Perinatal Outcome and Change in Body Mass Index in Mothers of Dichorionic Twins: a Longitudinal Cohort Study

We used a prospective cohort to analyze the effect of change in BMI rather than change in weight, in mothers carrying dichorionic twins from a population that did not receive any dietary intervention. A total of 269 mothers (150 nulliparas and 119 multiparas) were evaluated. The average change (%) from the pre-gravid BMI was 7.2+/-6.1, 17.4+/-8.2, and 28.7+/-10.8, at 12-14, 22-25, and 30-34 weeks, respectively, without difference between nulliparas and multiparas. The comparison between maternities below or above the average change from the pregravid BMI failed to demonstrate an advantage (in terms of total twin birthweight and gestational age) of an above average change from the pregravid BMI, even when the lower versus upper quartiles were compared. Our observations reached different conclusions regarding the recommended universal dietary intervention in twin gestations. A cautious approach is advocated towards seemingly harmless excess weight gain, as normal weight women may turn overweight, or even obese, by the end of pregnancy, and be exposed to the untoward effects of obesity on future health and body image

Caracterização do perfil patogênico de isolados de Podosphaera xanthii obtidos em cucurbitáceas na região Nordeste do Brasil.

O agente causal do oídio das cucurbitáceas, Podosphaera xanthii apresenta especificidade fisiológica em melão. No Brasil, a raça tem sido a predominante. No presente trabalho, 31 isolados de melão, melancia e abóbora foram coletados no Nordeste do Brasil. Estes foram avaliados quanto à virulência e especificidade por hospedeiro numa série de cultivares de melão diferenciadoras de raças, uma cultivar de abóbora, uma de pepino e duas de melancia. Foram identificadas quatro raças conhecidas (1, 2, 3 e 4) e duas outras variantes ainda não descritas na literatura. Este é o primeiro registro da presença das raças 3 e 4 noBrasil. A existência de grande diversidade de raças praticamente inviabiliza os programas de melhoramento visando a incorporação de resistência do tipo raça-específica. Os seis isolados obtidos de melancia mostraram-se específicos, sendo capazes de infectar apenas as duas cultivares desta espécie, indicando uma aparente especialização por hospedeira.Suplemento. Edição dos resumos expandidos do 45. Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura; 15. Congresso Brasileiro de Floricultura e Plantas Ornamentais; 2. Congresso Brasileiro de Cultura de Tecidos de Plantas, Fortaleza, ago. 2005. 1 CD-ROM

Impact of brewery wastewater inhibitors in pure and mixed cultures of the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921 and the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus ACOI 204/07

ABSTRACT: Brewery wastewater (BWW) is an appealing low-cost substrate for the production of single cell oils by oleaginous microorganisms. However, it may contain inhibitor compounds that may affect the microbial metabolism. This work investigated, for the first time, the presence of potential inhibitor compounds in primary brewery wastewater (PBWW) and secondary brewery wastewater (SBWW) for the pure and mixed cultivation of the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921 and the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus ACOI 204/07. Three organic acids (OrgAc) were identified in the brewery effluents (acetic, propionic and butyric acids). Yeast and microalga pure and mixed cultivations were performed in PBWW and SBWW in order to understand the behaviour of the microorganisms, individually and together. Flow cytometry (FC) was used to monitor each microbial population during the mixed cultivations, and to study the yeast and microalga cell viability throughout all cultivations. The yeast cells in pure cultures grown in both effluents were severely affected by the OrgAc presence confirmed by the cell stress results obtained by FC. However, in the mixed cultures, the yeast cells were able to develop, and the levels of stress conditions were considerably lower. Only in microalga pure and mixed cultures efficient OrgAc removal was observed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of brewery effluent inhibitors on Rhodotorula toruloides NCYC 921 cells grown in pure and mixed cultures at pH 4 and 6

ABSTRACT: The presence of inhibitor compounds in the culture medium can cause severe effects on the microorganisms cells. Brewery wastewaters present organic acids (acetic, propionic and butyric acids) which can severely affect yeast cells metabolism, when grown in pure cultures, although in mixed cultures they are able to develop. To understand the physiological changes on Rhodotorula toruloides (formerly Rhodosporidium toruloides) cells when fermenting in the presence of the organic acids present in brewery wastewater, pure and mixed cultures with the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus were performed in a synthetic medium containing the same organic acids concentrations that are present in brewery wastewater at pH 4 and 6. It was concluded that, at pH 4, the organic acids effects in the yeast cells were much more toxic than at pH 6. Moreover, mixed cultures can be an advantage over heterotrophic pure cultures as the microalga is able to contribute for the consumption of potential inhibitors for the yeast.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A caracterização da investigação em fiscalidade

Este trabalho consiste na análise aos estudos empíricos publicados no Journal of the American Taxation Association e National Tax Journal, durante os anos 2004, 2009 e 2014, tendo sido definido como objetivo principal a caracterização da investigação em fiscalidade, mais concretamente analisar um conjunto de características inerentes aos investigadores e ao conteúdo dos artigos publicados nessas revistas. A investigação adota a metodologia de revisão dos estudos empíricos. Desta forma, foram identificadas e analisadas as seguintes variáveis: ano de publicação, autor, instituição e continente de afiliação dos autores, tipo de autoria, contribuição dos autores, temáticas mais investigadas e método de recolha de dados dos artigos. Os resultados apresentados confirmam que a área de estudo mais pesquisada é a dos incentivos fiscais, sendo utilizado mais frequentemente as bases de dados como recolha de informação. Em termos de autoria, conclui-se que os investigadores optam por trabalhar em conjunto, tendo a maioria optado por cooperar com apenas mais um investigador. Concluiu-se ainda que a maior parte dos investigadores são do continente Americano com uma maior presença da América do Norte.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of age-related cognitive deficits on EEG phase coherence

Body and brain undergo several changes with aging. One of these changes is the loss of neuroplasticity, which leads to the decrease of cognitive abilities. Hence the necessity of stopping or reversing these changes is of utmost importance to contemporary society. In the present work, electroencephalogram (EEG) markers of cognitive decline are sought whilst the subjects perform the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Considering the expected age-related cognitive deficits, WCST was applied to young and elder participants. The results suggest that coherence on theta and alpha EEG rhythms decrease with aging and increase with performance. Additionally, theta phase coherence seems more sensitive to performance, while alpha synchronization appears as a potential ageing markerFCT-Foundation for Science and Technology and Compete Program with the project reference FCOMP-01-0124-FED ER-021145 (PTDC/SAU-ENB/118383/2010

Rhodosporidium toruloides and Tetradesmus obliquus populations dynamics in symbiotic cultures, developed in brewery wastewater, for lipid production

In this work, primary brewery wastewater (PBWW) and secondary brewery wastewater (SBWW) separately, or mixed at the ratios of 1:1 (PBWW:SBWW) and 1:7 (PBWW:SBWW), with or without supplementation with sugarcane molasses (SCM), were used as culture media for lipid production by a mixed culture of the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921 and the microalgae Tetradesmus obliquus (ACOI 204/07). Flow cytometry was used to understand the dynamics of the two micro-organisms during the mixed cultures evolution, as well as to evaluate the physiological states of each microorganism, in order to assess the impact of the different brewery effluent media composition on the microbial consortium performance. Both brewery wastewaters (primary and secondary) without supplementation did not allow R. toruloides heterotrophic growth. Nevertheless, all brewery wastewater media, with and without SCM supplementation, allowed the microalgae growth, although the yeast was the dominant population. The maximum total biomass concentration of 2.17 g L-1 was achieved in the PBWW mixed cultivation with 10 g L-1 of SCM. The maximum lipid content (14.86% (w/w DCW)) was obtained for the mixed culture developed on SBWW supplemented with 10 g L-1 of SCM. This work demonstrated the potential of using brewery wastewater supplemented with SCM as a low-cost culture medium to grow R. toruloides and T. obliquus in a mixed culture for brewery wastewater treatment with concomitant lipid production.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio