Antimicrobial Resistance of Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates

Purpose:To investigate the antimicrobial resistance rate of 110 E. coli strains, isolated from UTIs in Etlik Lokman Hekim Hospital, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.Methods: API-20E System (bioMerieux, France) was used to identify E. coli isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted on Mueller-Hinton Agar plates (Merck, Germany) using agar disc diffusion method and the results were expressed as susceptible or resistant according to the criteria recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standarts Institute (CLSI).Results: The resistance rates detected were 56 % to ampicillin, 24 % to ampicillin sulbactam, 9 % to gentamicin, 15 % to ciprofloxacin, 36 % to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, 12 % to cefazolin, and 7 % to cefuroxime. All isolates tested were susceptible to fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin.Conclusion: When the high resistance rates in Turkey are taken into consideration, antimicrobial agent usage policies and empirical therapies should be based on antimicrobial resistance surveillance studies.Keywords: Urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli, Antimicrobial resistanc

Higher P-Wave Dispersion in Migraine Patients with Higher Number of Attacks

Objective and Aim. An imbalance of the sympathetic system may explain many of the clinical manifestations of the migraine. We aimed to evaluate P-waves as a reveal of sympathetic system function in migraine patients and healthy controls. Materials and Methods. Thirty-five episodic type of migraine patients (complained of migraine during 5 years or more, BMI < 30 kg/m2) and 30 controls were included in our study. We measured P-wave durations (minimum, maximum, and dispersion) from 12-lead ECG recording during pain-free periods. ECGs were transferred to a personal computer via a scanner and then used for magnification of x400 by Adobe Photoshop software. Results. P-wave durations were found to be similar between migraine patients and controls. Although P WD (P-wave dispersion) was similar, the mean value was higher in migraine subjects. P WD was positively correlated with P max (P < 0.01). Attacks number per month and male gender were the factors related to the P WD (P < 0.01). Conclusions. Many previous studies suggested that increased sympathetic activity may cause an increase in P WD. We found that P WD of migraine patients was higher than controls, and P WD was related to attacks number per month and male gender. Further studies are needed to explain the chronic effects of migraine

Changes in substrate utilization rates during 40 min of walking within the Fatmax range

Background and aims The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in fat oxidation rate during 40 min of continuous exercise and identify the intensity at the highest fat oxidation rate (Fatmax). Methods A total of 14 sedentary males with age, body height, weight, and BMI averages of 29.3 ± 0.7 years, 178.3 ± 1.7 cm, 81.1 ± 3.9 kg, and 25.4 ± 0.9 kg/m2, respectively, were included in the study. Fatmax was determined using an indirect calorimeter with an incremental treadmill walking test at least after 12 h of fasting. On a separate day, at least after 12 h of fasting, the participants walked for 40 min within their predetermined individual Fatmax heart rate and speed ranges. Results The initial fat oxidation rate was not sustained within the first 16 min of exercise and was reduced; however, carbohydrate oxidation reached a stable level after nearly 10 min. Conclusions In sedentary individuals, during low-intensity physical activity, fat oxidation rates may not be sustainable as expected from Fatmax testing. Therefore, when exercise is prescribed, one should consider that the fat oxidation rate might decrease in sedentary overweight individuals

Joint Asynchronous Congestion Control and Distributed Scheduling for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

Abstract — We consider a multi-hop wireless network shared by many users. For an interference model that only constrains a node to either transmit or receive at a time, but not both, we propose an architecture for fair resource allocation that consists of a distributed scheduling algorithm operating in conjunction with an asynchronous congestion control algorithm. We show that the proposed joint congestion control and scheduling algorithm supports at least one-third of the throughput supportable by any other algorithm, including centralized algorithms. I

Changes in substrate utilization rates during 40 min of walking within the Fatmax range

PubMedID: 31560234BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in fat oxidation rate during 40 min of continuous exercise and identify the intensity at the highest fat oxidation rate (Fatmax). METHODS: A total of 14 sedentary males with age, body height, weight, and BMI averages of 29.3?±?0.7 years, 178.3?±?1.7 cm, 81.1?±?3.9 kg, and 25.4?±?0.9 kg/m2, respectively, were included in the study. Fatmax was determined using an indirect calorimeter with an incremental treadmill walking test at least after 12 h of fasting. On a separate day, at least after 12 h of fasting, the participants walked for 40 min within their predetermined individual Fatmax heart rate and speed ranges. RESULTS: The initial fat oxidation rate was not sustained within the first 16 min of exercise and was reduced; however, carbohydrate oxidation reached a stable level after nearly 10 min. CONCLUSIONS: In sedentary individuals, during low-intensity physical activity, fat oxidation rates may not be sustainable as expected from Fatmax testing. Therefore, when exercise is prescribed, one should consider that the fat oxidation rate might decrease in sedentary overweight individuals

A comparison of the maximal fat oxidation rates of three different time periods in the Fatmax stage

PubMedID: 30787650This study aimed to compare the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rates obtained from the stage average, last 2 min average, and highest value in the Fatmax stage determined with a 6 min step protocol. A total of 35 overweight, sedentary healthy men (age: 25.4 ± 0.7 years, body mass index: 26.0 ± 0.6 kg/m 2 ) participated in the study. Substrate oxidation was calculated using breath-bybreath gas exchange data for each stage. When the change in the fat oxidation rate for every min throughout the Fatmax stage was evaluated, the average value of the 4th min was significantly lower than that of the 2 nd and 3 rd min (p &lt; 0.01). In addition, the 5th and 6th min fat oxidation rates were significantly lower than the rates of the 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4th min (0.30 ± 0.01 and 0.29 ± 0.01 g/min for the 5 th and 6 th min, respectively, vs. 0.35 ± 0.02, 0.34 ± 0.02, 0.33 ± 0.02, and 0.31 ± 0.01 g/min for the 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th min, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Most of the participants had MFO rates in the 1 st min of the stage (16/35 participants), and the MFO rates of the remaining participants were observed in the 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th min (7/35, 4/35, and 8/35 participants, respectively). None of the participants had MFO rates in the 5 th or 6 th min. The individual MFO rate (highest fat oxidation rate during Fatmax) was significantly higher than the fat oxidation rate calculated with the last 2 min average values (0.36 ± 0.02 and 0.30 ± 0.01 g/min, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the calculation of the fat oxidation rate by averaging the last portion of the Fatmax stage data may cause the underestimation of the MFO rate, which probably occurs earlier in the Fatmax stage. © Journal of Sports Science and Medicine

Real-world efficacy and safety data of immune checkpoint inhibitors in Turkish patients with metastatic melanoma: A Turkish oncology group study

[No Abstract Available