Knöchelosteotomie - Die Osteotomie als Zugang

Zusammenfassung: Bei der Behandlung osteochondraler Läsionen am oberen Sprunggelenk stehen sowohl arthroskopische als auch offene Therapieverfahren zur Verfügung. Die Osteotomien rund um das obere Sprunggelenk haben sich als Zugangserweiterung bei der Behandlung weiter posterior gelegener osteochondraler Läsionen fest etabliert. Bei den relativ häufig anzutreffenden osteochondralen Läsionen im Bereich der medialen Talusschulter wird die mediale, schräge, monoplanare Knöchelosteotomie durchgeführt. Bei den weniger häufigen posterolateralen osteochondralen Läsionen kann die distale Fibulaosteotomie erfolgen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Indikationen für einzelne Osteotomieverfahren diskutiert und deren chirurgische Techniken beschriebe

Solución numérica del problema de transmisión de calor con cambio de fase

Este trabajo resume el estado del arte de la solución numérica de los problemas de transmisión de calor con cambio de fase. Su objetivo consiste en presentar algoritmos en función de su capacidad de encarar problemas ingenieriles, dejando de lado los aspectos teóricos referidos a la convergencia de la solución numérica a-la solución matemática clásica del problema. Se detallan las ventajas y desventajas de los diferentes esquemas para que se pueda efectuar la selección del método más conveniente para un problema determinado. Asimismo se indican cuáles son las tendencias de investigación actuales y las posibilidades futuras en el área. Se incluye una serie de ejemplos numéricos para remarcar los aspectos destacables de los métodos tratados en el trabajo.Peer Reviewe

Population size impacts host-pathogen coevolution

Ongoing host–pathogen interactions are characterized by rapid coevolutionary changes forcing species to continuously adapt to each other. The interacting species are often defined by finite population sizes. In theory, finite population size limits genetic diversity and compromises the efficiency of selection owing to genetic drift, in turn constraining any rapid coevolutionary responses. To date, however, experimental evidence for such constraints is scarce. The aim of our study was to assess to what extent population size influences the dynamics of host–pathogen coevolution. We used Caenorhabditus elegans and its pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis as a model for experimental coevolution in small and large host populations, as well as in host populations which were periodically forced through a bottleneck. By carefully controlling host population size for 23 host generations, we found that host adaptation was constrained in small populations and to a lesser extent in the bottlenecked populations. As a result, coevolution in large and small populations gave rise to different selection dynamics and produced different patterns of host–pathogen genotype-by-genotype interactions. Our results demonstrate a major influence of host population size on the ability of the antagonists to co-adapt to each other, thereby shaping the dynamics of antagonistic coevolution

Spectral approach to linear programming bounds on codes

We give new proofs of asymptotic upper bounds of coding theory obtained within the frame of Delsarte's linear programming method. The proofs rely on the analysis of eigenvectors of some finite-dimensional operators related to orthogonal polynomials. The examples of the method considered in the paper include binary codes, binary constant-weight codes, spherical codes, and codes in the projective spaces.Comment: 11 pages, submitte

Novel DNA methylation profiles associated with key gene regulation and transcription pathways in blood and placenta of growth-restricted neonates

BB/H012494/1/ Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Counci