Immunogenicity of Hydrolysate Formulas in Children (Part 1). Review of 202 Reactions

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Unified Angular Momentum of Dyons

Unified quaternionic angular momentum for the fields of dyons and gravito-dyons has been developed and the commutation relations for dynamical variables are obtained in compact and consistent manner. Demonstrating the quaternion forms of unified fields of dyons (electromagnetic fields) and gravito-dyons (gravito-Heavisidian fields of linear gravity), corresponding quantum equations are reformulated in compact, simpler and manifestly covariant way

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with scoliosis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Study Design</p> <p>Case report.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The authors present the case of a 14-year-old boy with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) presenting scoliosis.</p> <p>Summary of Background Data</p> <p>There have been no reports on surgery for RSTS presenting scoliosis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The patient was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a progressive spinal curvature. A standing anteroposterior spine radiograph at presentation to our hospital revealed an 84-degree right thoracic curve from T6 to T12, along with a 63-degree left lumbar compensatory curve from T12 to L4. We planned a two-staged surgery and decided to fuse from T4 to L4. The first operation was front-back surgery because of the rigidity of the right thoracic curve. The second operation of lumbar anterior discectomy and fusion was arranged 9 months after the first surgery to prevent the crankshaft phenomenon due to his natural course of adolescent growth. To avoid respiratory complications, the patient was put on a respirator in the ICU for several days after both surgeries.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Full-length spine radiographs after the first surgery revealed no instrumentation failure and showed that the right thoracic curve was corrected to 31 degrees and the left lumbar curve was corrected to 34 degrees. No postoperative complications occurred after both surgeries.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We succeeded in treating the patient without complications. Full-length spine standing radiographs at one year after the second operation demonstrated a stable bony arthrodesis with no loss of initial correction.</p

Association of IL-4RA single nucleotide polymorphisms, HLA-DR and HLA-DQ in children with Alternaria-sensitive moderate-severe asthma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Asthma afflicts 6% to 8% of the United States population, and severe asthma represents approximately 10% of asthmatic patients. Several epidemiologic studies in the United States and Europe have linked <it>Alternaria </it>sensitivity to both persistence and severity of asthma. In order to begin to understand genetic risk factors underlying <it>Alternaria </it>sensitivity and asthma, in these studies we examined T cell responses to <it>Alternaria </it>antigens, HLA Class II restriction and HLA-DQ protection in children with severe asthma.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sixty children with <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthma were compared to 49 children with <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive mild asthma. We examined HLA-DR and HLA-DQ frequencies in <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive asthmatic by HLA typing. To determine ratios of Th1/Th2 <it>Alternaria</it>-specific T-cells, cultures were stimulated in media alone, <it>Alternaria alternata </it>extract and Alt a1. Sensitivity to IL-4 stimulation was measured by up-regulation of CD23 on B cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Children with <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthma trended to have increased sensitivities to <it>Cladosporium </it>(46% versus 35%), to <it>Aspergillus </it>(43% versus 28%), and significantly increased sensitivities to trees (78% versus 57%) and to weeds (68% versus 48%). The IL-4RA ile75val polymorphism was significantly increased in <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthmatics, 83% (0.627 allele frequency) compared to <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive mild asthmatics, 57% (0.388 allele frequency). This was associated with increased sensitivity to IL-4 stimulation measured by significantly increased IL-4 stimulated CD23 expression on CD19+ and CD86+CD19+ B cells of <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthmatics. IL-5 and IL-13 synthesis was significantly increased in <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthmatics compared to mild asthmatics to <it>Alternaria </it>extract and Alt a1 stimulation. The frequency of HLA-DQB1*03 allele was significantly decreased in <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate-severe asthmatics compared to mild asthmatics, 39% versus 63%, with significantly decreased allele frequency, 0.220 versus 0.398.</p> <p>Summary</p> <p>In children with <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate severe asthma, there was an increased Th2 response to <it>Alternaria </it>stimulation and increased sensitivity to IL-4 stimulation. This skewing towards a Th2 response was associated with an increased frequency of the IL-4RA ile75val polymorphism. In evaluating the HLA association, there was a decreased frequency of HLA-DQB1*03 in <it>Alternaria</it>-sensitive moderate severe asthmatic children consistent with previous studies suggest that HLA-DQB1*03 may be protective against the development of mold-sensitive severe asthma.</p

Bacillus cereus Spores Release Alanine that Synergizes with Inosine to Promote Germination

spores germinate in the presence of a single germinant, inosine, yet with a significant lag period. spores. spores appear to have developed a unique quorum-sensing feedback mechanism to monitor spore density and to coordinate germination

Work-related allergy in medical doctors: atopy, exposure to domestic animals, eczema induced by common chemicals and membership of the surgical profession as potential risk factors

Purpose To investigate the risk factors associated with work-related allergy-like symptoms in medical doctors. Methods Self-administered questionnaire survey and CAP test were conducted among medical school students in the 4th grade of their 6-year medical course in 1993–1996 and 1999–2001. Follow-up questionnaires were sent in 2004 to the graduates. These questionnaires enquired into personal and family history of allergic diseases, lifestyle, history of allergy-like symptoms including work-relatedness and occupational history as medical doctors. Relationships between allergy-like symptoms and relevant factors were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Of 261 respondents at the follow-up survey, 139 (53.3%) and 54 (20.7%) had a history of any allergy-like symptoms and any work-related allergy-like symptoms, respectively. Female gender and family history of allergic diseases were signiWcantly associated with any allergy-like symptoms. Personal history of allergic disease, exposure to domestic animals, eczema caused by rubber gloves, metallic accessories, or cosmetics during schooling days, and membership of the surgical profession were signiW- cant risk factors for work-related allergy-like symptoms. On the contrary, to work-related allergy-like symptoms, gender, age, and smoking status were not signiWcantly related, and consumption of prepared foods was inversely related. Conclusions Personal history of atopy and eczema induced by common goods and the history of keeping domestic animals may be predictors of work-related allergy-like symptoms in doctors. After graduation from medical school, physicians start with exposure to various allergens and irritants at work, which relate to work-related allergy-like symptoms, especially for surgeons

Cutaneous lesions of the nose

Skin diseases on the nose are seen in a variety of medical disciplines. Dermatologists, otorhinolaryngologists, general practitioners and general plastic and dermatologic surgeons are regularly consulted regarding cutaneous lesions on the nose. This article is the second part of a review series dealing with cutaneous lesions on the head and face, which are frequently seen in daily practice by a dermatologic surgeon. In this review, we focus on those skin diseases on the nose where surgery or laser therapy is considered a possible treatment option or that can be surgically evaluated

Brain size regulations by cbp haploinsufficiency evaluated by in-vivo MRI based volumetry

The Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS) is a congenital disease that affects brain development causing severe cognitive deficits. In most cases the disease is associated with dominant mutations in the gene encoding the CREB binding protein (CBP). In this work, we present the first quantitative analysis of brain abnormalities in a mouse model of RSTS using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and two novel self-developed automated algorithms for image volumetric analysis. Our results quantitatively confirm key syndromic features observed in RSTS patients, such as reductions in brain size (-16.31%, p < 0.05), white matter volume (-16.00%, p < 0.05), and corpus callosum (-12.40%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, they provide new insight into the developmental origin of the disease. By comparing brain tissues in a region by region basis between cbp(+/-) and cbp(+/+) littermates, we found that cbp haploinsufficiency is specifically associated with significant reductions in prosencephalic tissue, such us in the olfactory bulb and neocortex, whereas regions evolved from the embryonic rhombencephalon were spared. Despite the large volume reductions, the proportion between gray-, white-matter and cerebrospinal fluid were conserved, suggesting a role of CBP in brain size regulation. The commonalities with holoprosencephaly and arhinencephaly conditions suggest the inclusion of RSTS in the family of neuronal migration disorders.We are grateful to Begona Fernandez for her excellent technical assistance. We would like to thank S. Sawiak (Wolfson Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom) for the mouse brain tissue probability maps and the SPMmouse plug-in, and to N. Kovacevic (Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) for the atlas of the mouse brain. Supported by grants from the Spanish MINECO to S.C. (BFU 2012-39958) and MINECO and FEDER to D.M. (TEC 2012-33778) and from MINECO (SAF2011-22855) and Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo/2012/005) to A.B. The Instituto de Neurociencias is "Centre of Excellence Severo Ochoa".Ateca Cabarga, JC.; Cosa, A.; Pallares, V.; Lopez-Atalaya, JP.; Barco, A.; Canals, S.; Moratal Pérez, D. (2015). Brain size regulations by cbp haploinsufficiency evaluated by in-vivo MRI based volumetry. Scientific Reports. 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16256S5Rubinstein, J. H. & Taybi, H. Broad thumbs and toes and facial abnormalities. A possible mental retardation syndrome. Am J Dis Child 105, 588–608 (1963).Van Belzen, M., Bartsch, O., Lacombe, D., Peters, D. J. & Hennekam, R. C. Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (CREBBP, EP300). Eur J Hum Genet. 19, preceeding 118–120 (2011).Hennekam, R. C. 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