Manufacturing, Testing and Recycling of a small recyclable wind turbine blade

[EN] Thermoplastic resins are likely to replace thermoset resins in wind blade manufacturing, as their similar structural properties together with their recyclability would enable the reuse of the raw materials in other composites at the end of life. This paper presents the manufacturing, testing and recycling process of a 1 m thermoplastic composite wind turbine blade compared to a similar thermoset blade. The results showed that the static and centrifugal performance of the two blades were similar, but the thermoplastic composite blade had a lower deflection compared to the epoxy blade. The different components of the thermoplastic blade were recovered by immersion in a suitable solvent for their possible reuse in the manufacture of a new wind turbine blade. Thus, this study provides an example of the use of circular economy principles in a strategic renewable sector, wind energy, validating the use of a new thermoplastic resin in the design and recycling of wind turbine blades, without changing their current manufacturing process.Carnicero, R.; Cano, L.; Lopez-Manchado, MA.; Verdejo, R. (2022). Manufacturing, Testing and Recycling of a small recyclable wind turbine blade. Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Online). 2265(3):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/0320131102265

Controller therapy for asthma: montelukast versus fluticasone

Introducción: El asma es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico de las vías aéreas. Esta inflamación genera un aumento asociado de la hiperreactividad de las vías aéreas a una variedad de estímulos y una limitación del flujo aéreo. El tratamiento controlador del asma tiene como objetivos lograr y mantener control de los síntomas, prevenir las exacerbaciones, mantener la función pulmonar lo mas cerca posible a la normalidad, evitar efectos adversos de la medicación, prevenir obstrucción irreversible de la vía aérea y disminuir la mortalidad. Los medicamentos utilizados para este fin son los antinflamatorios dentro de los cuales se incluyen los grupos de corticoesteroides, cromonas y antileucotrienos. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es indicar las evidencias encontradas sobre mayor efectividad en este cuadro clínico entre Fluticasona y Montelukast. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, en la cual se utilizo para la búsqueda de información las bases de datos PUBMED, MEDLINE y BIBLIOTECA VIRTUAL DE SALUD artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 5 años que comparan el tratamientote ambos fármacos. Conclusión: El fármaco más efectivo como monoterapia para el tratamiento controlador del asma en niños es la fluticasona frente al montelukast, por lo que esta es considerada la terapia de primera línea.Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. This inflammation is an associated increase in Nonspecific hyperresponsiveness airway to a variety of stimuli and airflow limitation. The asthma controller therapy aims to achieve and maintain control of symptoms, prevent exacerbations, maintaining lung function as close as possible to normal, avoid adverse effects of medication, prevent irreversible obstruction of the airway and reduce mortality . Medicines used for this purpose are the anti-inflammatory within which groups include corticosteroids, chromones and leukotriene. Objective: Fluticasone (inhaled corticosteroid) and montelukast (antileukotriene) are commonly used drugs for the treatment of pediatric asthma controller so that the objective of this review is to summarize the evidence on which of the two showed greater effectiveness in the treatment. Methods: A literature review, which was used to search for information databases PUBMED, MEDLINE and HEALTH LIBRARY scientific articles published over the past 5 years, comparing treatment with fluticasone and montelukast. Conclusion: The most effective drug as monotherapy for asthma controller therapy in children is fluticasone compared with montelukast, so this is considered first-line therapy.Fil: Acevedo, Maria E..Fil: Cano, Alejandra A..Fil: Lopez, Vanina A..Fil: Viola, Luciana S..Fil: Gerometta, Rosana María del Rosario. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Evaluation of patient visual comfort and repeatability of refractive values in non-presbyopic healthy eyes

•AIM: To evaluate the intra-operator repeatability in healthy subjects using the WAM-5500 auto-kerato/refractometer and the iTrace aberrometer, to compare the refractive values and the subjective refraction obtained with both devices and to determine which of these three spherocylindrical corrections allows the subject to achieve the best visual comfort. •METHODS: Forty-two non-presbyopic healthy eyes of 42 subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Refractive values were compared, evaluating the repeatability, the relationship between the methods and the best visual comfort obtained. •RESULTS: Sphere, cylinder and axis results showed good intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC); the highest ICC was obtained using the spherical refraction with the autorefractometer and the aberrometer, achieving levels of 0.999 and 0.998, respectively. The power vector (PV) was calculated for each refraction method, and the results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between them (P>0.05). Direct comparison of PV measurements using the three methods showed that aberrometer refraction gave the highest values, followed by the subjective values; the autorefractometer gave the lowest values. The subjective method correction was most frequently chosen as the first selection. Equal values were found for the autorefractometer and the aberrometer as the second selection. •CONCLUSION: The iTrace aberrometer and the WAM-5500 auto-kerato/refractometer showed high levels of repeatability in healthy eyes. Refractive corrections with the aberrometer, the autorefractometer and subjective methods presented similar results, but spherocylindrical subjective correction was the most frequently selected option. These technologies can be used as complements in refractive evaluation, but they should not replace subjective refraction

Forward Symplectic Integrators and the Long Time Phase Error in Periodic Motions

We show that when time-reversible symplectic algorithms are used to solve periodic motions, the energy error after one period is generally two orders higher than that of the algorithm. By use of correctable algorithms, we show that the phase error can also be eliminated two orders higher than that of the integrator. The use of fourth order forward time step integrators can result in sixth order accuracy for the phase error and eighth accuracy in the periodic energy. We study the 1-D harmonic oscillator and the 2-D Kepler problem in great details, and compare the effectiveness of some recent fourth order algorithms.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E, 29 Page

Integrated phased array transducer for on-board structural health monitoring

Permanently bonded onto a structure, an integrated Phased Array (PhA II) transducer that can provide reliable electromechanical connection with corresponding sophisticated miniaturized ?all in one? SHM electronic device installed directly above it, without need for any interface cabling, during all aerospace structure lifecycle phases and for a huge variety of real harsh service environments of structures to be monitored is presented. This integrated PhA II transducer [1], as a key component of the PAMELA SHM? (Phased Array Monitoring for Enhanced Life Assessment) system, has two principal tasks at the same time, reliably transceive elastic waves in real aerospace service environments and serves as a reliable sole carrier or support for associated integrated on-board SHM electronic device attached above. The PhA II transducer successfully accomplished both required task throughout extensive test campaigns which included low to high temperature tests, temperature cycling, mechanical loading, combined thermo- mechanical loading and vibration resistance, etc. both with and without SHM device attached above due to RTCA DO-160F

Processing and adsorption control in ZnO single nanowire photodetectors

ZnO single nanowire photodetectors have been measured in different ambient conditions in order to understand and control adsorption processes on the surface. A decrease in the conductivity has been observed as a function of time when the nanowires are exposed to air, due to adsorbed O2/H2O species at the nanowire surface. In order to have a device with stable characteristics in time, thermal desorption has been used to recover the original conductivity followed by PMMA coating of the exposed nanowire surface

Structural health monitoring network system with wireless communications inside closed aerospace structures

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) requires integrated "all in one" electronic devices capable of performing analysis of structural integrity and on-board damage detection in aircraft?s structures. PAMELA III (Phased Array Monitoring for Enhanced Life Assessment, version III) SHM embedded system is an example of this device type. This equipment is capable of generating excitation signals to be applied to an array of integrated piezoelectric Phased Array (PhA) transducers stuck to aircraft structure, acquiring the response signals, and carrying out the advanced signal processing to obtain SHM maps. PAMELA III is connected with a host computer in order to receive the configuration parameters and sending the obtained SHM maps, alarms and so on. This host can communicate with PAMELA III through an Ethernet interface. To avoid the use of wires where necessary, it is possible to add Wi-Fi capabilities to PAMELA III, connecting a Wi-Fi node working as a bridge, and to establish a wireless communication between PAMELA III and the host. However, in a real aircraft scenario, several PAMELA III devices must work together inside closed structures. In this situation, it is not possible for all PAMELA III devices to establish a wireless communication directly with the host, due to the signal attenuation caused by the different obstacles of the aircraft structure. To provide communication among all PAMELA III devices and the host, a wireless mesh network (WMN) system has been implemented inside a closed aluminum wingbox. In a WMN, as long as a node is connected to at least one other node, it will have full connectivity to the entire network because each mesh node forwards packets to other nodes in the network as required. Mesh protocols automatically determine the best route through the network and can dynamically reconfigure the network if a link drops out. The advantages and disadvantages on the use of a wireless mesh network system inside closed aerospace structures are discussed

Caracterización clínico-patológica, genotipificación viral y heterogeneidad genética como determinantes de riesgo en COVID-19: Diseño del estudio y hallazgos iniciales: Clinical-pathological characterization, viral genotipification and genetic heterogeneity as risk determinants in COVID-19: Study design and initial findings

Introduction: The objective of the study is to describe the clinical, pathological, virological and genetic characteristics ofthe immune response of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and its relationship with the unfavorable courseof the disease. Methods: Descriptive, relational, longitudinal and retrospective study based on the review of medicalrecords, taking post-mortem tru-cut biopsies of the lung and liver, taking blood samples and naso-oropharyngeal swabor endotracheal tube aspirate. In the first phase, the biopsies will be processed and studied with conventional andimmunohistochemical histology in the Pathological Anatomy service of the Carlos Seguín Escobedo National Hospitalin Arequipa, Peru. Results: Advanced mean age, male sex, and the presence of comorbidities were predominant indeceased patients. Lung biopsies showed predominantly the exudative and partially proliferative phases of diffuseand focal alveolar damage, associated primarily with intraalveolar macrophage hyperplasia with accumulation withinthe alveolar space-resembling desquamative pneumonia, as well as atypical binucleated intraalveolar pneumocytes,with eosinophilic nucleoli (similar to virocytes) in some cases. In the vast majority of cases, intravascular fibrin depositsassociated with the accumulation of inflammatory cells composed of neutrophils and monocytes, representingmicrothrombosis, were observed. Liver biopsies showed predominantly macrovesicular steatosis and in twocases microvesicular steatosis was observed. Additionally, varying degrees of necrosis and mild portal and lobularinflammation were observed. Conclusion: The clinical and pathological findings in this first report are consistent withprevious publications and confirm the pattern of diffuse alveolar damage associated with aggregates of intraalveolarmacrophages and microthrombosis; confirms in addition, macro and microvesicular hepatocytic steatosis, togetherwith variable degrees of necrosis.Introducción: El objetivo del estudio es describir las características clínicas, patológicas, virológicas y genéticas de larespuesta inmune de los pacientes diagnosticados con infección por SARS-CoV-2 y su relación con el curso desfavorablede la enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, relacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo basado en la revisión dehistorias clínicas, toma de biopsias tru-cut post-mortem de pulmón e hígado, toma de muestras de sangre e hisopadonaso-orofaríngeo o de aspirado del tubo endotraqueal. En la primera fase las biopsias serán procesadas y estudiadascon histología convencional e inmunohistoquímica en el servicio de Anatomía Patológica del hospital NacionalCarlos Seguín Escobedo de Arequipa, Perú. Resultados: La edad media avanzada, el sexo masculino y la presencia decomorbilidades fue predominante en los pacientes fallecidos. Las biopsias pulmonares mostraron predominantementelas fases exudativa y parcialmente proliferativa del daño alveolar difuso y focal, asociada principalmente a unahiperplasia de macrófagos intraalveolares con acumulación dentro del espacio alveolar, semejando una neumoníadescamativa, así como neumocitos intraalveolares binucleados y atípicos, con nucléolos eosinofílicos (semejante avirocitos) en algunos casos. En la gran mayoría de casos se observaron depósitos de fibrina intravascular asociadaal acúmulo de células inflamatorias compuestas por neutrófilos y monocitos, representando microtrombosis. Lasbiopsias de hígado mostraron esteatosis predominantemente macrovesicular y en dos casos se observó esteatosismicrovesicular. Adicionalmente, se observaron diversos grados de necrosis e inflamación portal y lobular. Conclusión:Los hallazgos clínicos y patológicos en este primer reporte son consistentes con publicaciones previas y confirmanel patrón de daño alveolar difuso asociado a agregados de macrofagos intraalveolares y microtrombosis; ademasesteatosis macro y microvesicular hepatocitica, junto a grados variables de necrosis