Nigerian Arabic and Islamic Drama and the Promotion of Peace and Conflict Resolution among the Muslims: Finding Meaning in Alabi’s Al-A’qidatul-haditha (The Modern Creed)

Drama has been widely acclaimed as a positive medium for mirroring the society. It is a representation of life. It entertains, educate and inform. Drama has been employed by playwrights over the years to make constructive social commentaries on issues and happenings in the society. It is not new in Nigeria today that most of the social conflict and disunity among the people especially the Muslims are ascribed to the method of tackling religious issues. Lack of good admonition and application of wisdom has caused so many conflicts among the people. This paper therefore analyses one of Abdulganiy Adebayo Alabi’s play texts, Al-a’qidatul Haditha (The modern creed). The play is written in Arabic language with a view to educate the society especially the Muslim youths on method of propagating religious activities with moral approach. The paper therefore draws some valuable lessons that could be learned from the play text which can serve as means of promoting peace and conflict resolution. The researchers adopts the content analysis of qualitative research method The research findings shows that if propagation of religion is not carefully done with wisdom and good admonition as instructed by Allah and His Messenger (SAW) can lead to hatred, conflict, misconception, insecurity and disorderliness among the citizens. The study recommends that more plays should be written by Arabic and Islamic Scholars to educate and promote peace and security. The paper therefore, concludes that Arabo-Islamic drama is a vital medium for the propagation of peace, conflict resolution and real Islamic culture in Nigeria

In-vivo and in-vitro nutrients digestibility of raw and processed Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) seed meal fed to the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This study was conducted to determine the in-vivo and in-vitro apparent digestibility coefficient of nutrients in raw and processed Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) seed meals. In the in-vivo digestibility, Acid Insoluble Ash (AIA) was used as an indicator. Five experimental diets were formulated using raw roselle, (RR) soaked roselle, (SR) boiled roselle,(BR) sprouted roselle (SR) and fermented roselle (FR) to feed Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings inside fifteen plastic aquaria of 60cm x 50cm x 30cm dimension with 120L water holding capacity to determine the effect of raw and processed roselle on the digestibility of the oil seed. Ten fingerlings of O. niloticus (initial total weight 0.60kg) were stocked in each aquarium with three replicates. The results obtained revealed that the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) for protein were highest in fermented roselle (88.20%) followed by boiled roselle (86.40%), sprouted roselle (85.74%), soaked roselle was 81.43% and the raw roselle was the least with 79.57%. The ADC for Crude Lipid was 57.90%, 50.17%, 57.80%, 50.54% and 49.75% for fermented roselle, sprouted roselle, boiled roselle, soaked roselle and raw roselle respectively. The results for the digestibility coefficient of roselle seed meals analyzed in-vitro using casein as the control showed that the ADC for protein were also highest in fermented, roselle 90.50%, followed by boiled roselle (85.00%), soaked roselle (75.00) and lastly raw roselle (70.00%). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in all the processing methods. In both the in-vivo and in-vitro digestibility, fermented roselle presented the highest digestibility of 88.20% and 90.50% respectively. These values compares favorably with other oil seed meals and legumes used in aquafeeds.Keywords: Digestibility, Nile Tilapia, Rosell

Some Improved Class of Ratio Estimators for Finite Population Variance with the Use of Known Parameters

In this paper, we proposed some improved class of ratio estimators for finite population variance with the use of known parameters. The proposed estimators are obtained by transforming both the sample variances of the study and auxiliary variables, as well as the use of known parameters. The Mean Square Error of the proposed estimators have been obtained and the conditions for their efficiency over some existing variance estimators have been established. The present family of finite variance estimator, having obtaining the optimal values of the constants, exhibit significant improvement over the estimators considered in the study. The empirical study is also conducted to support the theoretical results and the results revealed that the suggested estimators are more efficient

Self-reported adherence to treatment: A study of socioeconomic factors and psychiatric morbidity among male and female patients with HIV infection in Sokoto, Nigeria

Objective: Adherence to treatment is important and relevant in HIV  treatment. Previous studies in sub Sahara Africa and south western Nigeria reported that psychiatric morbidity influence treatment adherence.The present study was to examine treatment adherence among the male and the female patients with HIV infection and the effect of socioeconomic factors and psychiatric morbidity on treatment adherence .Methods: A total of 159 patients which comprised of 48 male and 111  female who were eligible for this cross sectional prospective study were  included having given their consent to participate. Questionnaire relating to socioeconomic factors and treatment adherence were administered. Psychiatric morbidity was assessed using HADS. Data was analyzed with SPSS for windows version 16.0.Results: Treatment adherence was poor in 5.3% of the patients. The male patients had slightly better adherence than the female patients. Factors associated with poor treatment adherence include poor clinic attendance, presence of anxiety symptoms in males and poor education attainment in females.Conclusion: Treatment adherence is related to socioeconomic factors and psychiatric morbidity. Treatment protocol in which mental health and  detailed socioeconomic circumstance of patient is an integral part should be encouraged.Keywords: Adherence, HIV, infection, Patient, Treatmen

Comparative analysis of physicochemical characteristics of ABU and Zaria Dam

The physical and chemical parameters of ABU Dam and Zaria Dam were carried out between September and October 2009. The results obtained in the two water bodies were temperature 27.7 0C, pH (7.5 and 7.3), dissolved oxygen (5.8 mg/l and 5.0 mg/l), biochemical oxygen demand (1.74 mg/l and 2. 16 mg/l), alkalinity (58 mg CaC03/l and 49 mgCaCO3/l) P04-P (2.47 mg/l and 1.59 mg/l) NO3-N (3.67 mg/l and 3.47 mg/l), conductivity (54.70 ~ks-1 and 42.48 ~ks-1), total hydrocarbon (TH) (47.66 mg/l) and 48.00 mg/l) and total dissolved solids (32.68 mg/l and 25.35 mg/l) respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean values of the parameters (P>0.05) except conductivity and total dissolved solids. The water bodies were found to be neutral with high conductivity. All the properties in the water bodies were in conformity with international standards both for drinking and aquatic life

Response of suction distribution due to variations of permeability in residual soil slope

A landslide in residual soil normally occurs immediately after heavy rainfall. Previous studies have shown that decrease in matric suction during rainfall decreases the shear strength of soil and results in landslides. One of the factors that contribute to infiltration of water into soil is permeability of the soil which varies with depth. The variations of permeability can either prevent or allow water to infiltrate into deeper soil layer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the suction distribution in a two-layered residual soil system with variable permeability function using laboratory physical slope model. The Ksat for Grade V varies from 5.11 × 10-4 m/s for relict joint of 100 mm spacing to 5.40 × 10-5 m/s for relict joint of 300 mm spacing. Meanwhile the Ksat for Grade VI represent Grade VI without burrow holes, 5.00 × 10-7 m/s and Ksat with burrow holes, 6.98 × 10-4 m/s. The infiltration tests were conducted for 12 series of experimental program. The suction distribution due to variations of permeability and rainfall intensity were determined. The results illustrated that suction distribution responded in various ways depending on permeability of the layered soil and also the rainfall intensity

Prevalence and specific psychosocial factors associated with substance use and psychiatric morbidity among patients with HIV infection at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto State, Nigeria

In this study we set out to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders among HIV infected persons, prevalence of substance use among these patients, effect of active and inactive use of substance on drug compliance and clinic attendance, and psychosocial correlates of substance use among these patients. This cross sectional study was conducted among patients who had been diagnosed with HIV disease in a teaching hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria. A questionnaire relating to socio-demographic variables, substance use and psychiatric morbidity was administered to the patients. Information obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 11 with the test of significance set at p<0.05. Our study showed that more male patients used substance than the female patients. In addition, the presence of psychiatric morbidity and substance use had implications for clinic attendance and drug compliance. In the overall management of HIV infected patients, regular screening for substance use and psychiatric morbidity should be carried out and referrals made appropriately

Petrological and structural evolution of basement rocks around Guga, Katsina State, northwestern Nigeria

Lithological characterization and structural assessments of basement rocks around Guga, Katsina State was carried out to understand their geologic evolution and deformational history better. Field and petrographic studies were utilized in characterizing macrostructural, textural, and mineralogical components. Migmatite, banded and augen gneisses, schist, quartzite, and granite constitute the major lithologic units in the study area. Migmatite and the closely related banded gneiss are recognized as igneous-derived metamorphic rocks of Eburnean to early Pan African. In contrast, the augen gneisses are metamorphosed analogues of earlier banded gneiss that were intensely deformed within a ductile shear zone during the middle stages of the Pan African. Similarly, the schist and interbedded quartzite were emplaced during this period, subsequently forming part of the Malumfashi supracrustal cover, related to simple ensialic graben-like structural development. The granitic intrusions represent the youngest rock units in the mapped area, resulting from the magmatic activity of the Pan-African orogeny. Structural analysis suggests the mapped area was affected by two-phase deformation events (D1 and D2). The D1 deformation represents a regional, fabric-forming compressional event, while D2 is a localized deformational event associated with the development of a local shear zone linked to the Kalangai fault system (KFS)

SOCIAL EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

To bolster the Nigerian economy's industrialization efforts, successive governments have devised and enacted various industrial policies for sustainable economic development. Therefore, using structural functionalist approach and secondary sources of data, the paper examined the social effects of industrial policies in Nigeria, with a focus on their socio-economic implications. The paper revealed that recent industrial policies in Nigeria includes fuel subsidy removal, national blockchain initiatives, exchange rate unification, Structural Adjustment Programme, economic recovery plans, and COVID-19 stimulus packages among others. The paper also revealed that industrial policies however yield both positive and negative effects on citizens' livelihoods, as well-executed industrial policies have the potential to generate employment opportunities, increase productivity, and foster overall economic development. The paper identified obstacles to policy implementation in Nigeria to include corruption, political inertia, political instability, privatization challenges, technological limitations, and inadequate infrastructure among others. The paper therefore recommended among others that combating corruption is very important for effective policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria. It also advocates for policies that promote trade and economic integration on the international stage, emphasizing the necessity of collaboration with developed nations to maximize the societal benefits of industrial policy formulation. &nbsp

JOB STRESS AND EMPLOYEES' PERSONAL FULFILLMENTS IN NIGERIAN BANKING ORGANISATIONS

In this modern world, stress has become a global phenomenon that occurs in a variety of ways in every organization, irrespective of the profession. In today’s work life, employees are generally working longer hours as the rising levels of responsibilities require them to exert themselves even more strenuously to meet targets and raise expectations about their work performance. Banking is an inherently stressful profession characterized by long working hours, serious competition, ethical dilemmas, regulatory bottlenecks, and dealing with a diverse customer base.Hence, the thrust of this paper is to examine the effects of job stress on employees' personal fulfilments in Nigerian banking organizations, with the objectives of identifying the drivers of job stress and examining the coping strategies to managing job stress to enhance employees’ personal fulfilments. While adopting Two-Factor Theory of Job Satisfaction and the Person-Environment Fit Theory, a secondary method of data collection was utilized, in which books, journals, and internet-based articles were reviewed and their content analyzed. Based on the literature reviewed, the paper showed that inadequate resources to do the job, high demands, workload, time pressures, lack of job security, understaffing, technological revolution, role ambiguity, and role conflict, among others, were the major causes of job stress affecting bank employees. The paper also showed that headaches, eating disorders, sleep disturbances, fatigue, muscle aches and pains, anxiety, irritability, low morale, depression, alcohol and drug use, feeling powerless and isolation from family, friends, and co-workers, among others, were the major effects of job stress on the employees personal fulfilments in the Nigerian banking organizations. Based on these findings, it was concluded and recommended that managers should invite employees who think that they are being given jobs that are in contradiction with their skills and clarify their roles. They should facilitate an employee skill audit that will help to place employees that feel underutilized. Management should introduce stress management techniques into banking organizations. An Employee Assistance Program should be introduced for early identification and intervention of problems capable of causing stress e.t.c