Rose Bengal sensitized bilayered photoanode of nano-crystalline TiO–CeO for dye-sensitized solar cell application

There are two traditional ways to read Kant’s claim that every event necessarily has a cause: the weaker every-event some-cause (WCP) and the stronger same-cause same-effect (SCP) causal principles. The debate on whether and where he subscribes to the SCP has focused on the Analogies in the Critique of Pure Reason (Guyer, Allison, and Watkins) and on the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science (Friedman). By analysing the arguments and conclusions of both the Analogies and the Postulates, as well as the two Latin principles non datur casus and non datur fatum that summarise their results, I will argue that the SCP is actually demonstrated in the Postulates section of the First Critique

Synthesis, characterization, and optical properties of visible light-driven Bi2S3 nanorod photocatalysts

We report a simple and large-scale one-pot method for the synthesis of Bi2S3 nanorods by using the complexation of Bi(NO3)3??5H2O and Na2S??9H2O precursors. The as-synthesized photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis measurements. The photocatalytic performance of the Bi2S3 nanorods was evaluated for the photodegradation of phenol red under visible light irradiation. The orthorhombic Bi2S3 photocatalyst exhibited a 99% photocatalytic efficiency at 100 min under visible light irradiation, which is ascribed to the high specific surface area and crystallinity. The active sites on the Bi2S3 photocatalyst diminished the unwanted recombination of charge carriers within the photocatalyst

ZrO2/MoS2 Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange

We report a simple solution-chemistry approach for the synthesis of ZrO2/MoS2 hybrid photocatalysts, which contain MoS2 as a cocatalyst. The material is usually obtained by a wet chemical method using ZrO(NO3)(2) or (NH4)(6)Mo7O24 center dot 4H(2)O and C8H6S as precursors. The structural features of obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermal analysis (TG-DTA), N-2 adsorption-desorption, and photoluminescence (PL). The influence on the photocatalytic activity of the MoS2 cocatalyst concentration with ZrO2 nanoparticles was studied. The MZr-2 hybrid sample had the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange (MO), which was 8.45 times higher than that of pristine ZrO2 ascribed to high specific surface area and absorbance efficiency. Recycling experiments revealed that the reusability of the MZr-2 hybrid was due to the low photocorrosive effect and good catalytic stability. PL spectra confirmed the electronic interaction between ZrO2 and MoS2. The photoinduced electrons could be easily transferred from CB of ZrO2 to the MoS2 cocatalyst, which facilitate effective charge separation and enhanced the photocatalytic degradation in the UV region. A photocatalytic mechanism is proposed. It is believed that the ZrO2/MoS2 hybrid structure has promise as a photocatalyst with low cost and high efficiency for photoreactions.ope