An integrated nonlinear optical loop mirror in silicon photonics for all-optical signal processing

The nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) has been studied for several decades and has attracted considerable attention for applications in high data rate optical communications and all-optical signal processing. The majority of NOLM research has focused on silica fiber-based implementations. While various fiber designs have been considered to increase the nonlinearity and manage dispersion, several meters to hundreds of meters of fiber are still required. On the other hand, there is increasing interest in developing photonic integrated circuits for realizing signal processing functions. In this paper, we realize the first-ever passive integrated NOLM in silicon photonics and demonstrate its application for all-optical signal processing. In particular, we show wavelength conversion of 10 Gb/s RZ-OOK signals over a wavelength range of 30 nm with error-free operation and a power penalty of less than 2.5 dB, we achieve error-free NRZ-to-RZ modulation format conversion at 10 Gb/s also with a power penalty of less than 2.8 dB, and we obtain error-free all-optical time-division demultiplexing of a 40 Gb/s RZ-OOK data signal into its 10 Gb/s tributary channels with a maximum power penalty of 3.5 dB

Polarization-independent mode-evolution-based coupler for the silicon-on-insulator platform

We demonstrate a polarization-independent mode-evolution-based coupler for the silicon-on-insulator platform. The measured coupler has negligible insertion loss over a bandwidth of about 100 nm, i.e., from 1500 to 1600 nm. The measured maximum power imbalances for the polarization-independent coupler are 1.2 and 0.2 dB for the fundamental transverse electric (TE00) mode and the fundamental transverse magnetic (TM00) mode, respectively. Our coupler also has a compact design footprint with mode-evolution region not more than 75−μm long

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Assisted Oocyte Activation Method (Ca ACTIVATION) Improves Fertilization in Patients with Recurrent Fertilization Failure

Abstract: Total fertilization failure (TFF) happens in 1–3% of total intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles and may reoccur in sequent cycles. Regardless the high success rate with the applying of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), there's still a little number of couples who cannot get fertilized eggs after using ICSI. Six couples experiencing recurrent TFF or low fertilization rate (<10%) after ICSI were recorded in this study. Compared with the regular ICSI group and the conventional ICSI-AOA group, the new AOA method using calcium ionophore, can seriously increase the fertilization rate from less than 10% up to approximately 50% in most cases. The normal distribution of sperm-related oocyte activation factor phospholipase C zeta (PLCz1) in the sperms of the cases indicated the absence of an aberrant Ca signaling activation. AOA method using calcium (Calcium ionophore A23187) was able to effectively improve the fertilization rate in the majority of patients suffering from TFF. This AOA method had a potential therapeutic effect on those couples experiencing TFF, even after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), which may overcome the severe fertilization deficiencies in patients with a repeated low fertilization or TFF. Keywords: total fertilization failure, Calcium ionophore A23187, fertilization, assisted oocyte activation. Title: Assisted Oocyte Activation Method (Ca ACTIVATION) Improves Fertilization in Patients with Recurrent Fertilization Failure Author: Ayman S. El-Dorghamy, Bahgat A. El-Fiky, Mohammed H. Sayed Ahmad International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022 Page No: 251-257 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 30-August-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7034452 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/assisted-oocyte-activation-method-ca-activation-improves-fertilization-in-patients-with-recurrent-fertilization-failureInternational Journal of Healthcare Sciences, ISSN 2348-5728 (Online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co

Validation of recently released GOCE-based satellite-only global geopotential models over the Red Sea using shipborne gravity data

The gravity fi eld and steady-state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE) satellite, successfully concluded its mission in October 2013 after collecting unprecedented gravity gradient measurements. Such GOCE data made it possible to improve the determination of the geoid over the Red Sea region. The performance of GOCE-based satellite-only global geopotential models (GGMs), at the end of its mission, is evaluated via spectral analysis and by using shipborne free-air gravity anomalies collected over the study area, namely the Red Sea. Eight of the most recent GOCE-based satelliteonly GGMs, namely the DIR_R5, ITU_GGC16_2, SPW_R5, TIM_R5, NULP_02S, IfE_GOCE05s, IGGT_R1, and GGM05G, are validated. Firstly, the spectral analysis of these GGMs was performed. The DIR_R5 model showed a superior behaviour, in all terms, in comparison to all the investigated GGMs. Then, the GGMs were evaluated, from spherical harmonics degree/order (d/o) ranging from 100 to their maximum d/o, with respect to the shipborne gravity data after applying the spectral enhancement method, to overcome the existing spectral gap. All the studied GGMs closely calculated the full power of gravity anomaly at a spherical harmonic d/o equivalent to 160. Regardless of the cross-comparable results obtained by the DIR_R5, TIM_R5, SPW_ R5, ITU_GGC16_2, and IfE_GOCE05s, whose standard deviation (STD) values of the differences with respect to shipborne data range from 9.90 and 9.93 mGal, the SPW_ R5 model produced the best results with discrepancies characterised with a minimum, maximum, mean, and STD of -56.26, 131.29, 2.07, and 9.90 mGal, respectively.Published267-2842TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostaleJCR Journa