Increased performance of sheep and goat value chains in Ethiopia through community-based sheep and goat breeding programs

Poster prepared for a share fair, Addis Ababa, May 201

Why Joanna Baptista Sold Herself into Slavery: Indian Women in Portuguese Amazonia, 1755-1798

In 1780, in Belem, Brazil, Joanna Baptista sold herself into slavery. This article probes Joanna’s motives and situates her actions not only in the milieu of slaveholding Brazil, but also in the more specific context of Portuguese Amazonia during the Directorate (1758–1798). Indians, especially former slaves and their descendants, faced forced resettlement and increased labor demands. Joanna’s case and contemporary petitions demonstrate how women of Indian and mixed descent, especially single women, widows and orphans, used legal means to defend their autonomy

Identity, Power, and Hiring in a Feminized Profession

published or submitted for publicatio

Red snapper discards in Texas coastal waters : a fishery dependent onboard pilot survey of recreational headboat discards and landings

Prepared for Gulf & South Atlantic Fisheries Foundation, Inc.GASAFFI no. 70-06-21807/11165December, 1999This fishery dependent pilot study determined the quantity and characteristics of red snapper recreational headboat discards and landings from three ports (Galveston, Port Aransas, and Port Isabel) along the Texas coast during the months of August and early September 1999. Mean fishing depth during 42 trips was 23.7 fathoms (range, 7.3 -- 52.2, 11.3 s.d.). Reels sampled were 36.5% of reels in use. A total of 3,863 snapper were sampled during the study period. Snapper <18 inches made up 92.3% of snapper caught, those <15 inches made up 75.5% of the catch. When brought on board, 70.1 % of snapper appeared normal and 26.1 % had their stomach protruding. When discarded, 52.8% of snapper were released alive & swam down, 19.9% swam erratically, 13.2% floated, 1.3% were dead, and 12.9% were kept. Fish released either dead or floating were caught at greater depths than fish which swam down or erratically. Galveston had the largest discard:landing ratio (218:1), smallest mean weight per fish (1.5 pounds), and the smallest mean fish total length (13.2 inches). Port Aransas had the lowest discard: landing ratio (5.2: 1) along with the largest mean weight per fish (2.1 pounds), and mean total length per fish (15.2 inches, 2.5 s.d.).Marine Scienc

Does Autoenrollment Affect Employer Contributions?

Summarizes research on how automatically enrolling employees in 401(k) plans in order to raise participation rates increases costs for employers and affects their matching contribution rates and, in turn, the retirement security of eligible employees

OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIOBASED PLASTICS

Agribusiness,

Probing spin dynamics and quantum relaxation in LiY0.998Ho0.002F4 via 19F NMR

We report measurements of 19F nuclear spin-lattice relaxation 1/T1 as a function of temperature and external magnetic field in LiY0.998Ho0.002F4 single crystal, a single-ion magnet exhibiting interesting quantum effects. The 19F 1/T1 is found to depend on the coupling with the diluted rare-earth (RE) moments. Depending on the temperature range, a fast spin diffusion regime or a diffusion limited regime is encountered. In both cases we find it possible to use the 19F nucleus as a probe of the rare-earth spin dynamics. The results for 1/T1 show a behavior similar to that observed in molecular nanomagnets, a result which we attribute to the discreteness of the energy levels in both cases. At intermediate temperatures the lifetime broadening of the crystal field split RE magnetic levels follows a T3 power law. At low temperature the field dependence of 1/T1 shows peaks in correspondence to the critical magnetic fields for energy level crossings (LC). The results can be explained by inelastic scattering between the fluorine nuclear spins and the RE magnetic levels. A key result of this study is that the broadening of the levels at LC is found to be become extremely small at low temperatures, about 1.7 mT, a value which is comparable to the weak dipolar fields at the RE lattice positions. Thus, unlike the molecular magnets, decoherence effects are strongly suppressed, and it may be possible to measure directly the level repulsions at avoided level crossings.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure