Design of controlled RF switch for beam steering antenna array

YesA printed dipole antenna integrated with a duplex RF switch used for mobile base station antenna beam steering is presented. A coplanar waveguide to coplanar strip transition was adopted to feed the printed dipole. A novel RF switch circuit, used to control the RF signal fed to the dipole antenna and placed directly before the dipole, was proposed. Simulated and measured data for the CWP-to-CPS balun as well as the measured performance of the RF switch are shown. It has demonstrated the switch capability to control the beam in the design of beam steering antenna array for mobile base station applications

Beam Steering of Time Modulated Antenna Arrays Using Particle Swarm Optimization

yesIn this paper, a simple switching process is employed to steer the beam of a vertically polarised circular antenna array. This is a simple method, in which the difference resulting from the induced currents when the radiating/loaded element is connected/disconnected from the ground plane. A time modulated switching process is applied through particle swarm optimisation.Electronics and Telecommunication

Frequency Tuned Planar Inverted F Antenna with L Shaped Slit Design for Wide Frequency Range.

yesA frequency tuned antenna has been designed to meet the coverage requirements of the DCS, PCS, UMTS and WLAN bands. The antenna consists of a main patch, and a planar inverted L (PIL) slot. The radiator patch is fed, and shorted, using simple feed lines with broadband characteristics. The handset represents the finite ground plane, and a varactor diode is mounted across the middle of the slot for tuning purposes. Initial tuning was obtained by placing lumped capacitors, instead of the varactor, over the radiator. Good agreement is obtained between the predicted and measured input return loss, gain and radiation pattern over the tuned frequency range.MSCR

Wireless Electromagnetic Radiation Assessment Based on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR): A Review Case Study

Employing Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) in new wireless communication and sensing technologies has substantially increased the level of human exposure to EMF waves. This paper presents a useful insight into the interaction of electromagnetic fields with biological media that is defined by the heat generation due to induced currents and dielectric loss. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) defines the heating amount in a biological medium that is irradiated by an electromagnetic field value. The paper reviews the radio frequency hazards due to the SAR based on various safety standards and organisations, including a detailed investigation of previously published work in terms of modelling and measurements. It also summarizes the most common techniques utilised between 1978 and 2021, in terms of the operational frequency spectrum, bandwidth, and SAR values

Modified small PIFA frequency tunable antenna,

NoThis paper presents a physically compact, frequency tunable antenna design for use in mobile terminals. The full operating bandwidth is between 1750 MHz and 2400 MHz with good impedance match in the entire tuning range to meet the coverage requirements of the DCS, PCS, UMTS and WLAN bands . The antenna bandwidth is is realized by loading the embedded resonant slot of a PIFA, with a varactor diode, with an equivalent capacitance range of 0.5 pF to 2.5 pF