Pengaruh Tingkat Hunian Pada Keputusan Investasi Proyek Hotel Santika Gubeng Surabaya

Meningkatnya jumlah pembangunan hotel di Surabaya menyebabkan kekhawatiran terhadap tingkat hunian kamar hotel (okupansi) yang ada bias berkurang secara drastis. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah analisa investasi mengenai tingkat okupansi agar bias diketahui Perubahan tingkat okupansi hotel yang terjadi sehingga diketahui kelayakannya. Hotel SantikaGubeng yang berada di Jalan Raya Gubeng yang mempunyai luas bangunan 14.0002 nantinya akan menjadi sebuah parameter dalam pengkajian Perubahan tingkat okupansi hotel di Surabaya dan juga dianalisa dari segi pasar dan finansialnya sehingga bias dikatakan layak dari segi pasar dan layak dari segi finansial. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah metode peramalan yang terbaik dan juga diketahui rata-rata okupansi selama masa investasi sebesar 42% dengan NPV sebesar Rp.47.748.182.982 dan IRR 16% dan dikatakan layak untuk dibangun. Sedangkan dari analisa tingkat okupansi diketahui bahwa sampai NPV mendekati =0, okupansi yang terjadi sekitar

Sunscreens - Which and what for?

It is well established that sun exposure is the main cause for the development of skin cancer. Chronic continuous UV radiation is believed to induce malignant melanoma, whereas intermittent high-dose UV exposure contributes to the occurrence of actinic keratosis as precursor lesions of squamous cell carcinoma as well as basal cell carcinoma. Not only photocarcinogenesis but also the mechanisms of photoaging have recently become apparent. In this respect the use of sunscreens seemed to prove to be more and more important and popular within the last decades. However, there is still inconsistency about the usefulness of sunscreens. Several studies show that inadequate use and incomplete UV spectrum efficacy may compromise protection more than previously expected. The sunscreen market is crowded by numerous products. Inorganic sunscreens such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide have a wide spectral range of activity compared to most of the organic sunscreen products. It is not uncommon for organic sunscreens to cause photocontact allergy, but their cosmetic acceptability is still superior to the one given by inorganic sunscreens. Recently, modern galenic approaches such as micronization and encapsulation allow the development of high-quality inorganic sunscreens. The potential systemic toxicity of organic sunscreens has lately primarily been discussed controversially in public, and several studies show contradictory results. Although a matter of debate, at present the sun protection factor (SPF) is the most reliable information for the consumer as a measure of sunscreen filter efficacy. In this context additional tests have been introduced for the evaluation of not only the protective effect against erythema but also protection against UV-induced immunological and mutational effects. Recently, combinations of UV filters with agents active in DNA repair have been introduced in order to improve photoprotection. This article reviews the efficacy of sunscreens in the prevention of epithelial and nonepithelial skin cancer, the effect on immunosuppression and the value of the SPF as well as new developments on the sunscreen market. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel

On the Properties of Two Pulses Propagating Simultaneously in Different Dispersion Regimes in a Nonlinear Planar Waveguide

Properties of two pulses propagating simultaneously in different dispersion regimes, anomalous and normal, in a Kerr-type planar waveguide are studied in the framework of the nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Catastrophic self-focusing and spatio-temporal splitting of the pulses is investigated. For the limiting case when the dispersive term of the pulse propagating in the normal dispersion regime can be neglected an indication of a possibility of a stable self-trapped propagation of both pulses is obtained.Comment: 18 pages (including 15 eps figures

Eventration of Diaphragm or Pseudo Pleural Effusion?

Background: Physicians frequently encounter chest-x ray reports of pleural effusion in patients. Thoracocentesis is the second step to diagnosis, but if there isn’t any effusion actually, thoracocentesis may lead to complication. Case Report: A 47-year-old man with a history of dyspnea and dry cough and posteroanterior (PA) chest x-ray (and right lateral decubitus) report of pleural effusion referred for thoracocentesis, but vesicular sounds at over the lungs were normal. Spiral lung CT scan revealed localized eventration of diaphragm. Conclusion: Localized eventration of right diaphragm may cause the appearance of pleural effusion in PA and also right lateral decubitus chest x-ray

Instabilities of Higher-Order Parametric Solitons. Filamentation versus Coalescence

We investigate stability and dynamics of higher-order solitary waves in quadratic media, which have a central peak and one or more surrounding rings. We show existence of two qualitatively different behaviours. For positive phase mismatch the rings break up into filaments which move radially to initial ring. For sufficient negative mismatches rings are found to coalesce with central peak, forming a single oscillating filament.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure

Toward CMOS compatible wafer-scale fabrication of carbon-based microsupercapacitors for IoT

This work presents a wafer-scale method of microsupercapacitor (MSC) fabrication. Deposition of the electrode precursor, i.e. graphene oxide, is accomplished through spin-coating which allows for potential application in CMOS compatible processes for future integrated on-chip energy storage systems. Our MSCs have an areal capacitance of 0.4 mF/cm2at 10 μA, which is a very promising result. Further, the MSC has good rate capability as its capacitance decreases by only 0.03 mF/cm2when the current increases to 50 μA. The MSCs have a maximum energy density of 0.04 μWh/cm2and a maximum power density as high as 96 μW/cm2. Additionally, the wafer-scale process demonstrates industrial viability

Extensive study of human insulin immunoassays: promises and pitfalls for insulin analogue detection and quantification:

BACKGROUND: Over the last few decades, new synthetic insulin analogues have been developed. Their measurement is of prime importance in the investigation of hypoglycaemia, but their quantification is hampered by variable cross-reactivity with many insulin assays. For clinical analysis, it has now become essential to know the potential cross-reactivity of analogues of interest. METHODS: In this work, we performed an extensive study of insulin analogue cross-reactivity using numerous human insulin immunoassays. We investigated the cross-reactivity of five analogues (lispro, aspart, glulisine, glargine, detemir) and two glargine metabolites (M1 and M2) with 16 commercial human insulin immunoassays as a function of concentration. RESULTS: The cross-reactivity values for insulin analogues or glargine metabolites ranged from 0% to 264%. Four assays were more specific to human insulin, resulting in negligible cross-reactivity with the analogues. However, none of the 16 assays was completely free of cross-reactivity with analogues or metabolites. The results show that analogue cross-reactivity, which varies to a large degree, is far from negligible, and should not be overlooked in clinical investigations. CONCLUSIONS: This study has established the cross-reactivity of five insulin analogues and two glargine metabolites using 16 immunoassays to facilitate the choice of the immunoassay(s) and to provide sensitive and specific analyses in clinical routine or investigation

Modulation of host cell processes by T3SS effectors

Two of the enteric Escherichia coli pathotypes-enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)-have a conserved type 3 secretion system which is essential for virulence. The T3SS is used to translocate between 25 and 50 bacterial proteins directly into the host cytosol where they manipulate a variety of host cell processes to establish a successful infection. In this chapter, we discuss effectors from EPEC/EHEC in the context of the host proteins and processes that they target-the actin cytoskeleton, small guanosine triphosphatases and innate immune signalling pathways that regulate inflammation and cell death. Many of these translocated proteins have been extensively characterised, which has helped obtain insights into the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these bacteria and also understand the host pathways they target in more detail. With increasing knowledge of the positive and negative regulation of host signalling pathways by different effectors, a future challenge is to investigate how the specific effector repertoire of each strain cooperates over the course of an infection