoid position, and metatarsal shortness were also measured. Results: Statistically significant differences were detected between the preoperative and late postoperative measurements of the hallux valgus angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, intermetatarsal angle, and sesamoid position parameters in patients operated on with this technique. Improvement was 14° for the hallux valgus angle, 4° for the distal metatarsal articular angle, and 4° for the intermetatarsal angle. Sesamoid position was also improved, and the mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was significantly improved. Metatarsal shortness greater than 2 mm was observed in two patients without resulting in any clinical discomfort. Conclusions: This new technique was easy, safe, and promising in patients diagnosed as having mild-to-moderate hallux valgus deformity. © 2021, American Podiatric Medical Association. All rights reserved

Intellectual dialogue in creative thinking (Based on the analysis of creating inventions)

One of the topical issues in the psychology of thinking is the study of conditions for successful solutions of creative tasks and problems. They include the intellectual dialogue. In this context, the authors conducted an empirical study of the intellectual dialogue in creative thinking as a condition for successful problem solving. The study was based on the theory of problem situations and structural level theory. The purpose of the research was to study the forms and functions of the intellectual dialogue at di fferent stages of solving creative problems. Hypotheses: the functions and forms of the intellectual dialogue are related to the stage of solving a creative problem; specific features of creative problem solving determine those personal characteristics of the subjects being co-authors of the intellectual dialogue that are significant for achieving a solution. The study was carried out on a sample of inventors, various specialists in the scientific and technical field of Azerbaijan and Russia, patent holders (N = 17) aged 42 to 80 years old, (65% of males, 35% of females). The researchers used the original methodology (by F. S. Keberlinskaya, A. A. Matyushkina) that is aimed at assessing the forms and functions of the intellectual dialogue with the help of the thinking personalities’ ‘roles’ (Ch. M. Gadzhiyev) in relation to the process of creating their own inventions at its various stages. Diagnostics of personal characteristics was carried out with the help of the “Five-Factor Personality Model Questionnaire” (Robert R. McCrae, Paul T. Costa) adapted by A. B. Khromov, and the test by K. Thomas “Con flict Mode Instrument” (Kenneth W. Thomas, Ralph H. Kilmann) adapted by N. V. Grishina. The results show that the intellectual dialogue performs different functions correlated to the stage of problem solving in the process of creative problem solving that leads to a new invention at the level of discovery in the scientific and technical field and its later implementation in practice. At the stage of problem statement, the internal dialogue is significant for the author of the idea. This dialogue serves to understand the meaning of the problem as potentially solvable. At the stages of hypothesizing and developing final solutions, the role of an external dialogue is essential. This dialogue performs the functions of providing additional information and synthesizing it from different fields of knowledge