240 research outputs found
Conversion efficiency and luminosity for gamma-proton colliders based on the LHC-CLIC or LHC-ILC QCD Explorer scheme
Gamma-proton collisions allow unprecedented investigations of the low x and
high regions in quantum chromodynamics. In this paper, we investigate
the luminosity for "ILC"LHC ( TeV) and
"CLIC"LHC ( TeV) based colliders. Also
we determine the laser properties required for high conversion efficiency.Comment: 16, 6 figure
Morphological evaluation and clinical significance of the supracondylar process and supratrochlear foramen: an anatomic and radiological study
Background: In our literature review, we did not encounter any study examining the supracondylar process (SP) and the supratrochlear foramen (STF) with a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction method. The present study aimed to evaluate SP and STF morphologically by employing the 3D reconstruction method and emphasize their clinical significance.
Materials and methods: The research was carried out on dried human humeri of unknown sex and without pathological alterations. A total of 81 humeri (42 right, 39 left) were obtained from the Departments of Anatomy of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine and Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Medicine. The morphometric measurements of SP and STF were made with a digital vernier caliper. The computed tomography (CT) images acquired for radiological evaluation were analyzed with the 3D reconstruction method.
Results: The narrower distal medullary canal widths of humeri with STF were found to be statistically significant. No statistically significant difference was found between the transverse diameters (TD), vertical diameters (VD), the distance of the medial edge to the medial epicondyle (ME), and the distance of the lateral edge to the lateral epicondyle (LE) of the supratrochlear foramen of the right and left humeri. Conclusions: The supracondylar process is often evaluated by mistake as a pathological condition of the bone, not as a normal anatomical variation. Knowing different shapes and dimensions, e.g., the TD and VD distance in which STF emerges, can assist in avoiding the misinterpretation of radiographs
A High-Gradient Test of a 30 GHz Molybdenum-Iris Structure
The CLIC study is actively investigating a number of different materials in an effort to find ways to increase achievable accelerating gradient. So far a series of rf tests have been made with a set of identical-geometry structures: a W-iris 30 GHz structure, a Mo-iris 30 GHz structure (with pulses as long as 16 ns) and a scaled Mo-iris X-band structure. A second Mo-iris 30 GHz structure of the same geometry has now been tested in CTF3 with pulse lengths up to 350 ns. The structure was conditioned to a gradient of 140 MV/m with a 70 ns pulse length and a breakdown rate slope of 13 MV/m per decade has been measure
Quercetin attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced testicular damage in rats
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of quercetin on carbon tetrachloride
(CCl4)-induced sperm damages, testicular apoptosis and oxidative
stress in male rats. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was treated with only
quercetin, group 3 was treated with only CCl4 and group 4 received CCl4 +
quercetin. All administrations were performed by gavage and maintained for
10 weeks. CCl4 administration caused significant decreases in absolute and relative
reproductive organ weights, sperm motility, concentration and testicular
glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities, and significant
increases in lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, abnormal sperm rate and testicular
apoptotic cell index, along with some histopathological damages when compared
to the control group. However, administration of CCl4 together with
quercetin provided statistically significant improvements in LPO level, abnormal
sperm rate, the degree of histopathological lesions and testicular apoptotic
cell index when compared to only CCl4 group. In addition, improvements
observed in absolute and relative weights of reproductive organs, sperm motility
and concentration, and testicular GSH-Px and CAT activities in group 4
were statistically insignificant when compared to only CCl4 group. In conclusion,
quercetin has antiperoxidative effect, and its oral administration attenuates
the CCl4-induced some damages in male reproductive organs and cells by
decreasing the LPO
Effectiveness of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride-induced damages on male reproductive system
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the likelihood of detrimental effects
of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on male reproductive system through oxidative
stress mechanism and also protective effects of cinnamon bark oil (CBO). For
this purpose, 28 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, seven
rats in each. Group 1 received only olive oil daily; group 2 was treated with
100 mg kg
1 CBO daily; group 3 was treated with only 0.25 ml kg
1 CCl4
weekly; and group 4 received weekly CCl4 + daily CBO. All administrations
were made by intragastric catheter and maintained for 10 weeks. Body and
reproductive organ weights, sperm characteristics, testicular oxidative stress
markers and testicular apoptosis were examined. CCl4 administration caused
significant decreases in body and reproductive organ weights, testicular catalase
(CAT) activity, sperm motility and concentration, and significant increases in
lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, abnormal sperm rate and apoptotic index along
with some histopathological damages compared with the control group. However,
significant improvements were observed in absolute weights of testis and
epididymis, all sperm quality parameters, LPO level, apoptotic index and testicular
histopathological structure following the administration of CCl4 together
with CBO when compared to group given CCl4 only. The findings of this
study clearly suggest that CBO has protective effect against damages in male
reproductive organs and cells induced by CCl4
A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN
This document provides a brief overview of the recently published report on
the design of the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC), which comprises its
physics programme, accelerator physics, technology and main detector concepts.
The LHeC exploits and develops challenging, though principally existing,
accelerator and detector technologies. This summary is complemented by brief
illustrations of some of the highlights of the physics programme, which relies
on a vastly extended kinematic range, luminosity and unprecedented precision in
deep inelastic scattering. Illustrations are provided regarding high precision
QCD, new physics (Higgs, SUSY) and electron-ion physics. The LHeC is designed
to run synchronously with the LHC in the twenties and to achieve an integrated
luminosity of O(100) fb. It will become the cleanest high resolution
microscope of mankind and will substantially extend as well as complement the
investigation of the physics of the TeV energy scale, which has been enabled by
the LHC
The Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHEC) at the LHC
Sub-atomic physics at the energy frontier probes the structure of the fundamental quanta of the Universe. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN opens for the first time the ‘terascale’ (TeV energy scale) to experimental scrutiny, exposing the physics of the Universe at the subattometric (∼ 10−19 m, 10−10 as) scale. The LHC will also take the science of nuclear matter to hitherto unparalleled energy densities. The hadron beams, protons or ions, in the LHC underpin this horizon, and also offer new experimental possibilities at this energy scale. A Large Hadron electron Collider, LHeC, in which an electron (positron) beam of energy 60 to 140 GeV is in collision with one of the LHC hadron beams, makes possible terascale leptonhadron physics. The LHeC is presently being evaluated in the form of two options, ‘ring-ring’ and ‘linac-ring’, either of which operate simultaneously with pp or ion-ion collisions in other LHC interaction regions. Each option takes advantage of recent advances in radio-frequency, in linear acceleration, and in other associated technologies, to achieve ep luminosity as large as 1033 cm−2s−1
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